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PS Vector Analysis

1. The document contains 4 multi-part math problems involving vectors. It finds things like the direction of vectors, unit vectors, dot products, projections, angles, and areas of triangles defined by vectors. 2. One problem involves finding interior angles of a triangle defined by points A, B, and C. Another finds the angle between two vectors RMN and RMP. 3. A third problem finds the vector projection of RAB + RBC onto two other vectors, RAD and RDC. 4. The final problem finds unit vectors perpendicular to given vectors, and the area of a triangle defined by vectors r1, r2, and r3.

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Ashner Novilla
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© Attribution Non-Commercial (BY-NC)
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558 views

PS Vector Analysis

1. The document contains 4 multi-part math problems involving vectors. It finds things like the direction of vectors, unit vectors, dot products, projections, angles, and areas of triangles defined by vectors. 2. One problem involves finding interior angles of a triangle defined by points A, B, and C. Another finds the angle between two vectors RMN and RMP. 3. A third problem finds the vector projection of RAB + RBC onto two other vectors, RAD and RDC. 4. The final problem finds unit vectors perpendicular to given vectors, and the area of a triangle defined by vectors r1, r2, and r3.

Uploaded by

Ashner Novilla
Copyright
© Attribution Non-Commercial (BY-NC)
Available Formats
Download as DOCX, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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1.

Given the vectors M = 11ax + 5ay 9az and N = 9ax + 8ay 3az, find:
a) a unit vector in the direction of M+ 2N and b) |M||2N|(M+ N).
Solution
a) a unit vector in the direction of M+ 2N.
M+ 2N = 11ax 5ay + 9az + 18ax + 16ay 6az = (29, 11, 3)

a=

= (0.931, 0.353, 0.096)

b) |M||2N|(M+ N):
|(11, 5,9)||(18, 16,6)|(2, 13,10) = (15.067)(24.819)(2, 13,10)
= (747.896, 4861.322,3739.479)

2.
Given three points, A(4, 3, 2), B(2, 0, 5), and C(7,2, 1): a) Specify the vector A
extending from the origin to the point A, b) Give a unit vector extending from the origin
to the midpoint of line AB, and c) Calculate the length of the perimeter of triangle ABC:
Solution
a) Specify the vector A extending from the origin to the point A.
A = (4, 3, 2) = 4ax + 3ay + 2az
b) Give a unit vector extending from the origin to the midpoint of line AB.
The vector from the origin to the midpoint is given by
M = (1/2)(A + B) = (1/2)(4 2, 3 + 0, 2 + 5) = (1, 1.5, 3.5)
The unit vector will be

m=

= (0.254, 0.381, 0.889)

c) Calculate the length of the perimeter of triangle ABC:


Begin with AB = (6,3, 3), BC = (9,2,4), CA = (3,5,1).
Then
|AB| + |BC| + |CA| = 7.348 + 10.050 + 5.916 = 23.314

3.

Given points A(8,5, 4) and B(2, 3, 2), find: a) the distance from A to B,
b) a unit vector directed from A towards B. This is found through, and c) a unit vector
directed from the origin to the midpoint of the line AB.
Solution
a) the distance from A to B.
|B A| = |(10, 8,2)| = 12.961
b) a unit vector directed from A towards B. This is found through

aAB =

= (0.771, 0.617,0.154)

c) a unit vector directed from the origin to the midpoint of the line AB.

a0M =

4.

(0.688,0.229, 0.688)

A vector field is specified as G = 24xyax + 12(x2 + 2)ay + 18z2az. Given two points, P(1,
2,1) and Q(2, 1, 3), find: a) G at P, b) a unit vector in the direction of G at Q, a unit
vector directed from Q toward P, and d) the equation of the surface on which |G|
Solution
a) G at P: G(1, 2,1) = (48, 36, 18)
b) a unit vector in the direction of G at Q: G(2, 1, 3) = (48, 72, 162), so

aG =

= (0.262, 0.393, 0.884)

c) a unit vector directed from Q toward P:

aQP =

= (0.588, 0.196,0.784)

d) the equation of the surface on which |G| = 60: We write 60 = |(24xy, 12(x 2 + 2),
18z2)|, or 10 = |(4xy, 2x2 + 4, 3z2)|, so the equation is
100 = 16x2y2 + 4x4 + 16x2 + 16 + 9z4

1.

Use the definition of the dot product to find the interior angles at A and B of the
triangle defined by the three points A(1, 3,2), B(2, 4, 5), and C(0,2, 1):
Solution
a) Use RAB = (3, 1, 7) and RAC = (1,5, 3) to form RAB RAC = |RAB||RAC| cos A.
Obtain 3 + 5 + 21 = 59 35 cos A. Solve to find A = 65.300.

b) Use RBA = (3,1,7) and RBC = (2,6,4) to form RBA RBC = |RBA||RBC| cos B.
Obtain
6 + 6 + 28 = 59 56 cos B. Solve to find B = 45.895.

2.

Given the points M(0.1,0.2,0.1), N(0.2, 0.1, 0.3), and P(0.4, 0, 0.1), find: a) the
vector RMN: RMN, b) the dot product RMN RMP, c) the scalar projection of RMN on RMP, and
d) the angle between RMN and RMP
Solution
a) RMN = (0.2, 0.1, 0.3) (0.1,0.2,0.1) = (0.3, 0.3, 0.4).
b) RMP = (0.4, 0, 0.1) (0.1,0.2,0.1) = (0.3, 0.2, 0.2).
RMN RMP = (0.3, 0.3, 0.4) (0.3, 0.2, 0.2) = 0.09 + 0.06 + 0.08 = 0.05.
c) RMN aRMP = (0.3, 0.3, 0.4)

d) M = cos1

3.

) = cos1 (

= 0.05 0.17 = 0.121

) = 77.996

Given points A(10, 12,6), B(16, 8,2), C(8, 1,4), and D(2,5, 8), determine: a) the
vector projection of RAB + RBC on RAD, and b) the vector projection of RAB +RBC on RDC,
Solution
a) the vector projection of RAB + RBC on RAD: RAB + RBC = RAC
= (8, 1, 4) - (10, 12,-6) = (-2,-11, 10) Then RAD = (-2,-5, 8) - (10, 12,-6)
= (-12,-17, 14). So the projection will be:
(RAC aRAD) aRAD = [ (-2, -11, 10 )

= (6.7,9.5, 7.8)
b) the vector projection of RAB +RBC on RDC : RDC = (8,1, 4)(2,5, 8) = (10, 6,4). The
projection is:
(RAC aRDC)aRDC = [ (2,11, 10)

= (8.3,5.0, 3.3)

= the

angle between RDA and RDC: Use RDA = RAD = (12, 17,14) and RDC = (10, 6,4). The
angle is found through the dot product of the associated unit vectors, or: D =
cos1(aRDA aRDC) = cos1 (

4.

) = 26

Three vectors extending from the origin are given as r1 =(7,3,2),r2 =(2,7,3), andr3
=(0,2,3). Find: a) a unit vector perpendicular to both r1and r2

, b) a unit vector

perpendicular to the vectors r1r2 and r2r3, and c) the area of the triangle defined by
the heads of r1, r2, and r3.
Solution
a) ap12 =

= (0.083,0.413,0.908)

b) r1r2=(9,4,1) and r2r3 = (2,5,6). So r1r2r2r3= (19, 52, 32). Then


ap =

= (0.297,0.813,0.500)

c) Area = |(r2r1)(r2r3)|= |(9,4,1)(2,5,6)|=32.0

5. (Shaums)
If A = 2ax 3ay az and B = ax + 4ay 2az, find a) A X B, and b) (A + B) X (A-B)

Solution
a) A X B = (2ax 3ay az) X (ax + 4ay 2az)
-3

-1

-2

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