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1-CEE106 Ch1 Fundamentals Ms

The document discusses fundamentals of vibrations including harmonic motion and periodic motion. It covers topics like displacement, velocity, acceleration, exponential form of trigonometric functions, complex sinusoid representation of harmonic motion, and mathematical advantages of exponential operations.

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69 views7 pages

1-CEE106 Ch1 Fundamentals Ms

The document discusses fundamentals of vibrations including harmonic motion and periodic motion. It covers topics like displacement, velocity, acceleration, exponential form of trigonometric functions, complex sinusoid representation of harmonic motion, and mathematical advantages of exponential operations.

Uploaded by

ahamedtouhid899
Copyright
© Attribution Non-Commercial (BY-NC)
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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Chapter 1

Fundamentals of Vibrations
- Professor Masoud Sanayei
1
Harmonic Motion:

The simplest form of periodic oscillatory motion is harmonic motion.






Periodic Motion

where, t = Period [sec]

x(t)
t
A
m
t = period
k
Optic filmstrip recorder
( ) ( ) ( )
x t x t x t n t t = + = +
2
Consider the following notations as:
Frequency, [Hz] or cps
Circular frequency, [rad/sec]
Amplitude of vibration

Then, the Simple harmonic equation can be written as:
( )
2
x t Asin t Asin t
t
e
t
= =
Cos t
P
A
1
5
2
3
4
O
Sin t
u=t
1
2
3
4
5
t
x(t)
A
O
t
t x(t)
1 0 0
2 t/4 A
3 t/2 0
4 3t/4 -A
5 t 0
1
f
t
=
2
2 f
t
e t
t
= =
A
3
Time history relation between displacements, velocities and accelerations:
Displacement
Velocity
Acceleration

Let





( )
x t Asin t e =
( )
x t Acos t Asin t
2
t
e e e e
| |
= = +
|
\ .
( ) ( )
2 2
x t Asin t Asin t e e e e t = = +
4
1.57 Rad / Sec e =
4 Sec t =
f 0.25 Hz =
Vector phase relationship between displacement, velocity and acceleration:
(Assume = 1.57 rad/sec)





Also note:
(1) D.E. for free vibration

2
x x e =
2
x x 0 e + =
5
Exponential form: Trigonometric functions and exponential functions are
related as:

Harmonic motion can be represented as:

Complex sinusoid

Z satisfies differential equation (1)
Conjugate of z is z*

z* is rotating in the negative direction with angular speed of . Then



i
e cos i sin
u
u u = +
( )
i t
z Ae A cos t i sin t
e
e e = = +
z x iy = +
u=t
Re
Im
z=A e
it

O
2 i t 2
z A e z
e
e e = =
( )
* i t
z x iy Ae A cos t i sin t
e
e e

= = =
( ) ( )
* i t
1
x z z Acos t Re Ae
2
e
e = + = =
( ) ( )
* i t
i
y z z ASin t Im Ae
2
e
e

= = =
y
Z
x
Z+Z* A
t
t
Z*
6
Mathematical advantages of exponential operations:

Let and

Then,






Exponential representation is for mathematical convenience.
1
i
1 \1
z A e
u
=
2
i
2 2
z A e
u
=
( )
1 2
i
1 2 1 2
z z A A e
u u +
=
( )
1 2
i
1 1
2 2
z A
e
z A
u u
=
n n in
z A e
u
=
1 1
i
n n n
z A e
u
=
7

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