Human resource management

Assignment 1

Job analysis
1. Production Manager 2. Senior Merchandiser

of

HAQIQAT ALI
R.No. 12 DFT-3

By

Under the guidance of Prof. A. PHANI Department of fashion technology

National Institute Of Fashion Technology

Hyderabad

Introduction: HR (Management) in Garment Industry

The man is ultimate resources of the organization because they think, speck, so that utilization of this resource is very critical. HR starts when a man enters in the organization and its end, when he leaves the organization. Success or failure of an organization depends on the effective coordination of the resources such as money, material, machinery and men. Among these, the role and operation of men is the most complex. The uniqueness of HRM lies in its emphases on the people in work setting and its concerns for the well living and comfort of the human resources in an organization. The HRM function is much more integrated and strategically involved. Garment production is industry oriented field where lots of processes are there to carry out raw material to finished garment. In this we have required technical skilful and motivated peoples.. In garment industry, environment is different as compare to other origination or industry, here more interaction to be carried out. Around 80% managers spend time in handling of human resources. HRM increase the communication, coordination and involvement so that chances of misunderstanding will be minimum. In apparel production HRM should appoint the skilful employ at the right, appropriate, correct place where HR expresses his talent and experience. For apparel production, it is compulsory to the company to treat the employee as an asset of the company. In textile a major issues is the wages and salary with time (promotional), so HR took care about that and make structure in such way that it satisfies both i.e. worker (employees) and management. HR plays just like a bridge between management and employees. This industry had gone through a tough phase, but now it want to capture the global market, so they are thinking on overall improvement. Many issues such as better productivity and production, infrastructure up gradation, social compliance, and labour problems, coordination, customer relationship are still grappling the industry and efforts at small levels towards the betterment of the existing scenario are on. However, amidst realization and solutions to all these problems the human resource development, that can definitely help the industry go a long way.

Job analysis
A job analysis is the process used to collect information about the duties, responsibilities, necessary skills, outcomes, and work environment of a particular job. Typically, it focuses on tasks, responsibilities, knowledge and skill requirements, and any other abilities for successful job performance. Job analysis methods: There are several ways to conduct a job analysis, including: interviews with incumbents and supervisors, questionnaires, observation, critical incident investigations, and gathering background information such as duty statements or classification specifications. In job analysis conducted by HR professionals, it is common to use more than one of these methods. For example, the job analysts may tour the job site and observe workers performing their jobs. During the tour the analyst may collect materials that directly/indirectly indicate required skills (duty statements, instructions, safety manuals, quality charts). The analyst may then meet with a group of workers or incumbents. And finally, a survey may be administered. In these cases, job analysts typically are industrial/organizational psychologists or Human Resource Officers who have been trained by, and are acting under the supervision of an industrial psychologist. Questionnaires are the most common methodology employed by certification test developers, although the content of the questionnaires (often lists of tasks that might be performed) are gathered through interviews or focus groups. Job analysts can at times operate under the supervision of a psychometrician.

Job analysis:
1. Production Manager
A production manager is involved with the planning, coordination and control of manufacturing processes. He ensures that goods and services are produced efficiently as well as the correct amount is produced at the right cost and at the right level of quality. A production manager is involved in both the pre-production (planning) stage as well as the production (control and supervision) stage. A large part of production management involves dealing with people, particularly those who work in your team. They are also involved with product design and purchasing. In a small firm you may have to make many of the decisions yourself, but in larger organisation planners, controllers, production engineers and production supervisors will assist you. In progressive firms, the production manager's role tends to be more closely integrated with other functions, such as marketing, sales and finance.

General work activities:

Overseeing the production process, drawing up a production schedule; Ensuring that the production is cost effective; Making sure that products are produced on time and are of good quality; Working out the human and material resources needed; Drafting a timescale for the job; Estimating costs and setting the quality standards; Monitoring the production processes and adjusting schedules as needed; Being responsible for the selection and maintenance of equipment; Monitoring product standards and implementing quality-control

programmes;

Liaising among different departments, e.g. suppliers, managers; Working with managers to implement the company's policies and goals;

Ensuring that health and safety guidelines are followed; Supervising and motivating a team of workers; Reviewing the performance of subordinates.

Role of an Apparel Production Manager

Drive continuous improvements in availability, reliability, product realisation standards through identification of suitable root cause analysis, maintenance plan feedback, product compliance audits, and integration of staff training/competency plans into organisational plans. Ensure competence adequacy and fitness for purpose of resource (staff, materials, plant and equipment) to meet planned workload in line with agreed budget and to recommend improvements where possible. Develop and maintain a well-motivated workforce and ensure that personnel support systems are available and requirements are appropriately discharged and monitored. Ensure that all incidents are appropriately dealt with, investigated and that any corrective action is implemented in a timely manner. Undertake risk assessments, compile method statements and agree program of works in connection with works carried out by direct staff. On Call responsibility for Service Delivery Unit Issues.

Duties of an Apparel Production Manager:

Apparel production managers need to update themselves on the latest fashion trends because they are responsible for constantly studying product competition and look for flaws in their design. Through their observations and analysis, the apparel production managers then design better and more appealing products, advertise the product with the goal to sell their apparel. Another aspect of the apparel production managers responsibility is the quality of the product. They make sure all outgoing products pass company standards and that the products meet customer satisfaction by maintaining

quality at a reasonable cost. Apparel production managers ensure that their product is always the best in the market in terms of durability, attractiveness and affordability. They control manufacturing output to avoid a glut of products in the market that would drive the price of the product down. They oversee production and curtail unnecessary wastage. Apparel production managers also meet with advertising agencies to promote company products and attend product launches.

A Typical Job structure

Job Description: Product Managers are responsible for overseeing the conceptualization, design, construction, selling and distribution of a manufacturer or designer's products. They are also responsible for overseeing the set-up and implementation of quality assurance protocols for their product. Product Managers usually handle a specific product, or product line. This is a fairly senior position within a manufacturer's organization. Qualifications: Education - a 4-year bachelor's degree in Business Administration, Marketing, or Apparel Production is absolutely required. An MBA (Masters in Business Administration) is a plus, as is participation in some executive training programs. Experience - between 5-10 years of apparel development or product management experience is required. Personal Characteristics/Skills - highly analytical with strong math skills; extensive knowledge of the apparel industry and trends; ability to combine information from market sales and production data with fashion forecasts and translate into smart product-line decisions; decisive; well-organized; detail oriented; ability to work with other executives; calm under pressure.

Knowledge and Skills Requirements:

Knowledge of apparel merchandising, teamwork, communication, interpersonal, creativity, analytical, problem solving, and leadership skills are necessary to be a good apparel production manager.

Working Conditions: Apparel production managers have a regular 40-hour week schedule. They work in a quiet, comfortable office environment. Traveling is done to meet with advertisers and clients and to attend product launches. Because of tight deadline schedules, working long hours is required, including evenings and weekends.

Salary of an Apparel Production Manager: An apparel production manager makes $61,000 annually on average. Factors such as size of company, location, nature of the industry, benefits and experience may cause salaries to vary considerably among apparel production managers. Career Path: Market Analyst > Merchandiser > Product Manager > Director of Product Management.

2. Senior merchandiser
A merchandiser is responsible for deciding which goods to stock in which shops and how they should be displayed. In large retail companies, merchandisers are likely to be dealing with a single range of products, while in a smaller company they may be responsible for both the buying and merchandising. Essentially, merchandisers predict trends and fashions and decide which products are most likely to appeal to customers. They analyse sales information, work out sales targets and plan how to increase profits. He visits suppliers or manufacturers to select goods, which is likely to involve working closely with retail buyers. He will also negotiate a price, order the goods, agree a delivery date, complete all the necessary paperwork, and keep in touch with suppliers to make sure that the goods arrive on time.

Basic Tasks:

Communicate with retailers and buyers regarding the product, i.e. prices, quantity, warranty, etc.

Ensuring that the products are sent to its designated place. Checking the products before the delivering to its designated stores. Planning and giving price tags on each product depending on the quantity, sales, deals and demand.

Make time to time check on the stock products. Ensuring the quality of the product, its status, appearance before sending to clients.

Checking and analysing the sales of the product Making deals with buyers and prospect buyers. Keeping important documents regarding the product such as receipts, order slips, etc.

Giving orders to the delivery crew. Managing and training new staff.

Nature of Job:
Merchandisers are responsible in the distribution of products in its designated store. Part of their job is to ensure that the products delivered has the right quantity, payments, and delivered in the right place.

Academic requirements:
Must be a graduate of any 4 year business course. Graduate of short courses in merchandising or any related field is accepted. Must have at least 2-3 years experience in merchandising/retailing industry.

Skills and Competency Requirements:

Knowledge I merchandising and retailing industry Must have knowledge in sales marketing Ability to detect changes and damages in products. Must be keen of details. Must have the ability to convince. Ability to do sales talk and close deals with suppliers and buyers Can communicate well with clients. Must have the ability to use the English command, both oral and written. Must have good analytical skills.

Salary Information:
Local Employment:

Local Merchandisers receives PhP10, 000- PhP12, 000 a month.

Overseas Employment:

UAE- AED4, 000 or PhP51, 069 a month US- USD1, 916 or PhP89, 850 a month Singapore- SGD2, 000 or PhP63, 205 a month.

Employment Opportunities:
Experienced Merchandisers remains highly needed especially in the Middle East wherein they patronize the ability of Filipinos when it comes to sales talk. United Arab Emirates and Saudi Arabia offers good compensation fee compared to other Middle Eastern countries.

Hours and Environment

Merchandisers usually work a 38 hour week, Monday to Friday, but sometimes you'll work much longer hours, for instance during special sales promotions or the opening of a new store. Most of the work is office-based, but some time will be spent each week visiting regional stores or suppliers. This may involve spending short periods of time away from home. At senior levels this may include travelling abroad - to find new suppliers, select and buy goods, or sort out problems with manufacturers.

Career Advancement:
Promotion can be easily obtained for highly skilled Merchandisers. They can be promoted as Senior Merchandiser or Store Supervisor or Manager. Merchandiser can also put up their own merchandising/retailing business.

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