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Brief Intervention: As A Form of Counseling

1) Brief counseling is a simple and short form of counseling that can be used in educational settings. It involves asking the client about their situation, advising them on ways to address problems, assessing their willingness to change, and arranging follow-up meetings. 2) The goals of counseling are to facilitate wise decisions and promote adjustment, while psychotherapy aims to cure illness. Counseling focuses on empowering clients to cope with problems through healthy growth. 3) Effective counseling involves building rapport, active listening, clarifying issues, helping clients choose alternatives, explaining choices, and arranging follow-ups. It follows principles like acceptance, confidentiality, and letting the client decide.

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47 views

Brief Intervention: As A Form of Counseling

1) Brief counseling is a simple and short form of counseling that can be used in educational settings. It involves asking the client about their situation, advising them on ways to address problems, assessing their willingness to change, and arranging follow-up meetings. 2) The goals of counseling are to facilitate wise decisions and promote adjustment, while psychotherapy aims to cure illness. Counseling focuses on empowering clients to cope with problems through healthy growth. 3) Effective counseling involves building rapport, active listening, clarifying issues, helping clients choose alternatives, explaining choices, and arranging follow-ups. It follows principles like acceptance, confidentiality, and letting the client decide.

Uploaded by

Deaniza Cesarania
Copyright
© Attribution Non-Commercial (BY-NC)
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Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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BRIEF INTERVENTION

AS A FORM OF COUNSELING
Summarized and written by Yayi Suryo Prabandari Faculty of Medicine Universitas Gadjah Mada Introduction
Beginning in the year 1970 most people agreed that counseling is beneficial and should made more widely available (Tyler, 1969, cit. Hershenson, Power & Waldo, 1996). Not only people in the mental health area use counseling, but also other areas, including general health areas. Doctors, nurses, midwives and other health providers start learning and implementing counseling in the last three decades. Indeed, counseling is widely used in education, particularly in helping students enhance their achievement, learning adaptation and life skills. This short article describes short description of counseling, the difference between counseling and psychotherapy, process and principles of counseling and skills for conducting counseling. This article will be closed with an explanation of brief intervention as a form of counseling.

What is counseling?
The central purpose of counseling is to facilitate wise choice and decisions. However, some professionals also give other definition, counseling can be used to promote adjustment or mental health. To give more understanding on the definition, counseling is meant by assisting an individual, family or group through the client counselor relationship: To develop understanding of intrapersonal and interpersonal problems To define goals To make decisions To plan a course of action reflecting the needs, interests and abilities of the individual, family or group To use informational and community resources, as these procedures are related to personal, social, emotional, educational and vocational development and adjustment

What is the difference between counseling and psychotherapy?


Psychotherapy implies adherence to a medical model, which views the person seeking help (the patient) as ill and the goal of intervention as curing that illness. Counseling, while it can have therapeutic effects, focuses instead on promoting healthy development by assisting the person seeking help (the client) to learn to

cope effectively with problems of living. Thus, the goal of psychotherapy is the elimination of psychopathology (phobia, severe depression or anxiety), whereas the goal of counseling is to empower the client to achieve healthy growth (Hershenson, Power & Waldo, 1996, page 4)

Counseling process
As written in the skills laboratory manual, a counseling process may summarized as GATHER: G greet, give warm greeting to client A ask, ask client what happens to them T tell, tell client alternative H help, help client in choosing E explain, explain the client about the chosen alternative R return, return for follow up Besides GATHER, two things that facilitate the counseling process should be considered: CLEAR: C clarifying, clarify the client problem L listening, always perform as a good listener Concentrate Keep eye contact Show interest body language Encourage client to talk Ask client to explain Re check use paraphrase Leave your opinion Stay calm E encouraging, encourage clients to express their emotion and explain their problem A asking for feedback, after you gave your interpretation and alternatives, ask clients for their opinion about your interpretation or alternatives R repeating, encourage clients to apply the alternatives they choose and ask them to return ROLES: R relaxing, maintain a relax situation when conducting a counseling O opening up to client, disclosure your self as counselor and show your honest acceptance of the diversity L leaning toward client, always see to the client problem and show your interest and motivated body language E eye contact, establish eye contact during the counseling process S smiling and sitting squarely

Counseling principles
The process of counseling should follow principles below: Acceptance Counselor should accept clients as they are, and understand the diversity Individual Except for the group counseling, individual counseling should implemented individually and the client should be seen as an unique person. Confidentiality The confidentiality of client problem should be kept The client is the decision maker Counselor should let the clients to make their own decision Emotion control What ever the reaction or behavior of clients, counselor should stay calm Avoid judgment Although client has un manner behavior, counselor should stay in the neutral way and avoid to judge the client

Communication skills that should be mastered in counseling process


Relating Maintain a good and relax relationship between counselor and counselee Observing During the counseling process, counselor should observe the clients body language or non verbal language Listening As noted previously, counselor should maintain its listening behavior Questioning The way for asking client should perform adequately. It is suggested that counselor should use open question Attending behavior Acceptance of client is important. Counselors should show their non verbal language that show an acceptance and readiness to help Talking Use appropriate language and stay calm, avoid of giving judgment or blaming the client Summarizing & paraphrasing Sometimes counselor need to make summary or paraphrase (repeat the client talk with your own language) Interpreting Counselors also needs to make their own interpretation of the problem or emotion of the clients 3

Giving interpretation The interpretation of the main problem and its emotion should be given to the clients.

Brief counseling as a Form of Simple and Short Counseling


A brief intervention for assisting patients stop smoking has been developed in the USA. The brief counseling is a form of simple and short counseling. This method can be applied in educational setting. The process of brief counseling as below: ASK o Knowing the client (family background, social relationship, living arrangement, habit and hobbies) o Asking about motivation to study, learning style, adaptation in higher degree life, student assessment and achievement o Learning/adaptation/social/family problem ADVISE o Praise client for trying to see counselor or advisor o Link the problem to present complaint or feeling o Discuss the way out, short and long-term benefits o Give clear message ASSESS o Assess the willingness of clients to follow the advice/s o Assess the motivation to change ASSIST Who say YES: Ready to change now: o Provide motivational and self-jelp o Map out plan with client o Set date for changing Who say NO: Not ready to stop o Provide motivational assistance o Ask about barriers to change o Encourage reconsideration in future; offer ongoing support

ARRANGE FOLLOW UP o Mention that you will follow up at next visit o Arrange follow-up date for those ready now as appropriate o Telephone/personal contact for further assistance

Motivational Intervention of 5 R
Relevance Link emotional state with initiation of change Risk Discuss risks of missing feeling with habit or anything that cause learning disturbance Rewards Link benefits and effort of change Roadblocks Discuss any possibility of barrier to change Repetition Repeat and always repeat positive statement and the selected way out

Final remark
Counseling and brief intervention is communication skills. For mastering this counseling skill, counselor/advisor should practice and practice. Use your day life social interaction as a field for practicing. Helping friends problem is one example to practice your counseling and brief intervention skill. Enjoy your practice, good luck!

Reference
1) American Medical Association. 1992 How to Hel Sto Smo!in". USA: National Cancer Institute, Centers for Disease Control and Pre ention, American Societ! of Addiction Medicine "o#ler, $. %199&) 'andomised trial of nicotine (atc)es in *eneral (ractice: results at one !ear. #M$ %&M, +,-:1&./01&.., do#load 1212/1,1 $ourla!, S.$., "or2es, A., Marriner, 3., Pet)ica, D., 4 McNeil, 5.5. %1996) Dou2le 2lind trial of re(eated treatment #it) transdermal nicotine for rela(sed smo7ers. #M$ %&M, +11:+/+0+//, do#nload 1212/1,1 8er)s)enson, D9., Po#er, P:., 4 :aldo, M. 199/ %ommunity %ounselin" ; Contem(orar! 3)eor! and Practice. 9oston: All!n and 9acon 3an*, 5.<, <a#, M., 4 :ald, N. %199&) 8o# effecti e is nicotine re(lacement t)era(! in )el(in* (eo(le to sto( smo7in*. #M$ %&M, +,-: 2102/, do#nload 2/1121,1

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