Name-Saami Bin Moinuddin

Std ID-16827181

300070 Electrical Drives

Lab 2: Speed Control of DC Shunt Motors
Aim: To investigate the speed control of DC shunt motors
Equipment: DC motor
DC generator
DC power supply
Multimeters (x5)
Tachometer
Load
Theory: In this report experiments has been taken to investigate the speed control methods of
DC shunt motors.
The speed of DC shunt motor is given as follows:

E
V I a Ra
=
K
K

There are three methods to implement in controlling the speed of DC shunt motors.
They are:

Armature resistance control

Shunt field current control
Armature terminal voltage control

In general DC machines can be operated as a generator or as a motor. When a DC motor is

running, other than operating as a motor it also acts as a generator and generates a counter
voltage which opposes the armature current. The counter voltage E is a function of speed and
magnetic field (excitation current).
In a DC shunt machine the field coil is connected to the supply in parallel to the armature. With a
constant supply voltage the field current stays constant as well. The speed therefore is
proportional to the voltage Vt.
With an increasing load the current increases and voltage decreases. Therefore the speed slightly
decreases with an increasing load.
The resistance either in the armature or in the exciter circuit achieves a speed control.

Saami Bin Moinuddin - 16827181

Page 1

Name-Saami Bin Moinuddin

Std ID-16827181
Procedure:
The motor was connected to the DC power supply and coupled with a DC generator (the load).

RL

DC Generator

DC Motor

DC Power Supply

Im
Vm
Pinm

DC
Motor

Vg
Ig

Fig. 1 The circuit of the drive system

The DC generator was connected as the load of the motor. The generator was loaded with a
variable resistance which was varied from 100 at low load currents to 33 at high load
currents.
Measured Parameters:
R-a = 4.9
R-f = 11.5
R-s = 3.2
Rotational Loss of the coupled motor taken from Lab 1:
V-t = 24 V
I-L = 3.05 A

I-a = (I-L) (I-f)

= (3.05) (2.09)
= 0.96 A

P-r = {(V-t x I-L) ((I-a^2xR-a) + (I-f^2xR-f))}/2

= {(24 x 3.05) ((0.96^2x4.9) + (2.09^2x11.5))}/2
= 18.45/2
= 9.2 W
P-r avg = (13.63 + 9.2)
= 11.42 W

Saami Bin Moinuddin - 16827181

Page 2

Name-Saami Bin Moinuddin

Std ID-16827181

Part 1: DC Shunt Motor

Experiment 1:
DC shunt motor speed control by changing the voltage in the armature circuit
Table 1.1: V = 24v
Vm,
volts

Ig,
amps
24
24
24
24
24
24
24
24
24
24
24
24
24
24

0
0.18
0.43
0.62
0.86
1.1
1.4
1.63
1.9
2.29
2.46
2.65
2.9
3.17

Vg,
volts
20
18.6
17
15.7
14.05
12.5
10.65
9.1
7.8
5.45
4.44
3.3
1.87
0.38

Im,
amps
2.74
2.9
3.14
3.33
3.56
3.8
4.11
4.37
4.62
5.02
5.2
5.35
5.59
5.84

n, rpm
1360
1306
1248
1197
1134
1069
990
933
877.8
777.2
740
687
625
562.7

T, N.m
0.461737
0.508906
0.576631
0.637577
0.719481
0.814683
0.951457
1.073451
1.206227
1.480313
1.610476
1.784759
2.049814
2.378584

w, r/sec
142.4189
136.764
130.6903
125.3495
118.7522
111.9454
103.6726
97.70353
91.923
81.38819
77.49262
71.94247
65.44985
58.92581

Vg,
volts
19.9
18.6
17.98
17.4
16.64
15
13.5
11.9
10
9
8
7
6
4.9
3.5
2
1.2
0.4

Im,
amps
2.6
2.8
2.88
3
3.13
3.42
3.72
4.08
4.48
4.7
4.89
5.16
5.32
5.55
5.82
6.13
6.25
6.37

n, rpm
1343
1299
1279
1266
1234
1179
1126
1068
1005
966
926
889
848
808
761.7
705
673
636

T, N.m
0.406716
0.452838
0.47306
0.497831
0.532872
0.609405
0.694063
0.80257
0.936496
1.02215
1.10941
1.219388
1.317983
1.443031
1.605215
1.826692
1.951008
2.104148

w, r/sec
140.6386
136.031
133.9366
132.5752
129.2242
123.4646
117.9144
111.8407
105.2434
101.1593
96.97049
93.09586
88.80235
84.61356
79.76504
73.82743
70.4764
66.60176

Table 1.2: V = 22v

Vm,
volts

Ig,
amps
22
22
22
22
22
22
22
22
22
22
22
22
22
22
22
22
22
22

0
0.18
0.27
0.37
0.5
0.78
1.05
1.36
1.72
1.92
2.1
2.32
2.5
2.7
2.96
3.26
3.4
3.53

Saami Bin Moinuddin - 16827181

Page 3

Name-Saami Bin Moinuddin

Std ID-16827181

Table 1.3: V = 20v

Vm,
volts

Ig,
amps
20
20
20
20
20
20
20
20
20
20
20
20
20

0
0.17
0.4
0.64
0.92
1.27
1.5
1.76
2.07
2.41
2.63
2.88
3.16

Vg,
volts
18.2
17
15.6
14.1
12.45
10.5
9.25
7.85
6.2
4.4
3.2
1.9
0.45

Im,
amps
2.38
2.57
2.81
3.08
3.39
3.78
4.04
4.34
4.68
5.06
5.29
5.57
5.87

n, rpm
1261
1220
1167
1114
1050
976.2
927.7
873.2
807.9
738
691.7
636
579

T, N.m
0.360465
0.402323
0.459872
0.52804
0.616612
0.739528
0.831716
0.949243
1.106343
1.30947
1.460627
1.672628
1.936248

w, r/sec
132.0516
127.7581
122.208
116.6578
109.9557
102.2274
97.14852
91.44129
84.60309
77.28318
72.43465
66.60176
60.63274

Graph 1:
Speed Control via Armature Circuit Voltage
180
160
140

Speed, rad/sec

120
24v

100

22v
80

20v

60
40
20
0
0

0.5

1.5

2.5

Torque, N.m

Saami Bin Moinuddin - 16827181

Page 4

Name-Saami Bin Moinuddin

Std ID-16827181

Experiment 2:
DC shunt motor speed control by changing the resistance in the armature circuit ( adding an extra
resistance in series with the armature resistance)
Table 2.1: R-add = R-a = 4.9 from Lab 1
Im (A)
Ig (A)
Vg (V)
24
1.78
0
18.26
24
1.92
0.15
15.87
24
1.97
0.2
15.1
24
2
0.25
14.5
24
2.04
0.3
14
24
2.09
0.35
13.27
24
2.13
0.4
12.75
24
2.17
0.45
12.14
24
2.21
0.5
11.6
24
2.25
0.55
11.13
24
2.28
0.6
10.5
24
2.33
0.65
10
24
2.36
0.7
9.7
24
2.4
0.75
8.9
24
2.4
0.8
8.67
24
2.47
0.85
8.23
24
2.54
0.9
7.5
24
2.58
0.95
7.1
24
2.64
1
6.6
24
2.6
1.1
5.7
24
2.67
1.2
5
24
2.74
1.3
4
24
2.79
1.4
3.3
24
2.86
1.5
2.5
24
2.93
1.6
1.7
24
2.98
1.7
1.1
24
3.02
1.8
0.5
Vm (V)

Saami Bin Moinuddin - 16827181

N (rpm)
1469
1312
1269
1234
1193
1151
1113
1074
1044
1008
975.6
951.2
923.5
855
856.4
812
770.8
739.1
711.1
680
633.7
575.6
535
492
440
411
376

T (N.m)
0.277703
0.33539
0.355785
0.371448
0.391897
0.416154
0.438598
0.463061
0.485148
0.511569
0.535606
0.561393
0.585676
0.643321
0.642269
0.697146
0.755222
0.800017
0.856856
0.876288
0.965629
1.090969
1.195179
1.332243
1.526151
1.661717
1.840779

W (rad/s)
153.8333
137.3923
132.8894
129.2242
124.9307
120.5324
116.5531
112.469
109.3274
105.5575
102.1646
99.60943
96.70869
89.53539
89.682
85.03244
80.71799
77.39837
74.46622
71.20943
66.36091
60.27669
56.02507
51.52212
46.07609
43.03982
39.37463

Page 5

Name-Saami Bin Moinuddin

Std ID-16827181

Table 2.2: R-add = R-a/2 = 2.4

Vm,
volts

Ig,
amps
24
24
24
24
24
24
24
24
24
24
24
24

0
0.17
0.27
0.54
0.77
1.06
1.26
1.46
1.78
1.9
2.19
2.35

Vg,
volts
18.2
16.7
15.8
13.57
11.8
9.6
8.1
6.5
4.3
3.45
1.4
0.32

Im,
amps
2.65
2.8
2.9
3.16
3.4
3.65
3.84
4.05
4.35
4.44
4.73
4.89

n, rpm
1260
1190
1156
1057
968
860
783.4
710.4
600
557
461.5
406

T, N.m
0.482012113
0.539254395
0.574940348
0.685164289
0.804982026
0.972695792
1.123389295
1.306576053
1.661577606
1.826881587
2.348940733
2.760358245

w, r/sec
131.9468915
124.6165086
121.0560369
110.6887812
101.368723
90.0589894
82.03745616
74.39291404
62.83185307
58.3289036
48.32816699
42.51622058

Table 2.3: R-add = R-a/4 = 1.2

Vm,
Ig,
Vg,
Im,
volts
amps
volts
amps
n, rpm T, N.m
w, r/sec
24
0
20
2.74
1360 0.461737 142.4189
24
0.18
18.6
2.9
1306 0.508906
136.764
24
0.43
17
3.14
1248 0.576631 130.6903
24
0.62
15.7
3.33
1197 0.637577 125.3495
24
0.86
14.05
3.56
1134 0.719481 118.7522
24
1.1
12.5
3.8
1069 0.814683 111.9454
24
1.4
10.65
4.11
990 0.951457 103.6726
24
1.63
9.1
4.37
933 1.073451 97.70353
24
1.9
7.8
4.62
877.8 1.206227
91.923
24
2.29
5.45
5.02
777.2 1.480313 81.38819
24
2.46
4.44
5.2
740 1.610476 77.49262
24
2.65
3.3
5.35
687 1.784759 71.94247
24
2.9
1.87
5.59
625 2.049814 65.44985
24
3.17
0.38
5.84
562.7 2.378584 58.92581

Saami Bin Moinuddin - 16827181

Page 6

Name-Saami Bin Moinuddin

Std ID-16827181

Graph 2:

S p e e d C o n tro l v ia a n e x tra R e s is ta n c e in th e A rm a tu re C irc u it

18 0
16 0
14 0

Speed, rad/sec

12 0
R -add = R -a

10 0

R -add = R -a/2

80

R -add = R -a/4

60
40
20
0
0

0.5

1 .5

2 .5

T o rq u e , N .m

Saami Bin Moinuddin - 16827181

Page 7

Name-Saami Bin Moinuddin

Std ID-16827181

Experiment 3:
DC shunt motor speed control by changing the resistance in the field circuit (adding an extra
resistance in series with the field resistance)
Table 3.1: R-add = R-f = 11.5 from Lab 1
Im (A)
Ig (A)
Vg (V)
24
3.5
0
18.9
24
3.6
0.16
17.93
24
3.5
0.2
17.63
24
3.56
0.25
17.35
24
3.58
0.3
17.05
24
3.62
0.35
16.8
24
3.66
0.4
16.45
24
3.7
0.45
16.25
24
3.74
0.5
15.8
24
3.79
0.55
15.6
24
3.82
0.6
15.45
24
3.87
0.65
15
24
3.91
0.7
14.75
24
3.94
0.75
14.3
24
3.99
0.8
14
24
4.01
0.85
13.75
24
4.07
0.9
13.5
24
4.11
0.95
13.1
24
4.14
1
12.9
24
4.28
1.1
12.6
24
4.38
1.2
11.9
24
4.44
1.3
11.5
24
4.53
1.4
10.9
24
4.58
1.5
10.5
24
4.78
1.7
9.6
24
4.87
1.9
8.5
24
5.15
2.13
7.4
24
5.5
2.5
5.75
24
5.82
2.80
4.16
24
5.86
2.93
3.5
24
5.96
3
2.8
24
6.08
3.2
6.08
24
6.4
3.5
6.4
Vm (V)

Saami Bin Moinuddin - 16827181

N (rpm)
1481
1446
1431
1431
1429
1421
1409
1397
1386
1379
1377
1370
1359
1350
1340
1321
1312
1299
1290
1264
1245
1232
1200
1193
1164
1122
1070
1012
930
936
897
868.5
800

T (N.m)
0.541621
0.57058
0.560546
0.570155
0.574161
0.583844
0.595323
0.606999
0.618431
0.62988
0.635788
0.6474
0.659386
0.668875
0.682418
0.695703
0.710957
0.725129
0.735518
0.776031
0.806283
0.825952
0.865166
0.879848
0.941147
1.015187
1.103078
1.24556
1.434243
1.434843
1.522777
1.604414
1.833465

W (rad/s)
155.09
151.4248
149.854
149.854
149.6445
148.8068
147.5501
146.2935
145.1461
144.4085
144.1991
143.4661
142.3141
141.3717
140.3245
138.3348
137.3923
136.031
135.0885
132.3658
130.3761
129.0147
125.6637
124.9307
121.8938
117.4956
112.0501
105.9764
97.38937
98.01769
93.93362
90.94911
83.7758

Page 8

Name-Saami Bin Moinuddin

Std ID-16827181

Table 3.2: R-add = R-f/3 = 3.8

Vm,
volts

Ig,
amps
24
24
24
24
24
24
24
24
24
24
24
24

0
0.21
0.68
0.95
1.41
1.94
2.3
2.56
2.86
3.11
3.4
3.5

Vg,
volts
22.2
20.7
17.5
15.65
12.83
9.73
7.6
6.1
4.4
2.2
1.26
0.42

Im,
amps
2.25
2.48
3.03
3.36
3.9
4.58
5
5.32
5.7
6.15
6.36
6.48

n, rpm
1595
1540
1410
1340
1225
1101
1009
946.5
874
781.2
738
699

T, N.m
0.323299
0.369074
0.4925
0.574668
0.729644
0.953368
1.135694
1.288171
1.494673
1.804245
1.975074
2.124616

w, r/sec
167.028
161.2684
147.6549
140.3245
128.2817
115.2965
105.6622
99.11725
91.52507
81.80707
77.28318
73.19911

n, rpm
1564
1498
1394
1342
1314
1242
1174
1072
1012
956
861
801
730
692

T, N.m
0.347292
0.397781
0.488288
0.54478
0.612201
0.715967
0.816001
1.021917
1.150445
1.287357
1.559829
1.762507
2.040672
2.192474

w, r/sec
163.7817
156.8702
145.9793
140.5339
137.6018
130.0619
122.941
112.2596
105.9764
100.1121
90.16371
83.88052
76.44542
72.46607

Table 3.3: R-add = R-f/4 = 2.9

Vm,
volts

Ig,
amps
24
24
24
24
24
24
24
24
24
24
24
24
24
24

0
0.21
0.55
0.74
1
1.3
1.56
2.04
2.29
2.51
2.93
3.19
3.48
3.61

Vg,
volts
22.7
21
18.4
17
15.8
13.9
12.3
9.6
8.1
6.7
4.44
3
1.35
0.47

Im,
amps
2.37
2.6
2.97
3.19
3.51
3.88
4.18
4.78
5.08
5.37
5.86
6.16
6.5
6.62

Saami Bin Moinuddin - 16827181

Page 9

Name-Saami Bin Moinuddin

Std ID-16827181

Graph 3:

S p e ed C o n tro l via an e xtra re sis ta n ce in th e F ie ld C irc u it

180
160
140

Speed, rad/sec

120
R-add = R-f

100

R-add = R-f/3
80

R-add = R-f/4

60
40
20
0
0

0.5

1.5

2.5

Torqu e , N.m

The addition of an extra resistance in series with the field resistance produced the above graph.

Saami Bin Moinuddin - 16827181

Page 10

Name-Saami Bin Moinuddin

Std ID-16827181

Part 2: DC Series Motor

Graph 4:

Speed - Torque Characteristics of DC Series Motor

180
160
140

Speed, rad/sec

120
24v

100

22v
80

20v

60
40
20
0
0

0.5

1.5

Torque, N.m

When the terminal voltage was varied for a DC series motor, the above graph was produced.

Saami Bin Moinuddin - 16827181

Page 11

Name-Saami Bin Moinuddin

Std ID-16827181
Conclusion: To control the speed of a Dc shunt motor we have seen it can be done
by manupilation of Vm, Ra, Rf.
By changing the voltage we have seen a shift in curve of relationship speed and
torque. This results in a known change which is controllable in the lab by the
operator of the power supply.
Altering the resistance in the armature also results it a change in the curve of the
speed torque relationship. By increasing the resistance we see a change in the
gradient of the curve leading to a more rapid shift in speed torque and overall less
capacity to perform.
With the lab I have learnt the importance of speed control in shunt motors and
there many applications in the industry. I see the relevance to this area of study
and understand it is important concept.

As by analyzing the data/results produced by the four graphs previously, a better understanding
has been established in the investigation of control strategies implemented for the speed control
of DC shunt motors.

Saami Bin Moinuddin - 16827181

Page 12