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Form 1 Science Chapter 5 Part 1

The document discusses the composition and properties of air. It states that air is a mixture composed primarily of nitrogen (78%), oxygen (21%), and trace amounts of other gases like carbon dioxide and inert gases. It also notes that air contains varying amounts of water vapor, microorganisms, and dust. The document then examines the properties of oxygen and carbon dioxide through various tests, finding that oxygen supports combustion and is neutral, while carbon dioxide is acidic and does not support combustion.

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4K views

Form 1 Science Chapter 5 Part 1

The document discusses the composition and properties of air. It states that air is a mixture composed primarily of nitrogen (78%), oxygen (21%), and trace amounts of other gases like carbon dioxide and inert gases. It also notes that air contains varying amounts of water vapor, microorganisms, and dust. The document then examines the properties of oxygen and carbon dioxide through various tests, finding that oxygen supports combustion and is neutral, while carbon dioxide is acidic and does not support combustion.

Uploaded by

qq235
Copyright
© Attribution Non-Commercial (BY-NC)
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
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Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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SCIENCE Form 1

UNIT 5 :
The Air Around Us
yschow@smkbpj(a) 1
5.1 The Composition of Air

• The Earth’s surface is surrounded by a larger of air


known as atmosphere

• Air is a mixture of various substances which is tasteless,


colourless and odourless but we can feel it through
wind when it moves
yschow@smkbpj(a) 2
• Nitrogen, oxygen, carbon dioxide and inert
gases have a fixed percentage of component
in the mixture of air

yschow@smkbpj(a) 3
• Other substances such as dust,
microorganisms and water vapour can also be
found in the air but their contents vary
depends on the quality of air of that
environment

yschow@smkbpj(a) 4
Inert gas / noble gas

Krypton
for fluorescent bulbs.
Helium Xenon For sun lamps

yschow@smkbpj(a) Neon for light 5


For earthquake prediction
To determine the percentage of oxygen in air

• As the candle continue to burn the flame get


smaller and finally it goes off.
• The water lever increases and occupied the space
of oxygen in the gas jar.

Conclusion:
Oxygen makes up of approximately 21% of the
volume of air.
yschow@smkbpj(a) 6
Air contains water vapour

• Water droplets that formed on the outer wall of the test


tube can be clearly seen.

• Collect the liquid droplets and test with a blue cobalt


chloride paper. The paper then turns to pink in colour, this
proofs that the liquid is water.

Conclusion
• Air contains water vapour.
yschow@smkbpj(a) 7
Air contains microorganisms

Coloured spots of microorganisms (fungi) are


found on the surface of the nutrient agar

Conclusion:
Air contains microorganisms.
yschow@smkbpj(a) 8
Air contains dust

Dust can be seen on the sticky surface of glass


slide.

Conclusion :
Air contains dust.
yschow@smkbpj(a) 9
Exercise 5.1

yschow@smkbpj(a) 10
21 %

78 %

0.03 %

0.97 %

yschow@smkbpj(a) 11
5.2 The Properties of Oxygen and Carbon Dioxide

• Oxygen and carbon dioxide are the two main


gases that made up the air for sustaining life

• The properties of gases can be studied and


observed by carrying out the following tests

yschow@smkbpj(a) 12
Test 1: Solubility in water

Oxygen Carbon dioxide


• The water level in the test • The water level in the test
tube rises slightly tube rises a lot.

• Oxygen only dissolve a little • Carbon dioxide is soluble in


in water water

yschow@smkbpj(a) 13
Test 2: Reaction with sodium hydroxide

Oxygen Carbon dioxide


• The level of sodium • The level of sodium
hydroxide solution in the hydroxide solution in the
test tube does not change test tube rises a lot

• Oxygen is not soluble in • Carbon dioxide is very


sodium hydroxide soluble in sodium hydroxide

yschow@smkbpj(a) 14
Test 3: Glowing wooden splinter

Oxygen Carbon dioxide


• The glowing wooden • The glowing wooden
splinter bursts into flame splinter extinguished

• Oxygen helps in combustion • Carbon dioxide does not


help in combustion

yschow@smkbpj(a) 15
Test 4 : Burning wooden splinter

Oxygen Carbon dioxide


• The burning wooden • The burning wooden
splinter burns brightly splinter extinguished

• Oxygen supports • Carbon dioxide does not


combustion supports combustion

yschow@smkbpj(a) 16
Test 5: Tested with moist litmus paper

Oxygen Carbon dioxide


• The colour of both litmus • The colour of blue litmus
paper does not change paper turns red

• Oxygen is neutral • Carbon dioxide is acidic

yschow@smkbpj(a) 17
Test 6: Lime water test

Oxygen Carbon dioxide


• No change • The lime water turns chalky

yschow@smkbpj(a) 18
Test 6: Bicarbonate indicator test

Oxygen Carbon dioxide


• The red colour of indicator • The red colour of indicator
does not change turns yellow

• Oxygen in neutral • Carbon dioxide is acidic

yschow@smkbpj(a) 19
yschow@smkbpj(a) 20
yschow@smkbpj(a) 21

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