A Training Seminar ON

“AIRPORT AUTHORITY OF
INDIA”

UNDERGONE AT I.G.I AIRPORT

NEW DELHI
A Power Point Presentation by:
NITIN CHAUHAN
EC-A ( IV YR.)
1
 ABOUT AIRPORT AUTHORITY OF INDIA
• Airports Authority of India (AAI) was constituted by an Act of
Parliament and came into being on 1st April, 1995 by merging
erstwhile National Airports Authority and International Airports
Authority of India.
• The merger brought into existence a single Organization
entrusted with the responsibility of creating, upgrading,
maintaining and managing Civil Aviation infrastructure both on
the ground and air space in the country.
• AAI manages 126 airports, which include 11 international
airports, 89 domestic airports and 26 civil enclaves at Defence
airfields.
• AAI provides air navigation services over 2.8 million square
nautical miles of airspace. During the year 2002-03,
• AAI at various airports handled about 5 lakhs aircraft movements
(4 lakhs domestic and 1 lakh international);40 million passengers2
(26 million domestic and 14 million international) and 9 lakh
 Functions of AAI
• Control and management of the Indian airspace extending
beyond the territorial limits of the  country, as accepted by ICAO
• Design, Development, Operation and Maintenance of
International and Domestic Airports and Civil Enclaves.
• Construction, Modification and Management of Passenger
Terminals
• Development and Management of Cargo Terminals at
International and Domestic airports.
• Provision of Passenger Facilities and Information System at the
Passenger Terminals at airports.
• Expansion and strengthening of operation area viz. Runways,
Aprons, Taxiway, etc.
• Provision of visual aids.
• Provision of Communication and Navigational aids viz. ILS,
DVOR, DME, Radar, etc. 3
 Various units at AAI (IGI airport, Palam, New Delhi)
 Radar unit
 ASR site.
 ARSR site.
 AMSS or AFTN
 NAV-AIDS
 I.L.S.
 Radar.
 V.H.F
 H.F systems.
 V.H.F systems.
 Automation system
 LAN.
 TRS.
 RDPS.
 FDPS.
 DRF.
 OCP.
 TOWER POSITION.
 CMD.
 DMS. 4
FACILITIES TO AIRPORT GROUND STAFF

RADAR

AMSS OR AFTN

GPS TIME

VCCS

SITA LINK
5
 RADAR
 The ASR SITE: ASR radars are for approach control. ASR site has two
radars:-
 PSR
 Frequency : S - Band (2 - 4 GHz).
 Range : 60 NM.
 MSSR
 Frequency : L – Band (1 – 2 GHz).
 Range : 210 NM.
 The ARSR SITE – ARSR radars are for route control. ARSR site has two
radars.
 PSR
 Frequency : L - Band (1 - 2 GHz).
 Range : 220 NM.
 MSSR
 Frequency : L – Band (1 – 2 GHz).
6
 Range : 250 NM.
OUTPUT OF RADAR :-
Output of radar is achieved on raster screen (which stores
data). It provides the following data :-

• Range
• Azimuth angle
• Speed of aircraft
• Altitude
• SSR code

7
 AMSS OR AFTN
 Collects flight plans, related messages from airlines, private
operators etc.
 Distributes data to appropriate ATCS.
 Exchange data with another ATCS via AFTN.
 AMSS or AFTN provides following data :
 Flight data.
 MET information : Meteorological information.
 NOTAM : Notice to airmen.
 Service messages.
GPS TIME
It is also called time reference system.
VCSS
 It provides the operating personnel on the ground with
communication
access to each other. 8
 SITA LINK
It is a French company .
SITA stands for society of international telecommunication
association.
It provides information about the aircraft but cannot give speed,
temperature, environment etc.
SITA = ADS-C + CPDLC
ADS-C : automatic dependent surveillance contract.
CPDLC : controller pilot data link communication.

9
 FACILITIES TO
AIRCRAFT
NAVIGATIONAL AIDS COMMUNICATION SYSTEM

I.L.S RADAR V.H.F H.F

10
 NAV – AIDS
 I.L.S
 Localizer:- Helps aircraft to identify the central line of
runway.
 Range:- 10-25 NM
 Frequency:- 108-111.9 MHz

 D.M.E:- Gives the distance of aircraft from touch down

point.
 Range:- 50 NM
 Frequency:- 960-1215 MHz

 Glide Path:- Gives the glide angle i.e. angle of declination to

achieve for safe landing.
 Range:- 10 NM(-8 to +8 degrees)
 Safe glide angle:- 2-4 degrees

11
 Markers:- Indicate significant points along the approach
path.
there are two markers:-

 Middle marker:-
Range:- 17 NM & -35 to +35 degrees
 Outer marker:-
Range:- 25 NM &-10 to +10 degrees

 Locators:-Non directional beacon.

 V.O.R:- Transmit bearing signal that enroute aircraft

12
Diagram illustrates the functioning and positioning of NAV-AIDS

13
Location of nav-aids equipments at the runway

14
 RADAR
There are basically two types of radar
 S-band radar :- Range -50 NM.
Frequency – 2.7 to 2.9 GHz.
 L-band radar :-Range – 200 NM.
Frequency – 1.1 to 1.3 GHz.
COMMUNICATION SYSTEM
These elements cover ground to air and ground to ground
communication.
Enables the pilot to communicate with the controller in ATCS.
 High frequency (H.F) : Not in use now a days. But forms the
basis of VHF communication system.
 Frequency : 3 to 30 MHz.
 Very high frequency (V.H.F) : It has different frequencies for
communication of ground staff with aircrafts.
 Frequency : 118 to 136 MHz.
 Ground frequency : 121.9 MHz.
 Tower frequency : 118.1 MHz. 15

 Approach frequency : 127.1 MHz.

 T I O
M A
TO
AU N
EM
ST
SY

16
 AUTOMATION SYSTEM

Provides the air traffic controller with the information required for
the safe and efficient performance of their duties.

 Primary mission :
 To enhance the safety of air travel through the timely
acquisition and presentation of flight related data for use
by air traffic controller.

 Secondary mission :
 To support training of air traffic controllers and support
staff.
 To support evaluation of revised operational
environment, testing/evaluation of new system
functionality.
 Offline analysis of recorded data from system operation.
 Investigation of system anomalies.
17
 DBMS.
 Types of equipments in the unit

SUBSYSTEM SUBSYSTEM DESCRIPTION MAIN H/W CONFIG.

TYPE
RDPS Radar data processing system SUN FIRE-210
FDPS Flight data processing system SUN FIRE-210
DRF Data recording facility SUN FIRE-210
SDD Situation data display SUN BLADE-2500
FDD Flight data display SUN BLADE-1500
CMD Control and monitoring display SUN BLADE-1500
AIS Aeronautical information SUN BLADE-1500
system
DRA Direct radar access SUNFIRE-210
DMS Database management system SUN BLADE-1500
DUAL LAN N/W Connecting all the subsystems CAT-5 e
18
 AUTOMATION SYSTEM DESCRIPTION

Critical processing systems such as RDPS, FDPS and DRF have

redundant processors to eliminate the chance of a single point of
failure disrupting critical ATC functions.
All processing systems are interconnected via a dual 100T/1000T
Ethernet LAN. An optional third LAN is available to provide DRA .

19
 LAN

Connects all the servers and workstations so that information can

be shared by all. Two types –
 LAN A (master LAN).
 LAN B (backup LAN).
 LAN C (DRA LAN).

 Hardware and interface description: It consists of three

Ethernet
switches.
 Built-in 10/100/1000 Ethernet port for LAN A.
 Either Built-in 10/100/1000 Ethernet port or a 10/100/1000
Ethernet PCI adapter (mounted within SUN processor) for LAN
B
 Each LAN connection is connected via a category 5 e cable
with a RJ-45 connector.
20
Software description: Controlled by network operating system (NOS)
software. It is a layer on top of the UNIX multi-tasking operating
system. NOS executes in every subsystem except the DMS subsystem.
NOS provide services to the application software in the following
areas –
 System service interface: It provides interface b/w
application or system tasks and the services supported by NOS.
It translates to UNIX system calls or library calls.
 Common n/w service elements: It supports communications
b/w the subsystems that are connected by LANs.
 Time distribution and maintenance: Periodically interrogates
TRS for current date and time and distributes to all subsystems on
LAN.
 I/O controllers: It contains services that allows application
tasks to interface with external devices ( i.e. radar interface).
 Task environment services: It contains services that provide
an environment that permits application tasks to execute as
independent entities. 21
 Printer Services: It provides n/w access to flight strip printers
 TRS

A GPS based time reference system provides precision timing

information to the automation system . It consists of an antenna,
receiver, a time and frequency processor module at each server .

 H/W and Interface Description :

 GPS antenna picks up an amplifies the GPS signal and feeds
the signal to the GPS receiver.

 The time and frequency processor as an adaptor with a DB-15

male to BNC female connector each .

 Signals are sent via RG – 58(50 ohm) coaxial cables.

22
 RDPS
Its main purpose is to process radar data . This includes returns
consisting of both PSR & SSR track data from detected aircraft .
Its supply target track and flight plan data to the SDDs via the
LAN.
It generates reports for display at the CMD . It makes data available
for recording at DRF.
 H/W and Interface Description : It consists of a SUN
workstation/ server, a time and frequency processor card that
accepts and IRIG- B supplied by the TRS to synchronize RDPS
to GPS or UTC time .
 Various modes:
 On – line In-Use: Normal operations.
 On-line available : Replaces any on – line in use
RDPS with minimum start up processing .
 Off-Line Available: Transitional state b/w off – line
maintenance and the on-line available . 23
 Off-line maintenance: Off -line for diagnostic testing
 FDPS

Its main purpose is to create and update flight plans based on

information received from external sources i.e. input from FDD
position s and ATS messages via AFTN .
It analyzes flight plan routes , performing flight plan conversion, flight
plan status etc.

 S/W Description : It executes FDP s/w , which performs

reprocessing required to establish and maintain the flight plan
database.
 Major functions of FDP s/w are:
 Flight Plan Data Management
 Supplement Information Management
 FDPS Control

24
 DRF

It records & allows the replay of ATC data . Data is recorded from
all subsystems onto digital audio tape(DAT) and hard disk.

 H/W & Interface Description: It consists of two SUN 12 GB

4mm DDS- 3 Tape Drives that are daisy chained and connected
to SCSI port of SUN server .

 S/W Description: The data is recorded onto disk to support

playback of recent events & onto a DAT to support playback of
events that had been achieved .

25
 OPC

Its primary function is to control aircraft that enters its assigned

area of jurisdiction and to monitor aircraft flight plan progress .
 H/W & Interface Description: It consists of FDD / ADD,
FDD/ADD/DLD, FDD/DLD each consist of a SUN workstation /
Server as well as a keyboard and a mouse.
 S/W Description : It runs in the SDD processor , provides the
processing required to display track and flight data received
from RDPS.
TOWER POSITION
Its primary function is to monitor air traffic in the immediate
area .
 H/W and Interface Description: It consist of FDD / ADD
using SUN workstations/ servers with keyboard and mouse. There is26
a graphic card on the PCI bus that drives a high bright tower
 CMD

It provides an integrated capabilities for control and monitoring of

the automation components and radar .

 H/W & Interface Description: It consists of a SUN

workstation / server , a keyboard , a mouse , and a display that is
connected to the built in video on the system board . A printer is
connected to the serial port via a custom RS- 232 null modem cable to
print out system status information .

 S/W Description: It is the interface for supervisors to monitor

and control system failures and configuration changes .

27
 DMS

It serves as an off-line workstation for generating and preparing

site adaption parameters .

 H/W and Interface Description : It consist of SUN

workstation / Server a keyboard and a mouse . A display is
connected to the built in video on the system board . A laser
printer can be accessed via the automation system LAN (If
configured ).

 S/W Description: It provides the facilities to define sets of

adaption data that can be used in the system .

28
 CONCLUSION

• Automation system forms the nerves of the

airport without which the very existence of
airport is impossible.
• During our training period we got an opportunity
to see many of the equipments like the radar,
VOR, DME, ILS, AUTOMATION SYSTEM etc.

29
 References

• Manuals provided at the time of training.

• AAI website.

30
 OU
Y
N K
HA QU
T ER
IES
? ??
31