The Human Heart

The heart is considered a

“myocardial” muscle
It is both a muscle and an
organ
It is a muscle because it
has contractions in it’s
operations
It is an organ because it
has a “function” in the
human body
 Parts of the Human Heart
 The human heart has over 20 parts to it
 The human heart has it’s own “battery
Pack”
 The human heart has two different
compressions
 The human heart is divided into two
sections
 The human heart has 4 chambers
 Myocardial Muscle Tissue
 Heart tissue contracts because of it’s
“nodes”(battery type)
 Heart tissue never rests
 The human heart can have over 250
contractions(beats)per minute
 The human heart at rest can have as few
as 45 contractions/beats per minute
 The human heart does not reach tetnae
because of lactic acid build up
 Chambers
 The heart has 4 chambers
 The inferior chambers of the heart pump
blood out of the organ
 The superior chambers brings blood into
the heart
 Valves allow blood to flow from one
chamber to the next
 Path of Blood
 Deoxygenated blood comes to the heart
though two large veins called the Inferior
and Superior Vena Cava’s
 The Inferior Vena Cava returns blood to
the heart from the inferior part of the
human body
 The Superior Vena Cava returns blood to
the heart from the thorasic cavity and
superior to that area of the body
 Right Atrium
 The Right Atrium is the smallest chamber
of the human heart
 It is a storage area for blood to be held
until it is pumped into the Right Ventricle
 The valve between the Right Atrium and
the Right Ventricle is the Atrioventricular
Valve
 Right Ventricle
 The Right Ventricle is larger than the Right
Atrium
 The Right Ventricle pumps blood into the
Pulmonary Arteries that go to the lungs
 The valve between the Right Ventricle and
the Pulmonary Arteries is the Semilunar
Valve
 Pulmonary Arteries
 The Pulmonary Arteries deliver blood to
the Right and Left Lungs
 The Arteries become smaller Arterioles
 The Arterioles slowly become smaller
Arterial Capillaries
 Osmosis
 Waste gases (carbon dioxide/Lactic Acid)are
delivered in blood from the Pulmonary Arteries
 Osmosis is the process of gases moving from
levels of high pressure to areas having lower
pressure
 Osmosis takes place in the Alveolis of the Lungs
 Humans inhale gas that is mostly Oxygen
 Humans exhale gas that is mostly Carbon
Dioxide (sometimes it has Lactic Acid in it also if
you are exercising)
 Osmosis
 Gases change places in the Alveolis
because the pressure is greater in the
opposing areas
 Capillaries are microscopic blood vessels
carrying only one red blood cell at a time
 Capillary walls are very thin
 Because of the thin capillary walls, gas can
go through them to the other side
 Gas Exchange
 Carbon Dioxide exchanges places with
Oxygen within the lung’s alveoli
 Humans then exhale the waste gases of
Carbon Dioxide and Lactic Acid
 Oxygen is taken into the microscopic
capillaries back to larger venules and then
to the Pulmonary Veins
 Pulmonary Veins
 These veins are the only place in the
Human Body where oxygenated blood
travels.
 All other veins in the Human Body carry
only deoxygenated blood
 Pulmonary Veins lead the newly
oxygenated blood back to the Left Atrium
 Left Atrium
 The Left Atrium is larger than the Right
Atrium
 The Left Atrium contracts to move
oxygenated blood to the Left Ventricle
 The valve blood leaves through to the Left
Ventricle is the Mitrol Valve
 Left Ventricle
 The Left Ventricle is the largest, strongest,
thickest Chamber in the Human Heart
 The Left Ventricle contracts with greater
force than any of the other Chambers
 The Left Ventricle contracts strong enough
to create “Blood Pressure” thoughout all of
the bodies Arteries
 Blood leaves the Heart though the Aortic
Valve into the Aortea
 Nodes
 The Human Heart has two Nodes that aid
in the contractions of the Chambers
 The Sinoarterial Node is found in the
superior section of the Right Atrium
 The Atrioventricular Node is found
between the Right Atrium and Right
Ventricle
 Nodes have electrical power to cause the
Chambers to contract in a timely manner.
 Blood Pressures
 Distole
 Happens when the Atriums contract and push
blood into the ventricles
 Does not take a large amount of pressure to do
this
 Systole
 Happens when the Ventricles contract and push
blood out of the heart
 Takes a tremendous amount of pressure to
pump blood into the Aorta
 Arteries vs. Veins
 All Arteries in your body lead away from the
Heart
 All Veins in your body lead to the Heart
 The only Artery that does not carry
“oxygenated” blood is the Pulmonary Artery
 The Pulmonary Artery takes de-oxygenated
blood from the Right Ventricle to the Lungs to
drop off Waste Gases
 The Pulmonary Vein brings back oxygenated
blood from the lungs
 Circulatory System
 Blood leaving the Heart through the Aorta will
take about 20-30 seconds to return to the Heart
 Blood leaving Aorta will branch off and go
different directions every time it leaves the Heart
 All blood returning to the Heart travels through
the Liver first to be refined
 All blood has to go through these organs every
time it circulates: Heart, Lungs, Liver, Kidneys
 Otherwise, blood does not go to every cell in the
body
 Heart Valves
 Heart Valves are created in a way that
blood can only go “One Way”
 Blood should not ever flow backwards
 The Heart Valves should have “integrity”
Or be “blood proof”