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Computer Programming: Decision Making in C If-Else Construct

This document discusses decision making and conditional statements in C programming. It covers the if statement, if-else statement, and conditional operator. The if statement executes code if a condition is true. The if-else statement executes one block of code if the condition is true and another block if it is false. Logical and relational operators can combine conditions. Braces are needed to execute multiple statements in if and else blocks. If-else statements can be nested. The conditional operator evaluates an expression and returns one value if it is true and another value if it is false.

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Abhishek Bhardwaj
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© Attribution Non-Commercial (BY-NC)
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56 views

Computer Programming: Decision Making in C If-Else Construct

This document discusses decision making and conditional statements in C programming. It covers the if statement, if-else statement, and conditional operator. The if statement executes code if a condition is true. The if-else statement executes one block of code if the condition is true and another block if it is false. Logical and relational operators can combine conditions. Braces are needed to execute multiple statements in if and else blocks. If-else statements can be nested. The conditional operator evaluates an expression and returns one value if it is true and another value if it is false.

Uploaded by

Abhishek Bhardwaj
Copyright
© Attribution Non-Commercial (BY-NC)
Available Formats
Download as PPT, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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Computer Programming

Lecture 8
Decision making in C
if-else construct

1
Agenda
• Decision making
• Implementation in C
• if, if-else constructs
• Conditional statement

2
Decision making
• Till now, we have covered programs involving
sequential set of instructions
• However, in practice, many times, we want to
run a set of instructions for one condition and
another set of instructions for another
condition
• Essentially, we want a decision making
• Saying, If condition is true, do this else do that

3
Implementation in C
• Decision making is implemented in C using the
following three statements:-
– if statement
– if else statement
– Conditional statement

4
Part-1
if statement

if else statement

Conditional statement

5
if statement
• General Form:

Examples ?

6
Condition – true or false
• Condition expression in if statement evaluates
to either true or false
• Non-zero value is true and zero is false
eg.
if(4/3) is true and if(3/4) is false

7
Logical Operators
• Conditions can be combined using logical
operators
• Three logical operators are:-
– AND, &&
– OR, ||
– NOT, !

8
Operator Precedence (revisited)
• Logical and relational operators are added
• So, lets review the precedence !

9
Scope – if statement
• Default scope of if-statement is immediately
next statement after if condition
• If more than one statements are to be
executed within an if-statement then
{ } are to be used

10
Multiple if statements
• There can be multiple if-statements within a
single if-statement
• Example:-
if (condition1)
if (condition2)
if (condition3)
…. so on

11
Part-2
if statement

if else statement

Conditional statement

12
if else statement
• Can we execute a set of statement if the
condition is NOT satisfied ?
• Yes, after the else keyword
• Statements after the if belong to if-block and
after the else belong to else-block
• Default scope of else statement is statement
immediately after else
– So, to execute more than one statement in else
block, use { }
13
Nest if-else
• Entire if-else construct can be placed within
– if block
– else block
• No limit to nesting
• Please do proper indenting
– Helps in readability of program

14
Part-2
if statement

if else statement

Conditional statement

15
Conditional operator
• Also called as ternary operator
• Two operators ( ? and : ) are involved with
three operands
• General form:
expression1 ? expression 2 : expression 3
• If expression 1 is true, then value returned will
be expression 2 else expression 3

16
Questions

17

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