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Chapter 8 Solutions, Acids, and Bases

This document provides an overview of chapter 8 which covers solutions, acids, and bases. It defines key terms like solute, solvent, dissociation, ionization, and discusses how solutions are classified by concentration. Acids are defined by their sour taste, reaction with indicators, and ability to donate protons in water. Bases are defined by their bitter taste, feeling soapy, and ability to accept protons. The chapter also discusses factors that affect solubility and how concentration can be expressed in terms of molarity, percent by volume, and percent composition. Labs are described on rate of dissolving, pH, and properties of acids and bases.

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705 views

Chapter 8 Solutions, Acids, and Bases

This document provides an overview of chapter 8 which covers solutions, acids, and bases. It defines key terms like solute, solvent, dissociation, ionization, and discusses how solutions are classified by concentration. Acids are defined by their sour taste, reaction with indicators, and ability to donate protons in water. Bases are defined by their bitter taste, feeling soapy, and ability to accept protons. The chapter also discusses factors that affect solubility and how concentration can be expressed in terms of molarity, percent by volume, and percent composition. Labs are described on rate of dissolving, pH, and properties of acids and bases.

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api-30718309
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© Attribution Non-Commercial (BY-NC)
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Chapter 8 Solutions, Acids, and Bases

Section 8-1 Formation of Solutions


Dissolving
Substances can dissolve in water three ways:

1. _____________________________
2. ______________________________
3. ______________________________
Every solution has 2 parts:
1. ________________________ what is being dissolved
2. __________________________ the substance in which the solute dissolves
Dissociation ________________________________________________________________________.
______________________________ breaking into smaller pieces that spread throughout the water.
Ionization the process in which neutral molecules ___________________________________ (and
form ions).
The three physical properties of a solution that can differ from those of its solute and solvent are :

1. ________________________________
2. __________________________________
3. __________________________________
Heat of Solution
During the formation of a solution, energy is either ______________________________________.
The process is either _______________________________________________.
Factors that affect the rate of dissolving include:

1. _______________________________

2._________________________________

3._________________________________

Sugar Cube Lab on Rate of Dissolving

Section 1 Assessment Questions

Section 8-2 Solubility and Concentration

___________________________ the maximum amount of a solute that dissolves in a given amount of


solvent.
Solutions are described as ______________________________________________________ depending
on the amount of solute in solution.
Saturated solution
_____________________________________________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________________________________________
Unsaturated Solution
_____________________________________________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________________________________________
_______________________________ one that contains more solute than it can normally hold at a
given temperature. These solutions are very unstable.
The factors that affect the solubility of a solute are:
1.___________________________________
2.___________________________________
3.___________________________________
Concentration can be expressed as: ( write word and equation for each)

1. ______________________________________________________________
2. ______________________________________________________________
3. ______________________________________________________________
Section assessment questions 1-8 p. 239

Worksheet on solving for molarity, percent by volume, and percent composition problems.

8.3 Properties of Acids and Bases


Properties of Acids:

1. __________________________________
2. __________________________________
3. ___________________________________________________
______________________________ any substance that changes color in the presence of an acid
or base. Ex. Ph paper, litmus, methyl orange, bromocresol green, and phenolphthalein

Properties of Bases:
1 ._____________________________________________
2.________________________________________________
3._________________________________________________
_________________________________ the reaction between an acid and a base.
The neutralization reaction between an acid and a base produces a ___________________________.

Acid-Base Worksheets

Naming acid and bases handout

Section 3 assessment questions

2 day acid base lab

The lower the pH value, the _______________________________________________.

The higher the pH value, the _______________________________________________.

When strong acids dissolve in water, they __________________________________________

_______________________________ dissociate almost completely in water

____________________ a substance that ionizes or dissociates into ions when it dissolves in


water.

Resulting solution can __________________________________.

Strong acids and bases are strong electrolytes because they dissociate or ionize almost
completely in water.

_______________________________ a solution that is resistant to large changes in pH

pH Lab using LabQuest and Section 4 Assessment Questions.

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