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Motion

1. Motion can be described as either constant velocity, where velocity does not change, or changing velocity, known as acceleration. 2. Velocity is the rate of change of an object's position or displacement over time. It can be calculated as the change in displacement divided by the change in time. 3. Acceleration is the rate of change of an object's velocity over time. It can be calculated as the change in velocity divided by the change in time. The slope of a velocity-time graph represents an object's acceleration.

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124 views

Motion

1. Motion can be described as either constant velocity, where velocity does not change, or changing velocity, known as acceleration. 2. Velocity is the rate of change of an object's position or displacement over time. It can be calculated as the change in displacement divided by the change in time. 3. Acceleration is the rate of change of an object's velocity over time. It can be calculated as the change in velocity divided by the change in time. The slope of a velocity-time graph represents an object's acceleration.

Uploaded by

api-3755159
Copyright
© Attribution Non-Commercial (BY-NC)
Available Formats
Download as PPT, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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Motion

Everything is in motion and there are


only two possibilities.
2. Constant Velocity
v = zero or v = a value
2. Changing Velocity which is called
acceleration
Velocity
• velocity is the rate at
which position
changes or
displacement changes
• V = ∆d/∆t
• Velocity is the slope
of d vs t graph
Velocity
Displacement (m) Time (s)
0 0
20 1
40 2
60 3
80 4

DEB – Sketch the Graph. What is the Slope?


Average vs Instantaneous
• Average speed is the total distance divided by
the total time.
– This is over a long time interval.

• Instantaneous speed is how fast are you going


now ie. - speedometer, radar gun, slope at a
point
- This is over a short time interval, with t
approaching 0
Average Velocity
• You drive your car 200 miles in 5 hours.
What is your average velocity?
H-ITT A) 0 B) 20 C) 40 D) 100 mph
• But did you at any time travel exactly 40 miles
per hour?
• H-ITT A) Yes B) No C) impossible to tell
H-ITT
Graph of d vs t
B)25 mph
200 C) 50 mph

150 D)100 mph

d in D) 150 mph
100
miles

50

1 2 3 4 5
t in hours
H-ITT
Graph of d vs t
B) -150 mph
200 C) -100 mph
D) -50 mph
150
d in D) -25 mph
miles100
E) 0
50

1 2 3 4 5
t in hours
Instantaneous Velocity

• How could we get


the instantaneous
velocity of an air
track glider or lab
cart using a flag?
Instantaneous Velocity
• Time the flag as it
passes through
the photogate.
Measure the
length of the flag.
• V = d flag / t flag

• What happens as
the flag gets
Acceleration
• acceleration is the
rate at which velocity
changes
• a = ∆v/∆t
• a = (vf – vi)/(t2 – t1)
• vf = vi + at
• The acceleration is the
slope of v vs t graph
Acceleration

• H-ITT
A) 0
40
V B) 8
(m/s) C) 40
D) 200
E) 0.13
5
t (s)
Acceleration
• The slope of a velocity vs time graph is
acceleration a = ∆v/∆t
• If there is no slope, the acceleration is zero =
constant velocity
• If there is a positive slope, the velocity is
getting more positive.
• If there is a negative slope, the velocity is
getting more negative.
• The area under v vs t graph is displacement
Acceleration

• H-ITT
A) 0
40
V B) 8
(m/s) C) 40
D) 200
E) 0.13
5
t (s)
Acceleration

• H-ITT
A) 0
40
V B) -10
(m/s) C) -30
10 D) 20
E) 25
3 5
t (s)

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