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.net ppt

The .NET architecture consists of the Common Language Runtime (CLR) and Framework Class Library (FCL). The CLR defines a common programming model and standard type system for cross-platform, multi-language development. It executes compiled applications and looks for assemblies, which contain compiled classes. The FCL contains thousands of predefined classes that provide a common API across platforms and languages. Applications are typically designed using a component-based model, with components packaged into assemblies that can be located by the CLR at runtime.

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500 views20 pages

.net ppt

The .NET architecture consists of the Common Language Runtime (CLR) and Framework Class Library (FCL). The CLR defines a common programming model and standard type system for cross-platform, multi-language development. It executes compiled applications and looks for assemblies, which contain compiled classes. The FCL contains thousands of predefined classes that provide a common API across platforms and languages. Applications are typically designed using a component-based model, with components packaged into assemblies that can be located by the CLR at runtime.

Uploaded by

bhuvanashen
Copyright
© Attribution Non-Commercial (BY-NC)
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
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Download as ODP, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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Lecture 1:

The .NET Architecture

Objectives
Microsoft .NET is based on the .NET Framework, which consists of two major components: the Common Language Runtime (CLR) and an extensive set of Framework Class Libraries (FCL). The CLR defines a common programming model and a standard type system for cross-platform, multi-language development.

CLR-based execution Application designs

Microsoft

Part 1
CLR-based execution

Microsoft

Influences
.NET is the result of many influences

OOP

JVM

GUI

.NET

Web

component-based design

n-tier design

Microsoft

.NET is multi-language
.NET supports VB, C# (C-sharp), C++, J# (Java 1.2), Eiffel, etc.

code.vb

code.cs

code.cpp

...

Development Tools

FCL

app.exe

Microsoft

.NET is cross-platform
Compiled .NET apps run on any supported platform:

APP.exe

?
Win64 (XP,2K,98) Win32 WinCE
Microsoft 6

How is cross-platform achieved?


Cross-platform execution realized in two ways: 1. apps are written against Framework Class Library (FCL), not underlying OS 2. compilers generate generic assembly language which must be executed by the Common Language Runtime (CLR)

Microsoft

(1) FCL
Framework Class Library 1000's of predefined classes common subset across all platforms & languages networking, database access, XML processing, GUI, Web, etc.

Goal? FCL is a portable operating system

Microsoft

(2) CLR-based execution


Common Language Runtime must be present to execute code:
APP.exe
OS Process other FCL components

JIT Compiler

obj code

Core FCL

CLR Underlying OS and HW


Microsoft 9

Implications of .NET's execution model


1. Clients need CLR & FCL to run .NET apps available via Redistributable .NET Framework 20MB download runs on 98 and above, NT (sp6a) and above

1. Design trade-off + managed execution (memory protection, verifiable code, etc.) + portability: slower execution?

Microsoft

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Part 2
Application design

Microsoft

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Monolithic
Monolithic app: all source code compiled into one .EXE

APP.exe

*not* the norm on Windows

Microsoft

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Component-based
Component-based app: .EXE + 1 or more .DLLs

compute.dll GUI.exe data.dll

standard practice on Windows

Microsoft

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Why component-based?
Many motivations: team programming multi-language development (I like VB, you like C#) code reuse (e.g. across different .EXEs) independent updating (update just component X)

FCL ships as a set of components!

Microsoft

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Assemblies
.NET packages components into assemblies 1 assembly = 1 or more compiled classes .EXE represents an assembly with classes + Main program .DLL represents an assembly with classes
code.vb code.vb code.cs

Development Tools

.EXE / .DLL

assembly
Microsoft 15

CLR-based execution revisted


CLR must be able to locate all assemblies:
.EXE .DLL .DLL .DLL
OS Process other FCL assemblies

JIT Compiler
Core FCL assembly

obj code obj code obj code obj code

CLR Underlying OS and HW


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Assembly resolution
How does CLR find assemblies? For now, simple answer is sufficient: our DLLs must reside in same directory as our EXE FCL assemblies reside in GAC CLR looks in GAC first, then EXE's directory

Microsoft

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GAC?
GAC = Global Assembly Cache C:\Windows or C:\WinNT directory

Observations: explorer yields a flat view of GAC command-shell yields actual representation GAC can hold different versions of the same assembly some assemblies have been pre-JIT ("native image") tamper proof via digital signatures

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Summary
.NET architecture is: multi-language cross-platform based on the CLR, FCL, and JIT technology Application designs are typically multi-tier Application designs yield component-based development .NET components are packaged as assemblies

Microsoft

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Resources
Books: J. Richter, "Applied Microsoft .NET Framework Programming" (C#) J. Richter and F. Balena, "Applied Microsoft .NET Framework Programming in Microsoft Visual Basic .NET" (VB) T. Thai and H. Lam, ".NET Framework Essentials" Web sites: http://msdn.microsoft.com/net http://www.gotdotnet.com/ Linux port (Mono): http://www.go-mono.com/ MS source (Rotor / SSCLI): http://msdn.microsoft.com/net/sscli

Microsoft

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