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Water Level Sensor

This document summarizes a microcontroller-based water level monitoring and control system that uses sensors to detect water levels and controls pumps and valves accordingly. The system aims to reduce water and energy usage through automated monitoring and control. It uses an 89C52 microcontroller, IR sensors to detect water levels, an LCD for display, and other components like voltage regulators and resistors.

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Naveed Ahmed
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178 views9 pages

Water Level Sensor

This document summarizes a microcontroller-based water level monitoring and control system that uses sensors to detect water levels and controls pumps and valves accordingly. The system aims to reduce water and energy usage through automated monitoring and control. It uses an 89C52 microcontroller, IR sensors to detect water levels, an LCD for display, and other components like voltage regulators and resistors.

Uploaded by

Naveed Ahmed
Copyright
© Attribution Non-Commercial (BY-NC)
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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Abstract:

In this report we introduce the notion of water level monitoring and management within the context of electrical conductivity of the water. More specifically, we investigate the microcontroller based water level sensing and controlling in a wired and wireless environment. Water Level management approach would help in reducing the home power consumption and as well as water overflow. For this purpose we also use LCD for proper monitoring.

Introduction:
Sustainability of available water resource in many reason of the word is now a dominant issue. This problem is quietly related to poor water allocation, inefficient use, and lack of adequate and integrated water management. Water is commonly used for agriculture, industry, and domestic consumption. Therefore, efficient use and water monitoring are potential constraint for home or office water management system. Last few decades several monitoring system integrated with water level detection have become accepted. Measuring water level is an essential task for government and residence perspective. In this way, it would be possible to track the actual implementation of such initiatives with integration of various controlling activities. Therefore, water controlling system implementation makes potential significance in home applications. The existing automated method of level detection is described and that can be used to make a device on/off. Moreover, the common method of level control for home appliance is simply to start the feed pump at a low level and allow it to run until a higher water level is reached in the water tank. This is not properly supported for adequate controlling system. Besides this, liquid level control systems are widely used for monitoring of liquid levels, reservoirs, silos, and dams etc. Usually, this kind of systems provides visual multi level as well as continuous level indication. Proper monitoring is needed to ensure water sustainability is actually being reached, with disbursement linked to sensing and automation. Such programmatic approach entails microcontroller based automated water level sensing and controlling.

Component list:
89C52 , Micro-Controller

Three Digital IR sensors


LM7805 LCD JHD1628 Zener Diode LEDs

0 Ohm Resistors (as Jumpers) Potentiometer

Microcontroller (AT89C52):
The microcontroller receives the signal and responds accordingly. It takes the decision based on input signal received by both the receiver LEDs. It will give command to motors through H-bridge to move forward, or take a left turn or a right turn.

LM7805:

Working:
This series of fixed-voltage integrated-circuit voltage regulators is designed for a wide range of applications. These applications include on-card regulation for elimination of noise and distribution problems associated with single-point regulation. Each of these regulators can deliver up to 1.5 A of output current. The internal current-limiting and thermal-shutdown features of these regulators essentially make them immune to overload. In addition to use as fixed-voltage regulators, these devices can be used with external components to obtain adjustable output voltages and currents, and also can be used as the power-pass element in precision regulators.

LCD:
An LCD is a small low cost display. It is easy to interface with a micro-controller This controller is standard across many displays (HD 44780) which means many micro-controllers have libraries that make displaying messages as easy as a single line of code.

Crystal 11.0592:
We can use other frequencies such as 12 MHz, but according to the referenced site, 11.0592MHz is used because: "it can be divided to give you exact clock rates for most of the common baud rates for the UART, especially for the higher speeds (9600, 19200). Despite the "oddball" value, these crystals are readily available and commonly used."

0 Ohm Resistors:
0 ohm resistors are used as Jumpers because wires doesnt look good for PCB design

Potentiometer:
An adjustable potentiometer can open up many interesting user interfaces. Turn the pot and the resistance changes. Connect VCC to an outer pin, GND to the other, and the center pin will have a voltage that varies from 0 to VCC depending on the rotation of the pot. Hook the center pin to an ADC on a microcontroller and get a variable input from the user!

Zener Diode:
The Zener diode is like a general-purpose signal diode. When biased in the forward direction it behaves just like a normal signal diode, but when a reverse voltage is applied to it, the voltage remains constant for a wide range of currents. So in this project zener diode is used as voltage regulator.

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