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DDL Statement in MYSQL

The document discusses DDL statements in MySQL including how to connect to MySQL, create and manage databases and tables, add, modify and delete columns, rename tables, and describes MySQL data types. Key points covered include how to create databases and tables, connect to databases, view database and table structures, add and modify columns, rename and delete tables. Common MySQL data types such as INT, VARCHAR, DATE, TIMESTAMP are also described.

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Balakrishna Allu
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© Attribution Non-Commercial (BY-NC)
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Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
44 views

DDL Statement in MYSQL

The document discusses DDL statements in MySQL including how to connect to MySQL, create and manage databases and tables, add, modify and delete columns, rename tables, and describes MySQL data types. Key points covered include how to create databases and tables, connect to databases, view database and table structures, add and modify columns, rename and delete tables. Common MySQL data types such as INT, VARCHAR, DATE, TIMESTAMP are also described.

Uploaded by

Balakrishna Allu
Copyright
© Attribution Non-Commercial (BY-NC)
Available Formats
Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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DDL Statement in MySQL

How to connect to MySQL?


$mysqlurootp Enterpassword:root

How to display all available Databases?


mysql>SHOWDATABASES;

How to create a new Database?


Syntax:
mysql>CREATEDATABASE<database_name>;

Example:
mysql>CREATEDATABASEdemo;

How to connect to a particular Database?


Syntax:
mysql>USE<database_name>;OR mysql>CONNECT<database_name>;

Example:
mysql>USEdemo;OR mysql>CONNECTdemo;

How to Know to which Database user is connected?


mysql>SELECTDATABASE()FROMDUAL;

How to display all tables available in a Database?


mysql>SHOWTABLES;

How to create a Table?


mysql>CREATETABLEemployee( empidINT, enameVARCHAR(20), salaryFLOAT(10,2));

How to create a Table by copying the structure and data of an existing Table?
mysql>CREATETABLEstudentASSELECT*FROMemployees;

How to create a Table by copying the structure of an existing Table?


mysql> CREATE TABLE department AS SELECT * FROM student WHERE9=8;

How to Describe the structure of a Table?


mysql>DESCRIBEemployee;OR mysql>DESCemployee;

How to add new Column(s) to an existing Table?


mysql>ALTERTABLEemployee ADDaddressVARCHAR(30); mysql>ALTERTABLEemployee ADDcityVARCHAR(70),ADDphoneINT;

How to Modify structure of existing column(s) of existing Table?


mysql>ALTERTABLEemployee MODIFYaddressVARCHAR(40); mysql>ALTERTABLEemployee MODIFYenameVARCHAR(22),MODIFYcityVARCHAR(22);

How to drop existing column(s) of existing Table:


mysql>ALTERTABLEemployee DROPphone; mysql>ALTERTABLEemployee DROPename,DROPsalary;

How to rename existing column(s) of existing Table?


mysql>ALTERTABLEemployee CHANGEaddressnew_addressVARCHAR(60); mysql>ALTERTABLEemployee CHANGE empid id VARCHAR (100), CHANGE new_address address VARCHAR(100);

How to rename an existing Table(s)?


mysql>RENAMETABLEemployeeTOnew_employee; mysql>RENAMETABLE new_employeeTOemployees, studentTOstudents, departmentTOdepartments;

How to drop existing Table?


mysql>DROPTABLEstudents;

How to Truncate an existing Table?


mysql>TRUNCATETABLEemployees;

Data Types in MYSQL

SMALLINT: A small integer. The signed range is -32768 to 32767. The unsigned range is 0 to 65535.

MEDIUMINT: A medium-sized integer. The signed range is -8388608 to 8388607. The unsigned range is 0 to 16777215.

INT: A normal-size integer. The signed range is -2147483648 to 2147483647. The unsigned range is 0 to 4294967295.

BIGINT:

large

integer.

The

signed

range

is

-9223372036854775808

to

9223372036854775807. The unsigned range is 0 to 18446744073709551615.

FLOAT: A small (single-precision) floating-point number. Permissible values are -3.402823466E+38 to -1.175494351E-38, 0, and 1.175494351E-38 to 3.402823466E+38. These are the theoretical limits, based on the IEEE standard. The actual range might be slightly smaller depending on your hardware or operating system.

DATE: A date. The supported range is '1000-01-01' to '9999-12-31'. MySQL displays DATE values in 'YYYY-MM-DD' format.

TIME : A time. The range is '-838:59:59' to '838:59:59'. MySQL displays TIME values in 'HH:MM:SS' format.

DATETIME: A date and time combination. The supported range is '1000-01-01 00:00:00' to '9999-12-31 23:59:59'. MySQL displays DATETIME values in 'YYYY-MM-DD HH:MM:SS' format.

YEAR[(2|4)]: A year in two-digit or four-digit format. The default is four-digit format. In four-digit format, the permissible values are 1901 to 2155, and 0000. In two-digit format, the permissible values are 70 to 69, representing years from 1970 to 2069. MySQL displays YEAR values in YYYY format.

TIMESTAMP: A timestamp. The range is '1970-01-01 00:00:01' UTC to '2038-01-19 03:14:07' UTC.

The CHAR and VARCHAR Types: The CHAR and VARCHAR types are declared with a length that indicates the maximum number of characters you want to store. For example, CHAR(30) can hold up to 30 characters. The length of a CHAR column is fixed to the length that you declare when you create the

table. The length can be any value from 0 to 255. When CHAR values are stored, they are rightpadded with spaces to the specified length. When CHAR values are retrieved, trailing spaces are removed. Values in VARCHAR columns are variable-length strings. The length can be specified as a value from 0 to 255 before MySQL 5.0.3, and 0 to 65,535 in 5.0.3 and later versions. The effective maximum length of a VARCHAR in MySQL 5.0.3 and later is subject to the maximum row size (65,535 bytes, which is shared among all columns) and the character set used.

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