Subnetting Notes
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duke_doSubnetting Notes
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duke_doClass A 0-126
Class B 128-191
Class C 192-223
2^7 = 128
2^6 = 64
2^5 = 32
2^4 = 16
2^3 = 8
2^2 = 4
2^1 = 2
2^0 = 1
There are only 8 subnets in any octet.
128 = 128
192 = 128+64
224 = 128+64+32
240 = 128+64+32+16
248 = 128+64+32+16+8
252 = 128+64+32+16+8+4
254 = 128+64+32+16+8+4+2
255 = 128+64+32+16+8+4+2+1
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Given: 192.168.1.0 255.255.255.0
Create 3 subnets that contains at least 1x50 ip and 2x14 usable ip addresses,
no waste address space.
Subnet#1 192.168.1.0
1) How many bits to create 50 hosts network?
128 64
| 32 16 8 4 2 1
Network | max hosts = 63
Next usable subnet?
Subnet#2 192.168.1.64(0+64)
What is the mask for subnet#1?
128+64 = 192
Subnet#1 192.168.1.0/26(CIDR) 255.255.255.192
What is the broadcast address for subnet#1?
192.168.1.63(64-1)
What actual hosts:
192.168.1.1 192.168.1.62
2) How many bits to create 14 hosts network?
128 64 32 16 | 8 4 2 1
Network | max hosts = 15
Next usable subnet?
Subnet#3 192.168.1.80(64+16)
What is the broadcast address for subnet#2?
192.168.1.79(80-1)
What is the mask for subnet#2?
128+64+32+16 = 240
Subnet#2 192.168.1.64/28(CIDR) 255.255.255.240
What actual hosts:
192.168.1.65 192.168.1.78
3) How many bits to create 14 hosts network?
128 64 32 16 | 8 4 2 1
Network | max hosts = 15
Next usable subnet?
Subnet#4 192.168.1.96(80+16)
What is the broadcast address for subnet#3?
Page 2 of 4
192.168.1.95(96-1)
What is the mask for subnet#2?
128+64+32+16 = 240
Subnet#2 192.168.1.64/28(CIDR) 255.255.255.240
What actual hosts:
192.168.1.81 192.168.1.95
Next available for future use:
192.168.1.96 192.168.1.255
Exercise:
192.168.156.0/22 begin 192.168.157.0
128 hosts /24 192.168.157.0 255.255.255.0 192.168.157.1 0.0.0.255
90 hosts /25 192.168.158.0 255.255.255.128 192.168.158.1 0.0.0.127
60 hosts /26 192.168.159.0 255.255.255.192 192.168.159.1 0.0.0.63
60 hosts /26 192.168.158.128 255.255.255.192 192.168.158.129 0.0.0.63
60 hosts /26 192.168.158.192 255.255.255.192 192.168.158.193 0.0.0.63
30 hosts /30 192.168.159.64 255.255.255.224 192.168.159.65 0.0.0.31
2
2
2
2
hosts
hosts
hosts
hosts
/30
/30
/30
/30
192.168.159.96 255.255.255.252 192.168.159.97 0.0.0.3
192.168.159.100 255.255.255.252 192.168.159.101 0.0.0.3
192.168.159.96 255.255.255.252 192.168.159.98 0.0.0.3
192.168.159.100 255.255.255.252 192.168.159.102 0.0.0.3
Page 3 of 4
6 Steps to subnet
1) How many sub-networks do you need?
128 for 2 networks from 1 bit: 0 and 128
192 for 4 networks from 2 bit: 0, 64, 128, and 192.
2) How many bits did you have to use?
1 bits for 2 networks.
2 bits for 4 networks.
3) What is your subnet mask?
128 = 128 for 2 networks
192+64 = 192 for 4 networks.
4) What is your block-size?
128 for 2 networks.
64 for 4 networks.
5) What are your subnets? From network section.
0+64 = 64
64+64 =128
128+64 = 192
192+64 = 256
6) What are the numbers of hosts and IP ranges? From host section.
2^7-2 = 126 for 2 networks
2^6-1 = 62 for 4 networks
Example:
Basic classfull
1)
2)
3)
4)
5)
6)
44 networks
6 bits
252
4
0,4,8,12252
2
VLSM classless
Start with /26 = 192
1) 4 more subnets
2) 2 bits for 4 more subnet
3) 240 = 192+32+16
4) 16
5) 192,208,224.240
6) 193-206,209-222,225-238,241-254
Page 4 of 4
