Lesson 31
Engine EGT
EGT(exhaust gas temperature),TIT(turbine inlet temperature), tailpipe temperature, and turbine discharge temperature are one and the same. Temperature is an engine operating limit and is used to monitor the mechanical integrity of the turbines, as well as to check engine operating conditions. Actually , the turbine inlet temperature is an important consideration, since it is the most critical of all engine variables. However, it is impractical to measure turbine inlet temperature in most engine, especially large models, consequently, temperature thermocouples are inserted at the turbine discharge, where the temperature provides a relative indication of that at the inlet. Although the temperature at this point is much lower than at the inlet, it provides surveillance over the engine's internal operating conditions. Several thermocouples are usually used, which are spaced at intervals
around the perimeter of the engine exhaust duct near the turbine exit.
The EGT indicator in the cockpit shows the average temperature measured by the individual thermocouples. The following example is EGT indicating system for CFM56-7B.
165
The EGT sensing system is located at aerodynamic station 49.5. The sensing system includes eight thermocouple probes, secured on the LPT case, and the probes are immersed in the LPT nozzle stage 2. Each thermocouple produces an electrical output signal proportional to the temperature at the sensing probe. The eight probes are grouped in pairs to make up 4 sectors, numbered 1 to 4 in the clockwise direction ALF. Measurements form the four sectors are sent to the EEC. The two measurements form the right side of the engine (ALF) go to channel A and the two measurements form the left side go to channel B.
The engine electronic control (EEC) supplies the EGT signals to the DEUs to show on the common display system (CDS). The temperature that shows is an average from the eight thermocouples on the engine. EGT Digital Readout and Pointer the EGT digital readout shows EGT in degrees celsius. The digital readout and the box around are usually white. A pointer on a round dial also shows EGT. The dial does not have a scale. A shaded area follows the pointer. The pointer is usually white.
166
The shaded area is usually gray.
These indications change to amber when the EGT is more than the EGT maximum continuous limit, but less than the EGT redline: * EGT digital readout * Box around the digital readout * Pointer * Shaded area. During take-off, the amber band color change is inhibited for five minutes or until completion of take-off, whichever comes first. These indications change to red when the EGT is more than the EGT redline: * EGT digital readout * Box around the digital readout * Pointer * Shaded area.
167
When the exhaust gas temperature goes back to the normal range, the indication color goes to white. When the EEC deenergizes after engine shutdown, the box around the digital readout changes to red if EGT was more than redline during the engine operation. The EEC deenergizes after an engine run, when N2 speed goes less than about 10 percent. When the EEC deenergizes, the digital readout, pointer, and shaded area go blank. The EGT digital readout and box flash during an engine ground start if the EEC sees a possible hot start. This function does not work in flight.
Exercise 32
1. Which statement is not correct? A. The EGT is the most critical of all engine variables. B. EGT is an engine operating limit and is used to monitor the mechanical
168
integrity of the turbines. C. it is impractical to measure turbine inlet temperature in most engine,. D. The EGT is usually monitored by a single thermocouple. 2. How many thermocouples are installed to monitor the EGT on CFM56-7B? A. 8 B. 9 C. 4 D. 2 3. What values can normally be seen on the primary engine display? A.The average of all the thermocouples B.The average of the thermocouple for channel A C.The average of the thermocouple for the active channel D.The highest value of all the thermocouples 4. What color of the EGT digital readout when the EGT is more than the EGT maximum continuous limit within five minutes after takeoff ? A.White B.Amber C.Gray D.Red 5. After an engine shutdown, when the EGT readout goes blank? A. Immediately B. At about 55% N2 C. At about 10% N2 D. At about 10% N1
169
