PROBLEM 13.

155
The coefficient of restitution between the two collars is known to be 0.70. Determine (a) their velocities after impact, (b) the energy loss during impact.

SOLUTION
Impulse-momentum principle (collars A and B):
mv1 + Imp12 = mv 2

Horizontal components Using data, or

: m A v A + mB vB = mA v + mB vB A (5)(1) + (3)( 1.5) = 5v + 3vB A 5v + 3vB = 0.5 A

(1)

Apply coefficient of restitution.

vB v = e( v A v B ) A vB v = 0.70[1 ( 0.5)] A vB v = 1.75 A

(2)

(a)

Solving Eqs. (1) and (2) simultaneously for the velocities,

v = 0.59375 m/s A vB = 1.15625 m/s
v A = 0.594 m/s v B = 1.156 m/s

Kinetic energies: T1 =

1 1 1 1 2 m Av 2 + mB vB = (5)(1)2 + (3)(1.5)2 = 5.875 J A 2 2 2 2 1 1 1 1 T2 = m A (v )2 + mB (vB )2 = (5)( 0.59375) 2 + (3)(1.15625) 2 = 2.8867 J A 2 2 2 2 T1 T2 = 2.99 J

(b)

Energy loss:

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PROBLEM 13.160
Two identical cars A and B are at rest on a loading dock with brakes released. Car C, of a slightly different style but of the same weight, has been pushed by dockworkers and hits car B with a velocity of 1.5 m/s. Knowing that the coefficient of restitution is 0.8 between B and C and 0.5 between A and B, determine the velocity of each car after all collisions have taken place.

SOLUTION
m A = mB = mC = m

Collision between B and C: The total momentum is conserved:

mvB + mvC = mvB + mvC vB + vC = 0 + 1.5

(1)

Relative velocities:
(vB vC )(eBC ) = (vC vB ) (1.5)(0.8) = (vC vB ) 1.2 = vC vB

(2)

Solving (1) and (2) simultaneously,

vB = 1.35 m/s vC = 0.15 m/s Since vB > vC , car B collides with car A.
v = 0.150 m/s C

Collision between A and B:

mv + mvB = mv A + mvB A v + vB = 0 + 1.35 A

(3)

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PROBLEM 13.160 (Continued)

Relative velocities:
(v A vB )eAB = (vB v ) A (0 1.35)(0.5) = vB v A v vB = 0.675 A

(4)

Solving (3) and (4) simultaneously,

2v = 1.35 + 0.675 A
vA = 1.013 m/s v = 0.338 m/s B

Since vC < vB < v , there are no further collisions. A

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PROBLEM 13.166
A 600-g ball A is moving with a velocity of magnitude 6 m/s when it is hit as shown by a 1-kg ball B which has a velocity of magnitude 4 m/s. Knowing that the coefficient of restitution is 0.8 and assuming no friction, determine the velocity of each ball after impact.

SOLUTION

Before
v A = 6 m/s

After

(v A ) n = (6)(cos 40) = 4.596 m/s (v A )t = 6(sin 40) = 3.857 m/s vB = (vB ) n = 4 m/s (vB )t = 0

t-direction: Total momentum conserved:

m A(v A )t + mB (vB )t = mA (vB )t + mB (vB )t (0.6 kg)( 3.857 m/s) + 0 = (0.6 kg)(v )t + (1 kg)(vB )t A 2.314 m/s = 0.6 (v )t + (vB )t A

(1)

Ball A alone: Momentum conserved:

m A (v A )t = mA (v )t 3.857 = (v )t A A (v )t = 3.857 m/s A

(2)

Replacing (v )t in (2) in Eq. (1) A

2.314 = (0.6)(3.857) + (vB )t 2.314 = 2.314 + (vB )t ( vB ) t = 0

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PROBLEM 13.166 (Continued)

n-direction: Relative velocities:

[(v A ) n (vB ) n ]e = (vB )n (v )n A [(4.596) (4)](0.8) = (vB )n (v )n A 6.877 = (vB )n (v )n A

(3)

Total momentum conserved:

m A (v A ) n + mB (vB ) n = m A (v ) n + mB (vB ) n A (0.6 kg)(4.596 m/s) + (1 kg)( 4 m/s) = (1 kg)(vB ) n + (0.6 kg)(v ) n A 1.2424 = (vB ) n + 0.6(v ) n A

(4)

Solving Eqs. (4) and (3) simultaneously,

(v )n = 5.075 m/s A (vB )n = 1.802 m/s

Velocity of A:
tan = = |(v A )t | |(v A ) n |

3.857 5.075 = 37.2 = 6.37 m/s

+ 40 = 77.2

v = (3.857) 2 + (5.075) 2 A
vA = 6.37 m/s

77.2 40

Velocity of B:

v = 1.802 m/s B

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PROBLEM 13.171
A girl throws a ball at an inclined wall from a height of 3 ft, hitting the wall at A with a horizontal velocity v 0 of magnitude 25 ft/s. Knowing that the coefficient of restitution between the ball and the wall is 0.9 and neglecting friction, determine the distance d from the foot of the wall to the Point B where the ball will hit the ground after bouncing off the wall.

SOLUTION

Momentum in t direction is conserved

mv sin 30 = mv t (25)(sin 30) = v t v = 12.5 ft/s t

Coefficient of restitution in n-direction

(v cos 30)e = v n (25)(cos 30)(0.9) = v n v = 19.49 ft/s n

Write v in terms of x and y components

(v )0 = v (cos 30) vt (sin 30) = 19.49(cos 30) 12.5(sin 30) x n = 10.63 ft/s (vy )0 = vn (sin 30) + vt (cos 30) = 19.49(sin 30) + 12.5(cos 30) = 20.57 ft/s
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PROBLEM 13.171 (Continued)

Projectile motion
y = y0 + (vy )0 t 1 2 t2 gt = 3 ft + (20.57 ft/s)t (32.2 ft/s 2 ) 2 2 t B = 1.4098 s xB = 14.986 ft

At B,

2 y = 0 = 3 + 20.57t B 16.1tB ;

xB = x0 + (v )0 tB = 0 + 10.63(1.4098); x

d = xB 3cot 60 = (14.986 ft) (3 ft) cot 60 = 13.254 ft d = 13.25 ft

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PROBLEM 13.178
Blocks A and B each weigh 0.8 lb and block C weighs 2.4 lb. The coefficient of friction between the blocks and the plane is k = 0.30. Initially block A is moving at a speed v0 = 15 ft/s and blocks B and C are at rest (Fig. 1). After A strikes B and B strikes C, all three blocks come to a stop in the positions shown (Fig. 2). Determine (a) the coefficients of restitution between A and B and between B and C, (b) the displacement x of block C.

SOLUTION
(a) Work and energy Velocity of A just before impact with B:
T1 = 1 WA 2 v0 2 g T2 = 1 WA 2 vA 2 g

( )

U1 2 = k WA (1 ft) T1 + U1 2 = T2 1 WA 2 1 WA 2 v0 k WA (1) = vA 2 g 2 g

( )

2 2 (v A )2 = v0 2k g = (15 ft/s)2 2(0.3)(32.2 ft/s 2 )(1 ft) 2 (v A )2 = 205.68 ft/s 2 ,

(v A ) 2 = 14.342 ft/s (v ) 2 A

Velocity of A after impact with B:

T2 = U 23 1 WA 2 (v ) 2 T3 = 0 A 2 g = k WA (3/12)

T2 + U 23 = T3 ,

1 WA (v ) 2 ( k )(WA /4) = 0 A 2 2 g 1 ft = 4.83 ft 2 /s 2 4

(v )2 = 2(0.3)(32.2 ft/s 2 ) A 2 (v )2 = 2.198 ft/s A

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PROBLEM 13.178 (Continued)

Conservation of momentum as A hits B:

(v A )2 = 14.342 ft/s (v )2 = 2.198 ft/s A m A (v A ) 2 + mB vB = mB (v ) 2 + mB vB mA = mB A vB = 12.144 ft/s 14.342 + 0 = 2.198 + vB

Relative velocities A and B:

[(v A )2 vB ]eAB = vB (v )2 A (14.342 0)eAB = 12.144 2.198
eAB = 0.694

Work and energy. Velocity of B just before impact with C:

W 1 WB 2 (vB ) 2 = B (12.144) 2 2 g 2g W 1 WB 2 2 ( v B ) 4 = B ( vB ) 4 T4 = 2 g 2g (vB ) = 12.144 ft/s U 2 4 = k WB (1 ft) = (0.3) WB T2 = F f = k WB (vB )4 = 11.321 ft/s T2 + U 2 4 = T4 , (v ) 2 (12.144)2 0.3 = B 4 2g 2g

Conservation of momentum as B hits C:

0.8 g 2.4 mC = g mB = (vB )4 = 11.321 ft/s mB (vB ) 4 + mC vC = mB (vB ) 4 + mC vC 0.8 0.8 (2.4) (11.321) + 0 = ( vB ) 4 + (vC ) g g g 11.321 = (vB ) 4 + 3vC

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PROBLEM 13.178 (Continued)

Velocity of B after B hits C ,(vB ) 4 = 0.

(Compare Figures (1) and (2).)

vC = 3.774 ft/s

Relative velocities B and C:

((vB ) 4 vC )eBC = vC (vB ) 4 (11.321 0)eBC = 3.774 0 eBC = 0.333

(b)

Work and energy, Block C:

T4 = T4 + U 45 1 WC (vC )2 T5 = 0 U 45 = kWC ( x) 2 g 1 WC (3.774) 2 (0.3) WC ( x) = 0 = T5 2 g (3.774) 2 = 0.737 ft 2(32.2)(0.3) x = 8.84 in.

x=

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PROBLEM 13.186
A 70 g ball B dropped from a height h0 = 1.5 m reaches a height h2 = 0.25 m after bouncing twice from identical 210-g plates. Plate A rests directly on hard ground, while plate C rests on a foam-rubber mat. Determine (a) the coefficient of restitution between the ball and the plates, (b) the height h1 of the balls first bounce.

SOLUTION
(a) Plate on hard ground (first rebound): Conservation of energy:
1 1 1 2 2 mB v 2 + mB v0 = mB gh0 + mB vx y 2 2 2 v0 = 2 gh0

Relative velocities., n-direction:

v0 e = v1 v1 = e 2 gh0

t-direction Plate on foam rubber support at C.

vBx = vBx

Conservation of energy: Points and :

V1 = V3 = 0 1 1 1 1 2 mB (vBx ) 2 mB v1 = mB (v3 )2 + mB (vBx )2 B 2 2 2 2 (v3 ) B = e 2 gh0

Conservation of momentum: At :
mB ( v3 ) B + mP vP = mB (v3 ) B mP vP mP 210 = =3 mB 70 e 2 gh0 = (v3 ) B 3vP

(1)

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PROBLEM 13.186 (Continued)

Relative velocities:
[( v3 ) B (vP )]e = vP (v3 ) B e2 2 gh0 + 0 = vP + (v3 ) B

(2)

Multiplying (2) by 3 and adding to (1)

4(v3 ) B = 2 gh0 (3e2 e)

Conservation of energy at Thus,

(v3 ) B = 2 gh2 4 2 gh2 = 2 gh0 (3e2 e) 3e 2 e = 4 3e2 e 1.633 = 0 h2 0.25 =4 = 1.63299 h0 1.5 e = 0.923

(b)

Points

and

Conservation of energy.
1 1 1 mB (vBx )2 + mB v12 = mB (vBx ) 2 ; 2 2 2 1 2 e (2 gh0 ) = gh1 2

h1 = e2 h0 = (0.923) 2 (1.5) h1 = 1.278 m

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