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Tutorials On Bohrs Theory

1. The document provides tutorials on Niels Bohr's model of the hydrogen atom, discussing topics like orbital radii, transition energies, and spectral line wavelengths. 2. Questions calculate quantities like the energy required to separate a hydrogen atom, the quantum number of an orbit with a given radius, and the frequency and wavelength of photons emitted during atomic transitions. 3. Formulas are derived and concepts like the recoil effect are explained for hydrogen and hydrogen-like ions in various excited and ground states.

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Sukhwinder Singh Gill
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© Attribution Non-Commercial (BY-NC)
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Download as DOC, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
167 views

Tutorials On Bohrs Theory

1. The document provides tutorials on Niels Bohr's model of the hydrogen atom, discussing topics like orbital radii, transition energies, and spectral line wavelengths. 2. Questions calculate quantities like the energy required to separate a hydrogen atom, the quantum number of an orbit with a given radius, and the frequency and wavelength of photons emitted during atomic transitions. 3. Formulas are derived and concepts like the recoil effect are explained for hydrogen and hydrogen-like ions in various excited and ground states.

Uploaded by

Sukhwinder Singh Gill
Copyright
© Attribution Non-Commercial (BY-NC)
Available Formats
Download as DOC, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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Tutorials on Bohrs H atom 1. Experiments indicate that 13.

6 eV is required to separate a hydrogen atom into a proton and an electron; that is, its total energy is 13.6 eV. Find the orbital radius and its velocity of the electron in a hydrogen atom. 2. An electron collides with a hydrogen atom in its ground state and exists it to a state of n=3. How much energy was given to the hydrogen atom in this inelastic (Kinetic energy not conserved) collision? 3.Hydrogen atoms in states of high quantum number have been created in the laboratory and observed in space. (a) Find the quantum number of the Bohr orbit in a hydrogen atom whose radius is 0.01 mm. (b) What is the energy of a hydrogen atom in this state? 4. Find the longest wavelength present in the Balmer series of hydrogen, corresponding to the H line . 5. Find the frequencies of revolution of electrons in n=1 and n=2 Bohrs orbits. (b) What is the frequency of the photon emitted when an electron in an n = 2 orbit drops to an n=1? (c) An electron typically spends about 10-8s in an exited state before it drops to a lower state by emitting a photon. How many revolutions does an electron in an n=2 Bohr orbit make in 1x10-8 s? 6. What is the shortest wavelength present in the Brackett series of spectral lines? 7. In the Bohr model, the electron is in constant motion. How can such an electron have a negative amount of energy? 8. Derive a formula for the speed of an electron in the nth orbit of a hydrogen atom according to the Bohr model? 9. Find the quantum number that characterizes the earths orbit around the sun. The earths mass is 6.0x1024 kg, its orbital radius is 1.5x1011m, and its orbital speed is 3.0x104 m/s. 10. Compare the uncertainty in the momentum of an electron confined to a region of linear dimension ao with the momentum of an electron in a ground state Bohr orbit. 11. What effect would you expect the rapid random motion of the atoms of an exited gas to have on the spectral lines they produce? 12. A proton and an electron, both at rest initially, combine to form a hydrogen atom in the ground state. A single proton is emitted in this process. What is its wavelength? 13. Find the wavelength of the spectral line that corresponding to a transition in hydrogen from the n = 10 state to the ground state. In what part of the spectrum is this?

14. A beam of electrons bombards a sample of hydrogen, through what potential difference must the electrons have been accelerated if the first line of the Balmer series is to be emitted? 15. The longest wavelength in the Lyman series is 121.5 nm and the shortest wavelength in the Balmer series is 364.6 nm. Use the figures to find the longest wavelength of light that could ionize hydrogen. 16. An exited atom emits a photon of wavelength in returning to the ground state (a) Derive a formula that gives the quantum number of the initial exited state in terms of and R. (b) use this formula to find ni for 102.55- nm photon. 17. When an exited atom emits a photon, the linear momentum of the photon must be balanced by the recoil momentum of the atom. As a result, some of the excitation energy of the atom goes in to the kinetic energy of its recoil (a) Modify the energy expression to include this effect. (b) Find the ratio between the recoil energy and the photon energy for the n=3 n=2 transition in hydrogen, for which Ef Ei = 1.9 eV. Is the effect a major one? 18. Show that the frequency of the photon emitted by a hydrogen atom is going from the level n+1 to the level n is always intermediate between the frequencies of revolution of the electron in the respective orbits. 19. A - muon is in the n = 2 state of a muonic atom whose nucleus is a proton. Find the wavelength of the photon emitted when the muonic atom drops to its ground state. In what part of the spectrum is this wavelength? 20. A mixture of ordinary hydrogen and tritium, a hydrogen isotope whose nucleus is approximately 3 times more massive than ordinary hydrogen, is exited and its spectrum observed. How far apart in wavelength will the H lines of the two kinds of hydrogen be? 21. Derive a formula for the energy levels of a hydrogenic atom, which is an ion such as He+ or Li2+ whose nuclear charge is Ze and which contains a single electron. (b) Sketch the energy levels of the He+ and compare them with the energy levels of the H atom. (c) An electron joins a bare helium nucleus to form a He + ion. Find the wavelength of the photon emitted in this process if the electron is assumed to have had no kinetic energy when it combined with the nucleus.

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