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Integration of Differential Equations, Revision Notes From A-Level Maths Tutor

Equations with derivatives in them are called 'differential equations'. A '1st. order' differential equation has a first derivative in it, for example dy/dx.

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5K views

Integration of Differential Equations, Revision Notes From A-Level Maths Tutor

Equations with derivatives in them are called 'differential equations'. A '1st. order' differential equation has a first derivative in it, for example dy/dx.

Uploaded by

A-level Maths Tutor
Copyright
© Attribution Non-Commercial (BY-NC)
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
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Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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Integration Pure Maths topic notes

A-level Maths Tutor www.a-levelmathstutor.com [email protected]

Differential Equations

Introduction

All equations with derivatives of a variable w.r.t. another are called 'differential equations'.
A first order differential equation contains a first derivative eg dy/dx.

It might not be appreciated, but ALL integrals are derived from original 'first-order'
differential equations.

Example:

A-level Maths Tutor www.a-levelmathstutor.com [email protected]


Integration Pure Maths topic notes

A-level Maths Tutor www.a-levelmathstutor.com [email protected]

First Order with 'variables separable'

Solution is by collecting all the 'y' terms on one side, all the 'x' terms on the other and
integrating each expression independently.

Example #1

Note how the constant of integration C changes its value.

A-level Maths Tutor www.a-levelmathstutor.com [email protected]


Integration Pure Maths topic notes

A-level Maths Tutor www.a-levelmathstutor.com [email protected]

Example #2

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Integration Pure Maths topic notes

A-level Maths Tutor www.a-levelmathstutor.com [email protected]

First Order 'linear' differential equations

By definition 'linear' differential equation have the form:

Dividing by f(x) to make the coefficient of dy/dx equal to '1', the equation becomes:

(where P and Q are functions of x, and only x)

The key to solving these types of problem is to choose a multiplying factor(sometimes


called an 'integrating factor') to make the LHS of the equation appear like a result from the
Product Rule.

A-level Maths Tutor www.a-levelmathstutor.com [email protected]


Integration Pure Maths topic notes

A-level Maths Tutor www.a-levelmathstutor.com [email protected]

Example

A-level Maths Tutor www.a-levelmathstutor.com [email protected]

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