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What Is Soft Computing

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Dharmendra Dayal
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32 views

What Is Soft Computing

Uploaded by

Dharmendra Dayal
Copyright
© Attribution Non-Commercial (BY-NC)
Available Formats
Download as DOCX, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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What Is Soft Computing?

Soft computing differs from conventional (hard) computing in that, unlike hard computing, it is tolerant of

imprecision, uncertainty, partial truth, and approximation. In effect, the role model for soft computing is the

human mind. The guiding principle of soft computing is: Exploit the tolerance for imprecision, uncertainty, partial

truth, and approximation to achieve tractability, robustness and low solution cost. The basic ideas underlying soft

computing in its current incarnation have links to many earlier influences, among them Zadeh's 1965 paper on

fuzzy sets; the 1973 paper on the analysis of complex systems and decision processes; and the 1979 report (1981

paper) on possibility theory and soft data analysis. The inclusion of neural computing and genetic computing in soft

computing came at a later point.

At this juncture, the principal constituents of Soft Computing (SC) are Fuzzy Logic (FL), Neural Computing (NC),

Evolutionary Computation (EC) Machine Learning (ML) and Probabilistic Reasoning (PR), with the latter subsuming

belief networks, chaos theory and parts of learning theory. What is important to note is that soft computing is not

a melange. Rather, it is a partnership in which each of the partners contributes a distinct methodology for

addressing problems in its domain. In this perspective, the principal constituent methodologies in SC are

complementary rather than competitive. Furthermore, soft computing may be viewed as a foundation component

for the emerging field of conceptual intelligence.

Importance of Soft Computing


The complementarity of FL, NC, GC, and PR has an important consequence: in many cases a problem can be solved
most effectively by using FL, NC, GC and PR in combination rather than exclusively. A striking example of a
particularly effective combination is what has come to be known as "neurofuzzy systems." Such systems are
becoming increasingly visible as consumer products ranging from air conditioners and washing machines to
photocopiers and camcorders. Less visible but perhaps even more important are neurofuzzy systems in industrial
applications. What is particularly significant is that in both consumer products and industrial systems, the
employment of soft computing techniques leads to systems which have high MIQ (Machine Intelligence Quotient).
In large measure, it is the high MIQ of SC-based systems that accounts for the rapid growth in the number and
variety of applications of soft computing.

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