Copy Milling Machine
Copy Milling Machine
INDEX
TOPIC CONTENT PAGE NO
1.1-1.3 INTRODUCTION 3
7.1-7.2 MAINTENANCE 65
9. SOURCE 70
10. BIBLOGRAPHY 72
SHREERAM POLYTECHNIC
COPY MILLING MACHINE 2
ACKNOWLEDGEMENT
We express esteemed gratitude and our sincere thanks to our worthy lecturer guide
Prof.Ambadekar, project incharge Prof V. P. Hiwanj, H.O.D. Prof R. O.
Gawande,and principal Prof A.P.Patil.Our vocabulary do not have suitable words
benefiting to high standard at knowledge and extreme sincerity , deviation and
affection with they have regularly encourage us to put heart and soul in this work
of manufacturing Copy Milling Machine.
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CHAPTER NO.01
INTRODUCTION
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1. Introduction
1.1 What is milling ?
Milling is a machine process in which material is removed by rotation multiple
tooth cutter. As the cutter rotates each tooth removes a small amount of material
from the advancing work for each spindle (rotation) revolution . The relative
motion between the work piece and the cutter can in be any direction. Surface
having any orientation can be machined in milling.
1. Mechanical
2. Hydraulic
3. Electric
Copy milling machines with tow axis tracing are equipped with flat template .
Irregular countours , radial cam profile ,or constant depth grooves like that of
fixtures can be milled on this machine .This machine is provided with a tracer unit
having an manually controlled steering mechanism. In manual operation the
worker constantly sense the contract with the template or masterpiece and adjust
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the direction of the bias pressure applied to the stylus rod , so that always remain in
contact with template and guide itself automatically around the contour of template
in the longitudinal plane.
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CHAPTER NO.02
SELECTION OF MATERIAL
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2. Material Selection
The proper material selection for the different parts of machine is main
objective in the fabrication of machine. For a design engineer it is must that
he is familiar with the effects which the manufacturing process and heat
treatment have on the material.
1. Strength
2. Stress
3. Stiffness
4. Elasticity
5. Plasticity
6. Ductility
7.Brittleness
8.Malliability
9.Toughness
10.Resilience
11.Creep
12.Hardness
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Fixture plate
4 UPPER ARM
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5. COLUMN
M.S.Flat(Bright) 25 X 6 X 30 X 1
M.S.Flat(Bright) 30 X 8 X 30 X 2
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Chapter no.03
Construction and working
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Group I : Bed and base upon which the various subassemblies are mounted .
Group II : Box type housing which individual units are assembled like spindle
and pinion mechanism.
Group III : Parts that serve for supporting and moving the workpiece like spindle
units and fixture for holding the component .
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Table
Column
Spindle Units
Tracer Arm
Main Arm
Pinion Mechanism
Fixture
3.1 BED :- It is the bottom most part of machine on which various other
parts are mounted like table, column, arm. The bed of this machine is
manufactured from two c-channels on top of which three plates at right
angle are welded.
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The travel of the table ‘x’ and ‘y’ direction are as follows :
3.3 COLUMN :- The column of this machine holds the over arm
which in turn holds the spindle and spindle driving mechanism. During the
operation of the machine, tool the structures are subjected to compound
loading and their resultant deformation consist of torsion, bending and
tension or compression. Thus looking at all different constraints of loading
for clamping at arm and as the load, which is experienced by the column, is
less circular section of the column is chosen.
Column piped is welded to the plate perpendicular to its axis the outer face
of the plate is faced and the pipe is turned. Four web are welded to the bed
with the help of 4 bolts. The column is crome plated so as to increase the
appearance and the surface finish of the column, crome plating is done to
prevent corrosion.
3.4 SPINDLE UNITS :- The spindle units of the machine hold the
cutter in the spindle and satisfies the following requirement :
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• The spindle units must have a fixture, which provide quick and
reliable centering and clamping of the cutting tool.
Rack has been cut on housing surface to length of 95mm with the
rack and vertical motion of the tool is obtained as in the case of drilling
machine.
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through the ring threaded to the housing. This facility the simultaneously
vertical movement of the spindle and the tracer arm.
A chuck has been threaded to the lower end of the tracer arm to
hold the pilots. However for extreme, accuracy and precision collects are
used. The operator always constantly senses the contact with the template of
master and adjusts the direction of the bios pressure applied to the
longitudinal plane.
3.6 MAIN ARM :- The upper arm is the most precision part of the
machine, as it has maintain parallelity between the column, tracer arm and
the spindle. The parallelity between the three parts is responsible for precise
and accurate operation of the machine, the achieve this objective two
complete holes and one semicircular hole is board in the upper arm. A slot
has been machined beyond hole on the end for effective champing the upper
arm to the column at right angle.
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in relation to the rack, which has been machined on the spindle housing.
This pinion meshes with rack on the housing. The gear has keyed to stepped
shaft to prevent its rotation relatives to the shaft. This pinion is used raised
or lower the spindle housing.
The bush no. 4 is fitted inside the bore in the upper arm. It
provides a greater supporting length to the rotating spacer and shaft
• Intermediate position
• Final position
Top Position :- The collar provided on spindle housing obtained the top
position of spindle , and it is the starting position of cutter.
Intermediate position :- Depending upon the position of the first cut and
the thickness of sheet this intermediate position is adjusted .This is obtained
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The rear fixture consists of the plate on the top of which the
template is directly mounted. The centre distance between the front and the
rear fixture is maintained to 120 mm apart.
There are two cuts in between fixture plates so as to provide space for cutter to
move inside the profile. Spring ate fitter in and dowel so as to provide auto lifting
of the top plate of fixture. This makes it easy to load and unload the work piece. In
this profile of the template is same as that is of the profile of the spectacles.
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CHAPTER NO :04
DESIGN OF PROJECT
Design of machine
4.1 Spindle
Material used for spindle=EN8(C-45)
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Torque Calculation:
N=120rpm
Power of motion=1/2HP
Torque =60P/2X3.14XN
=29.68N-mx1000 = 29.68X10^3N-mm
=0.18 X 600
=108Mpa
= 0.35 X 380
=68.8Mpa
68.8Mpa=(16 x T x1000)/d3
d=19.07=20.00mm
We have chosen bearing No.6204 for the spindle. The diameter at which chuck is
bearing fitted is the minimum diameter i.e.10mm, which is also quite safe
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The construction of the machine has been explained in the previous topic:
Let,
Lc = length of cage
total travel=2(L-Lc)
L=230
LC=130
Total travel=2(L=Lc)
L=230
Lc=150
=2(80)
=160mm
The equation is valid for when the roller cage is in the center of the guide
ways and the moving members.
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= 20mm
= 25mm
= 45mm
Therefore , the position of the spindle can be set anywhere between 25mm
& 45mm
4 .4 Design of the travel of the pinion and the position of the groove
for locking the spindle
Pinion PCD = 29mm
Oc X D = 25mm x 180/3.14
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= 25/29 x 180/3.14
Oc = 41.49
Hence the pinion has to rotated at an angle of 41.49 from its initial position such
that the spindle travels by 18mm downward the groove is cut at this angle from the
starting point on the bush in the pinion mechanism.
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2. Table Travel
3. Spindle Travel
Maximum=45mm
Minimum=25mm
4. Spindle rpm=120rpm
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CHAPTER NO:-05
PROCESS SHEET
TABLE NO. 1
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length of 200mm
9. Turn dia 19 to a Lathe & 509 0.4 - 31.00
length of 108 mm turning tool
10. Unclamp over turn Lathe - - 60 -
the job
11. Turn the remaining Lathe & 509 0.4 - 42.00
length to a dia of turning tool
20 mm
12. Relieve to dia 19 Lathe & 509 0.4 - 17.68
mm a length of 16 parting tool
mm
13. Turn the remaining Lathe & 509 0.4 - 6.40
length of 22 mm to turning tool
a dia of 10 mm
14. Threading of M10 Lathe & 90 0.8 - 36.60
on the dia 10 mm threading tool
for a length of 22
mm
TABLE NO. 2
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length of 15 mm tool
11. Remove the job & Lathe - - 200 -
load it
On other side
12. Do facing on other Lathe, facing 182 0.4 - 28.84
face tool
13. Turn the Lathe, turning 182 9,4 - 20.00
remaining length tool
to a dia 65 mm
14. Turn the collar to Lathe, turning 182 0.4 - 5.00
a length of 3 mm tool
& dia 69 mm
15. Bore dia 50 mm to Lathe, boring 235 0.25 - 61.20
a length of 15 mm tool
16. Do threading from Lathe, 90.8 0.8 - 75.00
end A to a length threading tool
30 mm
17. Remove the job & Milling - - 600 -
load it on a milling machine
machine
18. Index after every Milling - - 810 =
finishing machine
Cut
19. Cut rack to a Milling 140 0.1 90 250.00
length of 95 mm machine rack mm/toot
cutter h
20. Remove & unload Milling - - 90 -
the job machine
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TABLE NO. 3
: ( 30 X 30 X 8) X 2
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on face AA
2. Turn to dia 82 a Lathe turning 149.8 0.4 - 40.05
length of 40mm tool
from AA
3. Mount center drill Lathe, center - - 60 5
& center drill on drill & drill
face AA chuck
4. Replace drill by Lathe, drill dia 382 0.1 60 102.00
dia 10 drill & drill 10 drill chuck
to a length of 65
mm
5. Replace dia 10 Lathe, drill dia 153 0.1 60 155.00
drill by dia 25 drill 25 drill chuck
& drill to a length
of 65 mm
6. Bore to dia 65 mm Lathe 7 boring 190 0.25 - 656.85
tool
7. Unload over turn Lathe - - 90 -
& true the job
8. Face BB Lathe & facing 149.8 0.4 = 8.51
tool
9. Turn the remaining Lathe & turning 149.8 0.4 = 25.03
length to dia 82 tool
10. Unload & mount it Drilling machine - - 90 -
drill machine
11. Mount dia 10 drill Drilling,machine 382 0.1 60 13.35
& drill dia 10 drill 7
drill chuck
12. Unload & mount it Slotting m/c - - 200 -
on a slotting m/c
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TABLE NO. 4
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tool199
7. Turn to dia 65 for a Lathe turning 143 0.4 = 15.73
length of 15 mm tool
8. Make a groove of Lathe, parting 143 0.4 - 12.60
dia 80 & length 6 tool
mm
9. Parting operation at Lathe, parting 143 0.4 - 33.00
distance of 10 mm tool
from outer end
10. Unload, over turn, Lathe - - 200 -
clamp & true the
job in the chuck
11. Face BB Lathe, facing 143 0.4 - 46.60
tool
12. Threading of M10 Lathe, 90 0.8 60 16.00
for a length of threading tool
10mm (internal
threading)
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TABLE No. 5
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TABLE NO. 6
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TABLE NO. 7
Part No. : PU.03
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TABLE N.08:
Part No. : PU -04
Part Name : M.S.
Material : M.S. NET WEIGHT :750
Blank size : DIA 63X30mm Gms
SR. MACHINE & SPEED FEED TIME
NO OPERATION EQUIPEMENT rpm mm/rev SET M/Cing
USED UP
1 Load the job & Lathe - - 80 -
true it
2 Face BB Lathe facing 202.1 0.4 - 46.74
tool
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milling cutter
3 Milling of v Milling 120 0.22 - 568.00
grooves of length machine
of 250 on side A Milling cutter
4 Unload & overturn Milling - - 300 -
the job machine
5 Milling of v Milling 120 0.22 - 568.00
grooves of length machine,
of 250 on side B milling cutter
6 Unload the job & Drilling - - 300 -
mount it on drilling machine
machine
7 Drill 4 inclined Drilling 3600 0.075 200 3.55
holes of dia. 4 machine
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TABLE NO. 11 :
Part No. : TU -03
Part Name : GUIDE WAYS
Material : ALLUMINIUM NET WEIGHT :
Blank size : (255X200X18)4PIECES 450Gms
SR. MACHINE & SPEED FEED TIME
NO OPERATION EQUIPEMENT rpm mm/rev SET M/Cing
USED UP
1 Load the job on Milling 140 0.22 300 97.40
milling machine & machine side
do side milling on milling cutter
both ends (AA-
BB)
2 Milling V grooves Milling 120 0.22 200 568.00
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TABLE NO.12:
Part No. : TU -04
Part Name : ROLLER CAGE
Material : ALLUMINIUM NET WEIGHT :
Blank size : 400Gms
(8X8X140)X2&(8X8X150)X2
SR. MACHINE & SPEED FEED TIME
NO OPERATION EQUIPEMENT rpm mm/rev SET M/Cing
USED UP
1 Finishing the edges Hand file - - - 300
at right angle
2 Mount it on Drilling - - 60 -
drilling machine Machine
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TABLE NO.13:
Part No. : BA -01
Part Name : BASE (BED)
Material : M.S. NET WEIGHT :11 KG
Blank size : CHANNEL
75X40X430X2pcs
PLATE
40X6X260X2pcs
SR. MACHINE & SPEED FEED TIME
NO OPERATION EQUIPEMENT rpm mm/rev SET M/Cing
USED UP
1 Welding of all - - - 1800
three plates on top
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of channel
2 L oading on Shaper - - 300 -
shaping machine
3 Shaping bottom Shaper - - - 1500
face of the C
channels
4 Unload & overturn Shaper - - 300 -
the job
5 Shaping on the top Shaper - - - 4000
surface of the base
(three plate)
6 Unload & remove Shaper - - 60 -
the job
7 Mount the job on Drilling - - 60 -
drilling machine machine
8 Drilling of dia. (8 Drilling 477.46 0.1 180 120
holes) machine dia.8
drill, drill
chuck
9 Unload the job & vice - - 180 -
clamp It in vice
10 Do tapping in 4 Tapping tool , - - - 1800
holes oil, tap holder
11 Unload the job - - - 15 -
TABLE NO.14:
Part No. : co-01
Part Name : column
Material : M.S. NET WEIGHT :5.5
Blank size : PIPE-Dia.62.5x142x8mm KG
SR. MACHINE & SPEED FEED TIME
NO OPERATION EQUIPEMENT rpm mm/rev SET M/Cing
USED UP
1 Drill 4 holes of dia. Drilling 382 0.1 220 60.00
10 in plate machine
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12 Unload - - - - -
13 Weld 4 webs to the Welding - - - 1800
pipe machine
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TABLE NO.15:
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TABLE NO.:16
Part No. : FX-01
Part Name : BASE PLATE
Material : M.S. NET WEIGHT :11 KG
Blank size : 50X20X240 (2pcs)
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chuck
4 Unload drill Drilling - - 60 -
dia.7& mount machine,
counter boring tool counter boring
tool
5 Counter bore all 5 Drilling 955 0.1 80 50.00
holes machine,
counter boring
tool
6 Unload the counter Drilling - - 60 -
bore and mount machine dia.5
dia.5 drill drill
7 Drill dia.5 (2 Drilling 955 0.1 80 50.00
holes) to a length machine dia.5
of 20 mm drill
8 Drill dia. 4 to Drilling 955 0.1 130 25.13
length of 20mm(2 machine dia.4
holes) drill
9 Counter bore dia. Drilling - - 60 30
10 in two holes of machine
dia.5 to a length of Counter boring
10mm tool
10 Unload and tap Tap set - - 60 1200
M5 in dia. 4 holes
M8 in dia.7 holes
11 Unload the job - - - 30 -
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TABLE NO.17:
Part No. : FX-02
Part Name : FIXTURE PLATE FOR
JOB NET WEIGHT :1 KG
Material : M.S.
Blank size : 75X6X174
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TABLE NO.18:
Part No. : FX-03
Part Name : CLAMPING PLATE
Material : M.S. NET WEIGHT :1.5
Blank size : 25X25X75(2NOS) KG
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TABLE NO.19:
Part No. : FX-04
Part Name : FIXTURE PLATE FOR
TEMPLATE NET WEIGHT :0.5
Material : M.S. KG
Blank size : 75X6X175
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CHAPTER NO:-06
TESTING OF MACHINE
The testing of the body or frame is mainly depends upon the load which the
machine is going to take. The legs of the body should be at right angle to ground.
And the accuracy of alignment depends on the perpendicularity
Bevel protractor takes this test. Before testing the machine it is kept on surface
plate . Then it is leveled by spirit level. Then keeping the bevel protractor on
surface plate, which is already leveled to ground . Then attached to the protector
leg . We proceed for another leg . In this way test the perpendicularly of frame of
our copy milling machine.
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A. Longitudinal direction.
B. Transverse direction.
Procedure:- a spirit level is placed directly On the table for the longitudinal as
well
Procedure:- The over hanging arm is claimed in its extreme extended position.
Dial gauge is set to zero position, then moved along the over arm and the deviation
from parallelism observed on dial gauge or spirit level.
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CHAPTER NO:07
MAINTENANCE
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7.1 MAINTENANCE :-
For smooth sliding movement of base greasing is required.
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Always put the best guard on the pulleys. Use to have small of feel to save
cutter and motor.
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CHAPTER NO:08
COST ESTIMATION
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a. Fabricated components.
2. The rates of all standard items are taken and added up.
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Chapter no :09
Source
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Chapter no:10
Biblography
10. BIBLOGRAPHY :-
Following different references we are taken to make our project a successful
creation.
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www.wikipedia.com
BILL OF MATERIAL :-
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1 BA-01 BASE 1
2 CO-01 COLUMN 1
3 MA-01 MAIN ARM 1
4 TU-01 BOTTOM PLATE 1
5 TU-02 TOP PLATE 1
6 TU-03 GUIDE WAYS 4
7 TU-04 ROLLER CAGE 4
8 SU-01 SPINDLE 1
9 SU-02 HOUSING 1
10 SU-03 BOSS 1
11 SU-04 RING 1
12 PU-01 PINION SHAFT 1
13 PU-02 SPACER 1
14 PU-03 FIXED BUSH 1
15 PU-04 ADJUSTABLE 1
BUSH
16 FX-01 BASE PLATE 1
17 FX-02 FIXTURE PLATE 1
FOR JOB
18 FX-03 CLAMPING 1
PLTE
19 FX-04 CLAMPING 1
PLATE –
TEMPLTE
20 MOTOR ADJ. 1
MECH
21 MOTOR 1
CLAMPING
PLATE
22 MOTOR 1
0.5H.P.14215RPM
23 SPRING 5
24 ALEEN SCREW 22 S.T.D.
25 BALL OF DIA.8 1 S.T.D
26 ROLLERS 16 S.T.D
27 CHEESE HEAD 32 S.T.D
SCREW
28 WING NUTS 2 S.T.D
29 NUTS & BOLTS - S.T.D
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MATERIAL COST:-
5 COLUMN
Pipe(8mm) Dia65X325X1pcs 1.00 65.00 65.00
M.S. Flat(bright) 100X10X160X1pcs 4.50 55.00 248.00
M.S. Flat(bright) 25X6X30X1pcs 3.10 50.00 155.00
Dia.6 disc(6mm) 30X8X30X2pcs - 20.00
6 SPINDLE UNIT
spindle(EN-8) Dia25X255X1pcs 1.00 65.00 65.00
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