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01 Introduction A

This document discusses different types of computer software and methods for converting between number systems. It introduces application software, system software, operating systems, and compilers. It then provides examples of converting between binary, decimal, and hexadecimal number systems by dividing the number by the base, keeping the remainders to build the result in reverse order.

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Hamza Faran
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12 views

01 Introduction A

This document discusses different types of computer software and methods for converting between number systems. It introduces application software, system software, operating systems, and compilers. It then provides examples of converting between binary, decimal, and hexadecimal number systems by dividing the number by the base, keeping the remainders to build the result in reverse order.

Uploaded by

Hamza Faran
Copyright
© Attribution Non-Commercial (BY-NC)
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as DOCX, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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Introduction A

Introduction I
y y y y y Application Software - applications used regularly by us such as Microsoft Word, Internet Explorer etc. System Software - includes operating systems and translation systems Operating System - interface between the hardware and the user Translation System - takes a program written it one language and translates it to another Compilers - examples of translation systems; converts high-level code, such as C, to machine language that can be understood by the hardware

Introduction II
y All data stored and processed in computer systems are binary, a base-two system

Converting binary values to decimal -break up the number into its constituent digits multiplied by 2 to the power of the place value -evaluate to obtain the decimal ex: 11012 = 1(23) + 1(22) + 0(21) + 1(20) = 1(8) + 1(4) + 0(2) + 1(1) = 1310; 11012 = 1310 Converting decimal to binary -divide the decimal number by 2, and each time keep the remainder with the quotient -each reminder for each division is used to construct the binary value -arrange the remainders in reverse order to get the answer ex: 1410

14/2 = 7+r0

7/2 = 3+r1

3/2 = 1+r1

1/2 = r1

11102; 1410 = 11102

Converting hexadecimal to binary


*hex numbers go from 0 to 9 and also include the letters A to F, representing the decimal numbers 10 to 15

-break up the number into its constituent digits multiplied by 16 to the power of the place value -evaluate to obtain the decimal ex: 3E16 = 3(161) + E(160) = 3(16) + 14(1) = 6210; 3E16 = 6210 Converting binary to hexadecimal -divide the decimal number by 16, and each time keep the remainder with the quotient -each reminder for each division is used to construct the hex value -arrange the remainders in reverse order to get the answer ex: 25010 250/16 = 15+r10 = 15+rA 15/16 = 0+r15 = 0+rF FA16; 25010 = FA16

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