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Physics SPM Modifications

The document discusses the key design considerations for several mechanical systems and devices. Some common requirements across many of the systems include using strong, corrosion-resistant materials, optimizing size and shape for efficiency, and incorporating features like insulation, filters, and control mechanisms. Effective transmission of force, movement, energy and signals are also important design goals.

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Muhammad Jaziem
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© Attribution Non-Commercial (BY-NC)
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Download as DOCX, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
10K views

Physics SPM Modifications

The document discusses the key design considerations for several mechanical systems and devices. Some common requirements across many of the systems include using strong, corrosion-resistant materials, optimizing size and shape for efficiency, and incorporating features like insulation, filters, and control mechanisms. Effective transmission of force, movement, energy and signals are also important design goals.

Uploaded by

Muhammad Jaziem
Copyright
© Attribution Non-Commercial (BY-NC)
Available Formats
Download as DOCX, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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c 

a.)freezing point must be low=because the temperature is low

b.)material must be be strong=to withstand pressure

c.)corrosion rate must be low=as sea water is a good corrosive agent

d.)size of the ballast tank must be large=to enable the submarine to


submerge deeper into sea

e.)use thick wall=because water pressure increase with depth

f.)must be made up of high density material=so that it can submerge


easily

g.)must be made up of strong material=so that the submarine won͛t


crack easily

h.)must be in aerodynamic shape=so it can reduce the resistance cause


by the water

i.)must have ballast tank=so it will increase the overall submarine


weight

j.)must have sonar transmitter and receiver=so it can estimate the


distance and depth of the water



a.)mirrors are placed at an inclined angle of 45 degree from vertical
axis=reflection happens at an angle of incidence and at an angle of
reflection of 45 degree at both the mirrors

b.)dark cardboards can be used to construct the casing of


periscope=mirrors are placed in the casing

c.)cheaper than cctv

r c     


a.)use asbestos=good heat insulators

b.) use oil=have a good heat contact with thermometer

c.)use tissue=prevent heat loss

d.)use high power=can increase the temperature faster

  


a.)using bigger blades=can increase the air intake

b.)blade must be made of strong material=can withstand strong


pressure

c.)increase the number of fuel injectors=more fuel to be burnt to


produce greater thrust

d.)increase the size of combustion chambers=more space for fuel to be


burnt

e.)decrease the diameter of the nozzle=exhaust gas ejected at higher


momentum
  
a.)high specific latent heat of vapourization=rate of heat removed is
faster

b.)low boiling point=easily can vapour

c.)low specific heat capacity=can be cool down faster

r  
a.)use concave mirror=reflected ray is converging

b.)bulb at principal focus=reflected ray can form a parallel beam

c.)batteries connected in series=produces large current

d.) use copper connecting wire=low resistance/large current




a.)use convex lens=magnified image can be obtained

b.)percentage of light pf the lenses must be high=image would be


brighter and clearer

c.)focal length should be short=power of lens will be high and can be


focused at shorter distance

d.)diameter of lens should be large=can gives a better display


a.)must use effective hydraulic system and smooth pulley system=can
produce large force to pull the cable that are attached to lift

b.)use thick and strong cables=able to withstand large pulling force and
meet safety requirements

c.)effectivebracking system=enable the lift to stop in shorter time

d.)electronic warning system=to warn the passengers

e.)large room space in lift=to cater for more people in the lift

   


a.)use materials that can be obtained easily such as steel rod and
canvas=to reduce cost

b.)the rods are t-shaped=are equally strong although they are not so
heavy

c.)using rods made from lower density=not so heavy

d.)rods can resist rust=can be used in water

e.)rods have sharp ends with smaller surface area=can be planted to


ground easily

f.)resistance to heat=can withstand high temperature..

   
a.)speakers placed at the end of the hall=to drive more nodes

b.)chairs must arrange in tha antinode lines=can listen to stronger


sounds
c.)auditorium must be in parabolic shape=reflection to one sound at
one point

d.)for ceiling use plasters=to minimize revibration

e.)use carpets=to minimize revibration


a.)use soft iron core =can increase the strength of magnet so that the
speed of the fan motor will incrase

b.)increase the speed of motor by changing the knob =to increase the
number of turns of coil

c.)use thicker coil of wire and shorter wire=to reduce the heating
element of the hair dryer

d.)use bigger wire=to reduce resistance

e.)use a higher number of coils for heating element=to increase the


efficiency of heat loss so that can release more heat

    


a.)increase the strength of the radial magnetic field=this can increase
the force between the current carrying coil and magnetic field

b.)using hairspring of lower stiffness=smaller opposing forces to stop


the turning of the coil

c.)using a lighter pointer=smaller inertia;easier to move

d.)using a coil of lighter mass=smaller inertia;easier to move


e.)increasing the area of the coil=more changes to the magnetic flux,a
bigger force produced

  
a.)use laminated soft iron core=so can reduce power loss due to eddy
current in core

b.)full-wave rectification=less power loss and continuous power

 
a.)size of the hammer is big=so that the surface area that is in contact is
big

b.)larger distance between hammer and gong=so that the force applied
on the gong is greater

c.)number of turns of the coil is greater=strength of the magnetism is


greater

d.)highcuvature of gong=area of air molecule vibrate is greater.

! 
a.)use a larger fan driven by a more powerful electric motor=so it can
increase the amount and speed of airflows into the vacuum cleaner

b.)the inlet opening for pumping air and dust into the vacuum cleaner is
made narrower=to create a much lower air pressure region near the
inlet opening
c.)using a very large filter to block dust particles while allowing air
molecules to pass through=so can have lots of surface area

d.)larger space for depositing and collecting the dust particles=to


ensure that the airflow through the filter is not blocked by too many
dust particles

e.)shorter path for the cleaned air to flow out of the cleaner and return
to room=to ensure that the vacuum cleaner work efficiently so that it
can clean the air faster

( 
a.)the cable must be elastic=so that the conversion energy can take
place

b.)force constant of the cable must be large=so that the extension of


the cable will not be too much

c.)if the force constant is low=the cable may not be able to withstand
the force applied.

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