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Dynamics Lab Report (Forced Vibration)

This document describes an experiment to study the resonance of a spring-dashpot system with damping. The experiment aims to determine the damped natural frequency and observe the effects of resonance as excitation frequency matches natural frequency. The apparatus includes a beam, spring, mechanical recorder, unbalance exciter and damper. Experimental procedures involve setting up the apparatus and recording the maximum oscillation amplitude of the beam at different excitation frequencies both with and without damping. The results will be analyzed to understand the effects of damping on natural frequency and resonance occurrence.

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Wahiduzzaman Zaki
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© Attribution Non-Commercial (BY-NC)
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Download as DOCX, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
7K views

Dynamics Lab Report (Forced Vibration)

This document describes an experiment to study the resonance of a spring-dashpot system with damping. The experiment aims to determine the damped natural frequency and observe the effects of resonance as excitation frequency matches natural frequency. The apparatus includes a beam, spring, mechanical recorder, unbalance exciter and damper. Experimental procedures involve setting up the apparatus and recording the maximum oscillation amplitude of the beam at different excitation frequencies both with and without damping. The results will be analyzed to understand the effects of damping on natural frequency and resonance occurrence.

Uploaded by

Wahiduzzaman Zaki
Copyright
© Attribution Non-Commercial (BY-NC)
Available Formats
Download as DOCX, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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APPLIED MECHANICS LAB (MEC424) DYNAMICS OF MACHINES LAB

TITLE
Forced Vibration Experiment Resonance of Spring-Dashpot System with Damping

ABSTRACT
The experiment is study the for the spring-dashpot system where we to study the effect of damping on the system. Through the experiment, we are to study the damped frequency and relate it to the natural frequency as well study the occurrence of resonance and its effect on the system.

APPLIED MECHANICS LAB (MEC424) DYNAMICS OF MACHINES LAB

TABLE OF CONTENTS
1.0 List of Table ........................................................................................................................... 3 2.0 List of Figures ........................................................................................................................ 3 3.0 Introduction............................................................................................................................ 4 3.1 Objective .................................................................................................................... 4 4.0 Theory ................................................................................................................................... 5 5.0 Apparatus .............................................................................................................................. 6 6.0 Experimental Procedure ........................................................................................................ 7 7.0 Discussion, Results and Conclusion 8.0 References

APPLIED MECHANICS LAB (MEC424) DYNAMICS OF MACHINES LAB

1.0

LIST OF TABLES
Table: Experimental data

2.0

LIST OF FIGURES
Set up of apparatus Dimension of the beam page 6 page 6

APPLIED MECHANICS LAB (MEC424) DYNAMICS OF MACHINES LAB

3.0

INTRODUCTION
Forced vibration is vibration that takes place under the excitation of external forces. The system will vibrate at the excitation frequency when the excitation is oscillatory. Resonance will occur if the frequency of excitation coincides with one of the natural frequencies of the system and dangerously large oscillations may result. The failure of major structures such as buildings, bridges, or airplane wings is an awesome possibility under resonance.

3.1

OBJECTIVE OF THE EXPERIMENT

The objective of the experiment is to determine the resonance of spring-dashpot system in different damping.

APPLIED MECHANICS LAB (MEC424) DYNAMICS OF MACHINES LAB

4.0 THEORY
As stated in Introduction section, resonance will occur if the frequency of excitation coincides with one of the natural frequencies of the system and dangerously large oscillations may result. The large oscillations may reach the maximum amplitude of the oscillation for a certain body thus may result in failure of member of the system. This is because, the member may reach the maximum deformation it can attain and soon will fracture. The relation of rotational frequency during resonance is,

Where,

is the damped frequency and

is the natural frequency of the system. Both are in

(rad/s) in unit. As they are equal, the resonance will occurs and result in maximum amplitude for the oscillation. As for the damper, it resists motion via viscous friction. The resulting force is proportional to the velocity, but acts in the opposite direction, slowing the motion and absorbing energy. It is commonly used in conjunction with a spring.

APPLIED MECHANICS LAB (MEC424) DYNAMICS OF MACHINES LAB

5.0

APPARATUS

Frame

Beam

Spring (k=3.0 N.mm)

Mechanical recorder Unbalance exciter

Damper

Control Unit (TM150)

The dimensions of the beam are as follows: Width

Length Thickness Thickness, h = 12 mm Width, w = 25 mm Length, L = 700 mm

APPLIED MECHANICS LAB (MEC424) DYNAMICS OF MACHINES LAB

6.0

EXPRIMENTAL PROCEDURE

1. First, the apparatus is set up. The graph paper (which attached in roll on the mechanical recorder) is slotted into the holder. 2. As the graph paper is ensured in grip, a pen is fixed in the graph pointer slot. (It is advisable to use blunt-tip pen or a gel pen). 3. The mechanical recorder is then tested, to ensure if the graph is being recorded clearly and properly. 4. The control unit is turned on. 5. With no damper, the unbalance exciter is controlled its frequency by the control unit. 6. Before any reading is taken, the maximum amplitude at what frequency is first predicted as the beam is forced oscillation by the exciter. 7. Once we roughly know at what frequency the amplitude is at maximum, range of reading needed to be taken is tabulated. of 2 Hz is taken from the predicted natural frequency, fn of reading is set. Data for each 0.5 Hz is taken. 8. The excited oscillation of each set frequency is plotted on the graph paper by the mechanical recorder each. 9. Steps 6-8 is repeated with damper (needle open) is positioned at 150 mm of the beam, damper (needle closed) is positioned at 150 mm of the beam, and damper (needle closed) is positioned at 550 mm of the beam. Precaution: Each graph plotted needs to be labeled every time before plotting the next graph, so that, later on will not be confused or mistakenly taken.

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