Scribd
Upload
876 views

Hyperphysics Phy Astr Gsu Edu

The cyclotron was one of the earliest particle accelerators and uses a magnetic field to bend charged particles like electrons into a semicircular path between accelerations from an electric field. The electric field accelerates electrons between magnetic poles called "dees" and the magnetic field is reversed at the cyclotron frequency to accelerate the electrons back across the gap, causing them to spiral outward and increase in speed. When used for electrons, it is called a betatron.

Uploaded by

Chris Miceli
Copyright
© Attribution Non-Commercial (BY-NC)
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
876 views

Hyperphysics Phy Astr Gsu Edu

The cyclotron was one of the earliest particle accelerators and uses a magnetic field to bend charged particles like electrons into a semicircular path between accelerations from an electric field. The electric field accelerates electrons between magnetic poles called "dees" and the magnetic field is reversed at the cyclotron frequency to accelerate the electrons back across the gap, causing them to spiral outward and increase in speed. When used for electrons, it is called a betatron.

Uploaded by

Chris Miceli
Copyright
© Attribution Non-Commercial (BY-NC)
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
You are on page 1/ 2

Cyclotron

The cyclotron was one of the earliest types of particle accelerators, and is
still used as the first stage of some large multi-stage particle accelerators.
It makes use of the magnetic force on a moving charge to bend moving
charges into a semicircular path between accelerations by an applied
electric field. The applied electric field accelerates electrons between the
"dees" of the magnetic field region. The field is reversed at the cyclotron
frequency to accelerate the electrons back across the gap.

Index

Electromagnetic
force
When the cyclotron principle is used to accelerated electrons, it has been
historically called a betatron. The cyclotron principle as applied to Magnetic field
electrons is illustrated below. concepts

Note: these illustrations are grossly simplified for demonstration fo the


cyclotron principle. In current practice sine waves are used for the
acceleration and the "dees" are resonant cavities favoring one
frequency. The magnetic fields are typically altered to keep the
acceleration condition optimized, even when speeds become high
enough that relativistic corrections are necessary.
Magnetic interactions with charge Magnetic force applications
HyperPhysics***** Electricity and Magnetism Go Back

Cyclotron Frequency
A moving charge in a
cyclotron will move in a

converted by Web2PDFConvert.com
cyclotron will move in a
circular path under the
influence of a constant
magnetic field. If the time to
complete one orbit is
calculated:

Index

Electromagnetic
it is found that the period is force
independent of the radius.
Therefore if a square wave is Magnetic force
applied at angular frequency
qB/m, the charge will spiral Magnetic field
outward, increasing in concepts
speed.

When a square wave of angular frequency

is applied between the two sides of the magnetic poles, the charge will be
boosted again at just the right time to accelerate it across the gap. Thus the
constant cyclotron frequency can continue to accelerate the charge (so long
as it is not relativistic).
HyperPhysics***** Electricity and Magnetism Go Back

converted by Web2PDFConvert.com

You might also like