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Temperature Control With SCR

This document discusses temperature control of resistive loads using thyristors and SCR power controllers. It describes connecting two thyristors in inverse-parallel to control higher power loads. Synchronous control of SCRs provides lower noise and surge currents into loads. The document then details a specific implementation using four thyristors to control the current in two lines of a three-phase delta resistive load. Calculations are shown for sizing the thyristors and heat sinks based on the load current and required junction temperature. A motorcycle cylinder head heat sink with added blower was used to successfully maintain thyristor temperatures below 55°C.

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Roberto Fernandez
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3K views

Temperature Control With SCR

This document discusses temperature control of resistive loads using thyristors and SCR power controllers. It describes connecting two thyristors in inverse-parallel to control higher power loads. Synchronous control of SCRs provides lower noise and surge currents into loads. The document then details a specific implementation using four thyristors to control the current in two lines of a three-phase delta resistive load. Calculations are shown for sizing the thyristors and heat sinks based on the load current and required junction temperature. A motorcycle cylinder head heat sink with added blower was used to successfully maintain thyristor temperatures below 55°C.

Uploaded by

Roberto Fernandez
Copyright
© Attribution Non-Commercial (BY-NC)
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as DOC, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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Temperature Control with SCR.

Roberto Fernandez, Telecommunication engineer. In high power A.C. applications, the use of thyristors and triacs to control resistive loads is very common. However, sometimes it is not possible to control these loads through a triac since their current rating may not be enough to cover the rating needed by the load. In these cases, it is recommended to connect two thyristors in inverse parallel form since this arrangement allows driving bigger level of power as shown in Fig. 2. The power delivered to a load may be regulated by SCR power controllers using either the zero-cross (synchronous) voltage switching or the phase-angle (asynchronous) control mode. Synchronous control mode of SCRs not only insures lower generated noise (EMI) and surge currents into resistive loads but it also provides high noise immunity for the detection circuit. Three phase loads can be controlled in line or in phase, in all the lines or phases or in two lines or phases. In our case, we used the in - line control of two lines of a balanced delta resistive load, according to assembly criterions, in spite of the line current is bigger than the phase current, the third line was connected directly as shown in Figure 1.

Figure 1.- Electric Schematic Diagram of the system. At first, the temperature controller was working with contactors but the controller uses a PID fuzzy algorithm, this situation lead to a very frequent commutation when the process value is near to the set point and, because of that, the contactors often were broken down. A solid state switching was the solution of this problem. To solve this situation, we got 4 thyristors SKT100 and two ASPF240D3. The phase current of the delta circuit is:

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I phase =

U phase R

220 = 44 A 5

the line current under control is: I line = I phase 3 = 44 3 = 76 A

Fig.2.- Power Block. Bearing in mind that current through thyristors is half wave, then the value will be i (t ) = where I pick = I RMS 2 = 76 2 = 107 A the mean value of the current through a thyristor is: I TAV = I pick = 107 = 34 A 2 1 1 1 I pick ( + cos t + cos 2t cos 4t........) 2 4 3 15

the RMS value of the current through a thyristors is:

I TRMS =

I pick 0.707 I TAV = = 38 A 0.637 2 2


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Voltage in ON state between cathode and anode of thyristor SKT100 is 1.75 V therefore the maximum power dissipated is: PD = I TRMS VT = 38 * 1.75 = 66.5W The maximum junction temperature of this thyristor T j is 130 C. In order to calculate the heat sink thermal resistance T j = 70 C. The thermal resistance of the heat sink may be calculated by using the next equation: T j = PD ( RJC + RCS + RSA ) + T A where T j junction temperature, PD power dissipation RJC semiconductor thermal resistance (junction to case) RCS interface thermal resistance (case to heat sink) RSA heat sink thermal resistance (heat sink to ambient) T A ambient temperature for this thyristor RJC = 0.31 C / W and RCS = 0 because there is not interface. Then RSA = TJ T A 70 30 RJC = 0.31 = 0.29 C / W PD 66.5

To achieve this value, a aluminum heat sink of a cylinder head of a motorcycle was used and a blower was added. Thyristors were assembled directly using heat sink compound to increase the temperature transference. The system is working very well; the maximum temperature reached by thyristors is less than 55 C. This solution is a first step to prove this idea in order to use this circuit to drive bigger currents. ISIS and ARES programs of PROTEUS v6.6 was used to design some printed circuits and to do a simulation of some parts.

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