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Blood Pressure

Blood pressure is the pressure exerted by circulating blood on blood vessel walls and is a vital sign. It varies between a maximum systolic pressure and minimum diastolic pressure during each heartbeat. There are non-invasive and invasive methods to measure blood pressure indirectly. The most common non-invasive methods are auscultation, which uses a stethoscope to listen for Korotkoff sounds as a cuff deflates over the brachial artery, and oscillometry.

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براءة أحمد السلامات
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154 views9 pages

Blood Pressure

Blood pressure is the pressure exerted by circulating blood on blood vessel walls and is a vital sign. It varies between a maximum systolic pressure and minimum diastolic pressure during each heartbeat. There are non-invasive and invasive methods to measure blood pressure indirectly. The most common non-invasive methods are auscultation, which uses a stethoscope to listen for Korotkoff sounds as a cuff deflates over the brachial artery, and oscillometry.

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براءة أحمد السلامات
Copyright
© Attribution Non-Commercial (BY-NC)
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
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Blood Pressure

Blood pressure
is the pressure exerted by circulating blood upon the walls of blood vessels, and is one of the principal vital signs. During each heartbeat, BP varies between a maximum (systolic) and a minimum (diastolic) pressure.

Blood Pressure
Palpatory Method Non-Invasive Auscultatory Method Oscillometric Method

Invasive

Extravascular Sensor
Intravascular Sensor

Indirect Methods in Blood Pressure Measurements

General Facts
Indirect measurement = non-invasive measurement

Brachial artery is the most common measurement site


Close to heart Convenient measurement

The most common indirect methods are auscultation and oscillometry

General Facts
An occlusive cuff is placed on arm and inflated to P cuff > SP. Then the cuff is deflated gradually

The cuff should be placed at the heart level in order to minimize the hydrostatic effects

Palpatory Method
When the cuff is deflated, there is a palpable pulse in the wrist. Pcuff = BP

ADVANTAGES +) The blood pressure can be measured in noisy environment too +) Technique does not require much equipment

DISADVANTAGES
-) Only the systolic pressure can be measured (not DP) -) The technique does not give accurate results for infants and hypotensive patients

Auscultatory Method
Pulse waves that propagate through the brachial artery, generate Korotkoff sounds. There are 5 distinct phases in the Korotkoff sounds, which define SP and DP The Korotkoff sounds are ausculted with a stethoscope

When cuff pressure is between than 120 and 80 mm Hg: Blood flow through the vessel is turbulent whenever blood pressure exceeds cuff pressure. Intermittent sounds are heard as blood pressure fluctuates throughout the cardiac cycle.

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