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This document discusses distributed energy resources (DERs) and microgrids. Chapter 1 introduces factors driving the emergence of DERs, such as deregulation of energy markets, environmental concerns, and reliability issues. It also discusses technical challenges of DER integration and describes microgrid configuration. Chapter 2 discusses microgrid architecture, including energy resources, loads, control systems, and challenges of microgrid operation and interaction with the main grid. Chapter 3 simulates different DER sources like wind turbines, solar photovoltaic arrays, and diesel generators. Chapter 4 presents a centralized energy management system to coordinate DERs in a microgrid and discusses its modeling and results. Finally, chapter 5 summarizes the paper and suggests future research directions.

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mushahid980
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© Attribution Non-Commercial (BY-NC)
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Download as DOC, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
20 views

Contents

This document discusses distributed energy resources (DERs) and microgrids. Chapter 1 introduces factors driving the emergence of DERs, such as deregulation of energy markets, environmental concerns, and reliability issues. It also discusses technical challenges of DER integration and describes microgrid configuration. Chapter 2 discusses microgrid architecture, including energy resources, loads, control systems, and challenges of microgrid operation and interaction with the main grid. Chapter 3 simulates different DER sources like wind turbines, solar photovoltaic arrays, and diesel generators. Chapter 4 presents a centralized energy management system to coordinate DERs in a microgrid and discusses its modeling and results. Finally, chapter 5 summarizes the paper and suggests future research directions.

Uploaded by

mushahid980
Copyright
© Attribution Non-Commercial (BY-NC)
Available Formats
Download as DOC, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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Contents

Abstract

iv

Acknowledgements

vi

Abbreviations and Notations

viii

1 Introduction & Problem account

1.1 Factors Involve in DERs to the Emergence. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

1.1.1

Deregulation of Energy Markets. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4

1.1.2

Green Energy and ecological ap pr eh en s i on . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4

1.1.3

Reliability. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5

1.2 Technical Challenge. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .


1.2.1

Answer . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

1.3 Micro Grid . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

1.3.1

Micro Grid Configuration. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

1.4 Problem Proclamation. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 9


1.5 Software Used. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

10

1.5 Organization of Thesis . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

10

2 Micro Grids
2.1 Micro Grid Architecture:

11
. . .

. . . . . . . . . . . .

. . . . . . . .

2.1.1

Energy Resources. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

2.1.2

Loads. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

13
14
14

2.2 Micro Grid Architecture Control. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .


2.2.1

Micro sources Control. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

2.3 Microgrid Interconnection

. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

2.4 Challenges and Disadvantage of Microgrids


2.5 Management and Operational Issue of Microgrid
2.6 Dynamic Interaction of Microgrid with Main grid
2.6 Summary

. . . . . . . . . . . .

17
14
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17

. . . . . . . . . . . .

17

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. . . . . . . . . . . .

17
17

3 Simulation of DER Sources

3.1 Overview for Renewable Sources. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3


3.2 Wind Source. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
3.2.1

Wind Turbine. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

3.2.2

Models (Wind Turbine). . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

3.2.3

Simulation outcome. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6

6
6

3.3 Solar Source. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5

3.4

3.3.1

Photo voltaic (PV) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

3.3.2

MPPT Algorithms. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

3.3.3

Models (PV Array). . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

3.3.4

Simulation outcome. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6

Generator Sources . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

3.4.1

Diesel Generator . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

3.5

3.4.2

Models (Diesel Generator) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

3.4.3

Simulation outcome. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6

Summary

. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

4 CEMS (Centralized Energy Management System)


4.1 Overview On CEMS. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

1
3

4.2 Benefits of CEMS . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5


4.3

CEMS Modeling

. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

4.3.1

Overview on LabView . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

4.3.2

GUI For CEMS

4.3.2

Results

. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

4.4 Summary On CEMS . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .


5 Conclusion and Future Research
5.1 Summary . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
5.2 Contribution to Literature
5.2 Future Research

Biblography / Refrence List

1
3

. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

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