k|]d / ljjfx
– :jfdL cfgGb c?0f
cf]zf]sf] wf/0ff 5 – h;/L cfkm\g} uf]qdf ljjfx ug{ jlh{t 5 To:t} cfkm\gf] hflt /
If]qdf klg ljjfxnfO{ ;Lldt /fVg'x'Gg . cGthf{lto / cGtb]{lzo ljjfxnfO{ k|f]T;fxg
ug'{k5{ . ha Ps} kl/jf/df ljleGg b]z / hfltsf dflg;x¿ Ps;fy a:g yfN5g\ ta
dfq xfdL If'q hfltotf / /fli6«otfsf] ;+s0f{tfaf6 aflx/ lg:sg ;S5f}+ / cfkm\g} uf]qsf
aLr ljjfx grnfpg' k5fl8 j}1flgs sf/0f 5 . j}1flgsx¿ eG5g\ – hLgx¿ hlt
6f9fsf x'G5g\ To;n] Tolt g} km/s lsl;dsf cg'ejx¿nfO{ cfkm"leq ;+ufn]sf] x'G5 .
To;sf/0f ef}uf]lns tyf ;f+:s[lts ¿kn] leGg kl/l:yltaf6 cfPsf cfdf / a'afaf6
k}bf ePsf ;Gtfgdf cfpg] hLgdf ;dflxt ljljw cg'ejsf sf/0f tL ;Gtfgx¿
k|ltefzfnL x'G5g\ / km/s tyf ljifd ;fdflhs kl/l:yltdf af“Rg a9L ;Ifd x'G5g\ .
clxn] ;+;f/ e/L g} h'g wfld{s, hflto pGdfb / lx+;f, If]lqo / efiffut k[ystfjfbL
cfuf] ;lNsg yfn]sf] 5 To;nfO{ k|]dk"j{s lj;h{g ug]{ Ps pkfo cGthf{lto ljjfx klg
xf] .
lj;f}+ ztfAbLsf csf{ j|mflGtsf/L b|i6f s[i0fd"lt{sf] ljjfxk|ltsf] wf/0ff klg cf]zf]sf] h:t}
5.
hlt d a'4k'?ifx¿sf] cWoog ul//x]sf] 5', s] e]6fp“5' eg] pgLx¿sf] wf/0ffdf Ps
k|sf/sf] cfGtl/s ;fd~h:o x'G5 / Pp6} cGtwf{/f alx/x]sf] x'G5 . o:tf] lsgx'G5 eg]
a'4k'?ifx¿sf] o:tf cleJolQm cdgL l:ylt -gf] dfOG8_ af6 k}bf x'G5 . cdgL
l:ylt ;fd"lxs cltr]tgsf] cj:yf xf] . o:tf] l:yltdf O{Zjl/o wf/0ffsf] cjt/0f x'G5,
JolQmut x'“b}g . To;sf/0f ulx/f] ¿kdf x]¥of] eg] a'4, s[i0f, lh;;\, cf]zf], s[i0fd"lt{,
/d0f / lzjk'/Lafaf h:tf OZjl/o r]tgfdf k'u]sf JolQmsf] wf/0ffdf Ps
cfGtl/s ;d¿ktf kfOG5 .
o; ljkl/t a'4Laf6 dfq} ljZn]if0f ug]{ ljrf/sx¿sf] ljrf/df JolQmjflbtf / cxd\ efj
k|jn x'G5 lsgeg] Tof] lgtfGt åGbu|:t dgaf6 plAhPsf] x'G5 . dgaf6 k}bf ePsf Pp6}
JolQmsf ljrf/ klg ljleGg k/l:yltdf leGg leGg x'G5g\ . To;sf/0f dgsf] ;Ldfdf /x]/
ul/Psf ljrf/sf sf/0fn] g} ;+;f/df oqf] czflGt 5, lx+;f / åGb 5 .
To;sf/0f dnfO{ ca of] :ki6 x'“b} cfO/x]sf] 5 ls JolQmut a'4Lafbaf6 k}bf ePsf
l;4fGtnfO{ lnP/ h:tf] ;'s} j|mflGt xfdL u/f}+ Tof] c;kmn g} eO/xG5 . k|To]s j|mflGtn]
k|ltj|mflGt hGdfp“5 / k|To]s kl/jt{gn] gof“–gof“ ljjfb / åGb pAhfp“5 .
o;sf] ;dfwfg s] t < hf] dgsf] ;Ldfsf] kf/ uO;s], ha;Dd xfdL pgLx¿nfO{ ;'Gb}gf}+
/ :jo+nfO{ JolQmut k"j{fu|xx¿af6 d'Qm ub}{gf}+ ta;Dd ;+;f/df lx+;f / åGb /f]ls+b}g, s'g}
g s'g} ¿kdf of] rlng} /xG5 . ta;Dd ;dflhs Gofo, zflGt, l:y/tf /
zf]if0f/lxt ;dfhsf] kl/sNkgf a8f] dgdf]xs wf/0ff t x'g;S5 oyfy{df kl/0ft
x'g;Sb}g .
ljjfx ;DalGw h]= s[i0fd"lt{sf] wf/0ffx¿ klg cf]zf] hlt s} /f]rs 5g\ . …@)–@%
jif{sf ;j{yf Ps csf{k|lt ckl/lrt / leGg ?lr ePsf o'jf o'jtLnfO{ NofP/ ca hLjg
cGt;Dd ;“u} a;, Pp6} vf6df ;'t egL ha xfdL afWo kfl/lbG5f}+ eg] of] c:jefljs
k|s[of x'g hfG5 .Ú
o'jf cj:yfdf sfdjf;gfsf] j]u k|jn x'G5 . To;nfO{ lgoldt / cg'zfl;t
ug{nfO{ ljjfxsf] ;+:yf v8f ePsf] xf] . ljjfxdf sfdsf nflu of}g ;bf cfk"lt{ eO/xG5
/ Tof] Pp6f cfbt aGg hfG5 . s[i0fd"lt{ eG5g\ – …k|To]s cfbtn] a'4LnfO{ ljvG8g
u5{ / k|1fnfO{ df5{ . To;sf/0f h'g ju{sf] ;'lglZrt cfo x'G5 Toxf“ k|v/ k|ltef k}bf
x'“b}g . To:t} ha ;'lglZrt of}g x'G5 / Ps ?l6g k|s[of x'g hfG5 / To;n] klg pjfp /
lbSsnfUbf] kl/j]z k}bf u5{ .Ú
t/ clxn] h'g ;fdflhs Joj:yf 5 To;df ljjfxsf] s'g} ljsNk b]lv+b}g . ljjfxsf] Ps
k|of]u clttdf xfdLn] u¥of}+ . b'O{ cGhfg JolQmnfO{ wfld{s, ;fdflhs / cfly{s qf; /
k|nf]eg b]vfO{ ;“u} a:g afWo kfl/lbof}+ . o; Joj:yfsf] cfkm\g} pkof]lutf /x\of] . t/
o;af6 k|]d eg] k}bf x'g ;s]g . s]6fs]6Lsf] kl/jf/sf] ;fdflhs / cfly{s x}l;ot ;fy}
lrgf l6Kkg x]/]/ nug ldnfpg] Hof]ltifn] klg of] k/Dk/fdf 7"nf] e"ldsf v]N5g\ . t/
hLjgko{Gt;“u} a:g'kg]{ JolQmsf] OR5f, cle?lr / ?emfgsf] s'g} lrGtf ul/b}+g . ljjfx
kl5 ;“u}sf] ;xjf; / ljz]if ¿kn] of}g t[lKtsf] cg'u|x :j?k Ps k|sf/sf] df]x k}bf x'G5
h;nfO{ ;fdflhs efiffdf k|]d elgG5 . t/ of] k|]d xf]Og, df]x xf] . oxL ;xjf;sf]
df]xaf6 hlGdof] –Oiof{, Psflwsf/sf] efjgf, zf]if0f / kfvG8k"0f{ ;fdflhs Jojxf/ .
d"ntM sfd t[lKtdf x'g] o; Joj:yfn] k"/} ;fdflhs Jojxf/nfO{ g} sfd's agfOlbof] .
o;sf] k|lts[of :j¿k klZrddf v'Nnfkg b]lvof] / To:tf] pGd'Qm kl/j]zdf k|]d ljjfxsf]
hGd eof] . o'jf o'jltn] c? s'/fsf] lrGtf gu/L cfk;L cfsif{0fsf] cfwf/df ljjfx
ug{ yfn] . t/ o;sf] cfkm\g} kL8f 5 . k|]d ljjfx;“u} kf/kfr's] klg z'¿ eof] .
;fdfGotM o'jf o'jtL ha :jtGq kl/j]zdf e]6\5g\ pgLx¿ aLr Ps tLa| h}ljs cfs{if0f
k}bf x'G5 / Tof] cfsif{0fn] a'4L ljj]snfO{ cGwf] kfl/lbG5 / To:tf] ljj]s wldlnPsf]
t'kmfgL cfsif{0fnfO{ To; If0fdf k|]d 7flgG5 . t/ To:tf] cfsif{0f zfl//Ls ldngsf]
lg/Gt/tf;u} IfL0f x'g yfN5 / s]xL ;do kl5 g} To:tf o'jfo'jlt cfkm"nfO{ 7luPsf]
cg'ej u5{g\ / 7"nf] ;Ddf]xgsf] :jKgaf6 z'? ePsf] o:tf] cfsif{0fsf] cGt oyfy{sf]
w/ftndf ljiffbk"0f{ x'G5 . To;sf/0f klZrddf k|]d ljjfxsf] cfo' 5f]l6\6/x]sf] 5
/ ;fdfGtotM #–$ jif{ leq} o:tf ljjfxx¿ kf/kfr's]df 6'luG5g\ .
k|]d Ps c1ft, ca'em cg'e"lt xf], slxn] sxf“ cjt/0f x'G5 / slxn] x/fp“5 Tof]
eGg ;lsGg . k|]ddf Ps b}jL cfs{if0f / k"0f{ ;dk{0fsf] efj x'G5 / Ps cflTds kl/t[lKt
klg . k|]d zfl//Ls sd, dfgl;s / cfWoflTds 36gf a9L xf], To;sf/0f k|]dsf nflu Ps
dfgl;s / cfWoflTds kl/kSstf klg rflxG5 . k|]d lg;t{ bfg xf] . k|]ddf lbg' g} kfpg'
xf] . ;fdfGotM cx+sf/L JolQmn] k|d ] ug{ ;Sb}g . cx+sf/ hlt bx|f] x'G5 sfdjf;gf Tolt
g} k|jn x'G5 . lsgeg] sfdjf;gfsf] r/d lzv/df xfdL If0f e/sf nflu cx+sf/af6
d'Qm x'G5f}+ / To; If0fdf xfd|f] If'b| JolQmut kl/ro x/fp“5 . To;sf/0f cx+sf/L JolQm
sfdsf] cfsif{0f /f]Sg ;Sb}g . Tof] p;n] hfg]sf] Ps dfq ;'v xf] . t/ k|]dLsf] cx+sf/
k|]d d} lj;lh{t x'G5 . ha xfdL cx+sf/af6 d'Qm x'G5f}+ xfdL k/dfTdf :j?k g} x'G5f} .
To;}sf/0f k|]dnfO{ ;a} wd{n] k/dfTdf eg]sf x'g\ .
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