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Simple Microstrip Matching For All Impedances: IN OUT

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30 views

Simple Microstrip Matching For All Impedances: IN OUT

Uploaded by

amitavaenergy
Copyright
© Attribution Non-Commercial (BY-NC)
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
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Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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Application Note No.

022
Discrete & RF Semiconductors

Knut Brenndrfer

Simple Microstrip Matching for allImpedances


During evaluation phase of new devices, it is often a problem to find a simple matching circuit to 50 impedance. In a 50 coax test fixture it is done by two slide screw tuners, which can apply a movable variable capacitance to a sort of triplate line. Normal microstrip layouts sometimes take large efforts in design and simulation until a layout is available. This can be shortened by a universal printed circuit board, where all transformations to the device under test can be realized. One of the possible simple and universal solutions will be presented here.

Realization:
What you need is a universal printed circuit board which applies a straight 50 line at input and output of the device, e.g. transistor. This lines must have an electrical length of at least /2 at operating frequency. The biasing can be done by small /4-lines on the board or by bias tees outside the board. Beside the /2 lines at input and output there must be enough room for a movable /4 open stub with also 50 impedance.

BIAS

IN OUT

On this universal printed circuit board it is possible to match all (!) impedances to 50 by applying movable open stubs with about 50 impedance and variable length. The stubs can be realized by copper or brass foil which can be moved by the soldering iron and cut in length. If it is too short it can be replaced by a new one. The method is a simple cut and try strategy but very fast and effective.

Semiconductor Group

Edition A01, 17.10.96

Application Note No. 022


Discrete & RF Semiconductors

Theory:
To match an impedance to 50, the matching network must apply a conjugate complex impedance to the needed impedance. The impedance which can be seen by looking into a device is named S (e.g. S11) and the impedance which can be seen by looking from the device into the matching circuit is named . Both impedances have the same magnitude and a conjugate angle. An open stub with variable length acts as variable parallel capacitor which adjusts the magnitude of the reflection coefficient on the 20mS circle. A 50 line with variable length to the device adjusts the phase.

electrical length: 0 ... 180 0 ... /2 50 Ohm 50 Ohm Part to be matched

50

ms
electrical length: 0 ... 90 0 ... /4

S 11

Semiconductor Group

Edition A01, 17.10.96

Application Note No. 022


Discrete & RF Semiconductors

Practical realization:
An open stub at the input acts as capacitor to ground. By varying the length between 0 and /4 the capacitance value varies between 0 and . Therefore all magnitudes of the impedance between 0 and 1 can be adjusted. Now the magnitude is O.K. and the phase can be adjusted by a 50 line in series with variable length. This length variation is done by moving the open stub. The length can vary between 0 and /2, which is one time around the smith chart.

opt

Impedance Smith-Chart

50 Ohm Transmission Line in series

50 Ohm 50 Ohm OPEN STUB equ. C in parallel

Sopt
50 Ohm
An example in the smith chart shows, that all needed impedances can be realized on the universal printed circuit board. The stubs can be either metal foil, moved by the soldering iron on a universal printed circuit board or the 50 line at input and output can be realized by small 50 stripes of printed circuit material soldered to a ground plane and the stubs can also be adjustable capacitors to ground for lower frequencies.

Semiconductor Group

Edition A01, 17.10.96

Application Note No. 022


Discrete & RF Semiconductors

Published by Siemens AG, Bereich Bauelemente,Vertrieb, Produkt-Information,Balanstrae 73, D-81541 Mnchen Siemens AG 1996. All Rights Reserved As far as patents or other rights of third parties are concerned, liability is only assumed for components per se, not for applications, processes and circuits implemented within components or assemblies. The information describes the type of component and shall not be considered as assured characteristics. Terms of delivery and rights to change design reserved. For questions on technology, delivery and prices please contact the Offices of Semiconductor Group in Germany or the Siemens Companies and Representatives world-wide (see address list). Due to technical requirements components may contain dangerous substances. For information on the type in question please contact your nearest Siemens Office, Semiconductor Group. Siemens AG is an approved CECC manufacturer.

Semiconductor Group

Edition A01, 17.10.96

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