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This document discusses exponential growth and decay models used in various contexts such as compound interest, radioactive decay, cooling, and drug elimination from the body. It provides the differential equations that describe these exponential processes and examples of using the equations to solve problems related to money compounding, radium decay, cooling coffee, and estimating anesthesia dosage for dogs.

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eperla
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59 views

6 4post

This document discusses exponential growth and decay models used in various contexts such as compound interest, radioactive decay, cooling, and drug elimination from the body. It provides the differential equations that describe these exponential processes and examples of using the equations to solve problems related to money compounding, radium decay, cooling coffee, and estimating anesthesia dosage for dogs.

Uploaded by

eperla
Copyright
© Attribution Non-Commercial (BY-NC)
Available Formats
Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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6.

4 Exponential Growth and Decay


dy
Growth and Decay Equations ÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄ = k y and y = y0 ek t
dt

A HtL = A0 J1 + ÄÄÄÄÄ N
r kt
Money compounding k times a year, where r is the rate
k

Money compounding continuously A HtL = A0 er t

ÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄ = -k HT - Ts L and T - Ts = HT0 - Ts L e-k t


dT
Newton ¢ s Law of Cooling,
dt
where T0 is the initial temperature, and Ts is the surrounding temperature

v = v0 e-I ÄÄÄÄmÄÄ M t
dv -k k
Motion of a Coasting Object, ÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄ = ÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄ v, and where k > 0, v0 is the initial velocity,
dt m
and m is the mass.

Solve the following differential equations in 1 and 2.

H1 + y2 L
2
dy dy
1. ÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄ = x2 e-y sec ey 2. ÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄ = ÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄ
dx dx x y ln x

dy
Find the solution to ÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄ = k y, with the given initial conditions in 3 and 4.
dt

3. k = 0.5, y H0L = 200 4. y H0L = 80, y H20L = 400


For an investment compounding continuously, find the missing values in 5 and 6.

5. If the initial deposit is $300, and it takes 10 years 6. If the annual rate is 6.5 %, and the amount of money
for the investment to double in value, how after 20 years will be $20, 000, find the initial amount
much money will be in the account after 30 years? in the account, and how long it will take for the
investment to double.

7. Radium has a half - life of approximately 1600 years. 8. A cup of coffee is placed in the microwave and
Find a formula for the amount of radium remaining if brought to a temperature of 125 °. The cup is
the initial amount is 50 milligrams. Find when there removed from the microwave and placed on the
will be 40 milligrams left. counter, where the room temperature is 75 °. Find
a formula for the temperature of the cup if it cools
to 100 ° in half an hour. Find the temperature at
the end of another half an hour.

9. Veterinarians use sodium pentobarbital to anesthetize animals. Suppose that to anesthetize a


dog, 30 milligrams are required for each kilogram of body weight. If the drug is eliminated
exponentially from the bloodstream, and half is eliminated in 4 hours, approximate the single
dose that will anesthetize a 20 kg dog for 45 minutes.

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