Chapter 14 Section 1
Objectives:
Describe how chemical reactions produce
new substances that have different chemical
& physical properties
Identify 4 signs that indicate that a chemical
reaction might be taking place
Explain what happens to chemical bonds
during a chemical reaction
Question of the Day?
What do baking bread, launching a space
shuttle, and digesting food have in common?
Chemical Reactions:
A process in which one or more substances
change to make one or more new substances
Chemical reactions around
you…
Think about the chemical reactions that occur
in school everyday….
Make a list
Consider this…
Carbon dioxide (CO2)
Dissolved under pressure –
effervescence in carbonated beverages
Does not combust and is denser than air
– used in fire extinguishers to smother
flames
Dry ice (CO2 in its solid form) – cooling
effect – it sublimates!!
Signs of Chemical
Reactions:
Gas formation (bubbles!)
Solid formation (precipitate)
Energy change (light, thermal, electrical…)
Color change
A Change of Properties:
Signs don’t guarantee that a chemical change
has taken place
Formation of NEW substance with
DIFFERENT properties is the key!
http://101science.com/images/beaker.gif
Bonds: Holding Molecules
Together
Chemical bond: force that hold 2 atoms
together in a molecule
Chemical reactions require that original
bonds are broken and new bonds are formed
http://www.blobs.org/science/chemistry/bond.gif http://facstaff.gpc.edu/~pgore/PhysicalScience/covalent_bond_animation.gif
Breaking & Making Bonds:
Molecules are always in motion
They may bump into each other
With enough energy, bonds can be broken
Atoms can rearrange, and new bonds form
Molecules in Motion…
http://www.aquamem.com/molecular_modeling/DPB_Reaction_Pages/MCA_DMA986_movie_optimized_v1.gif
New Bonds, New Substances
Sodium is a violently reacting metal
Chlorine is a poisonous gas
Combined: Sodium chloride (NaCl) – table
salt!
Completely harmless together…
Sodium:
The Periodic Table of Videos – University of
Nottingham
http://www.periodicvideos.com/videos/011.htm
Chlorine:
The Periodic Table of Videos – University of
Nottingham
http://www.periodicvideos.com/videos/017.htm
Reference:
Holt Science and Technology: Physical
Science. New York: Henry Holt & Co, 2007.
Print.
