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Digital Image Processing

This document provides an overview of a digital image processing course. It will include 20-22 lectures over the duration and will be exclusively assessed through an exam with no coursework. The document outlines topics that will be covered including image sampling and quantization, transforms, enhancement, restoration, compression and applications such as medical imaging, satellite imagery, astronomy and more. Example images are provided to illustrate different types and uses of digital image processing.

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Chandramouleeswaran Sarma
Copyright
© Attribution Non-Commercial (BY-NC)
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Download as PPT, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
24 views

Digital Image Processing

This document provides an overview of a digital image processing course. It will include 20-22 lectures over the duration and will be exclusively assessed through an exam with no coursework. The document outlines topics that will be covered including image sampling and quantization, transforms, enhancement, restoration, compression and applications such as medical imaging, satellite imagery, astronomy and more. Example images are provided to illustrate different types and uses of digital image processing.

Uploaded by

Chandramouleeswaran Sarma
Copyright
© Attribution Non-Commercial (BY-NC)
Available Formats
Download as PPT, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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Digital Image

Digital Image Processing


Processing

Tania Stathaki
Location: Room 811b
Extension: 46229
Email: [email protected]
LOGISTICS OF THE COURSE

 Duration
– 20-22 lectures
 Assessment
– 100% exam
– There isn't any coursework or
homework
IMAGE PROCESSING

 Textbook
– R. C. Gonzalez, R. E. Woods, Digital
Image Processing, Addison Wesley,
1993, ISBN 0-201-50803-6
What is an image?
 a representation, likeness, or imitation
of an object or thing
 a vivid or graphic description
 something introduced to represent
something else
DIGITAL IMAGE
DIGITAL IMAGE
DIGITAL IMAGE
DIGITAL IMAGE
FROM ANALOG TO DIGITAL

Digital
Imaging Sample and storage Digital On-line
systems quantize computer buffer Display output
(disk)

object observe digitize store process Refresh Record


/store
Sampling
Sampling

256x256 64x64
Quantisation – 8 bits

0 255 255 0 0

0 0 255 0 0

0 0 255 0 0

0 0 255 0 0

0 255 255 255 0


Quantisation cont.
Quantisation cont.

256x256 256 levels 256x256 32 levels


Quantisation cont.
Quantisation cont.

256x256 256 levels 256x256 2 levels


Coloured Image
Coloured Image
Intensity (Gray-Level)
Intensity (Gray-Level) Image
Image
Binary Image
Binary Image
Image Processing
 manipulation of multidimensional signals

image (photo) f ( x, y )

video f ( x, y , t )

CT, MRI f ( x, y , z , t )
Image Processing
 Why?

– Coding/compression
– Enhancement, restoration, reconstruction
– Analysis, detection, recognition, understanding
– Visualization
Part I: Image Transforms
Original Image Fourier Transform
Amplitude Phase
Part II: Image Enhancement
Original Image High Pass Filtering
Part III: Image Restoration

Distorted Image Restored Image


Distortion due to Camera Misfocus

Original image Distorted image


Distortion due to Camera Misfocus

Camera lens
Distortion due to motion

Camera lens
Distortion due to Random Noise
Original image Distorted image
Part IV: Image Compression

 Signal-Processing Based:
Encoder
f ( x, y ) g ( x, y ) Compressed
H Representation

Decoder
g ( x, y ) fˆ ( x, y )
H 1
Images are not directly amenable to
computer analysis

 Computers work with


numerical (rather than
pictorial) data.
 An image must be
converted to numerical
form before processing
by computer can  Picture elements or pixels
commence.  Rectangular sampling grid
 Brightness of the image
Images are not directly amenable to
computer analysis
APPLICATIONS
 Medical images
 Satellite images
 Astronomy
 Radar images
Satellite image
Volcano Kamchatka Peninsula, Russia
Satellite image
Volcano in Alaska
Medical Images:
MRI of normal brain
Medical Images:
X-ray knee
Medical Images: Ultrasound
Five-month Foetus (lungs, liver and bowel)
Astronomical images

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