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Problem30 77

This document analyzes the behavior of a circuit containing inductors, resistors, and capacitors over time using Kirchhoff's laws. It finds: 1) The currents in the two branches of the circuit approach different steady state values as time increases indefinitely. 2) An equation is derived for the time it takes the currents in the two branches to become equal. 3) Specific values are calculated for the currents at various times based on the component values in the circuit.

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15 views

Problem30 77

This document analyzes the behavior of a circuit containing inductors, resistors, and capacitors over time using Kirchhoff's laws. It finds: 1) The currents in the two branches of the circuit approach different steady state values as time increases indefinitely. 2) An equation is derived for the time it takes the currents in the two branches to become equal. 3) Specific values are calculated for the currents at various times based on the component values in the circuit.

Uploaded by

IENCS
Copyright
© Attribution Non-Commercial (BY-NC)
Available Formats
Download as DOC, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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30.

77: a) Using Kirchhoff’s Rules on the top and bottom branches of the circuit:
di1 ε
ε  i1 R1  L  0  i1  (1  e ( R1 L )t
).
dt R1
q2 di i ε (1 R2C ) t
ε  i2 R2   0   2 R2  2  0  i2  e )
C dt C R2
t
t ε
 q2  0
i 2 dt   
R2
R2 Ce (1 / R2C ) t  εC (1  e (1 / R2C ) t ).
0

ε ε 0 48.0 V
b)  i1 (0)  (1  e 0 )  0, i2  e   9.60  10 3 A.
R1 R2 5000 
ε  ε 48.0 V ε 
c) As t   : i1 ()  R (1  e )  R  25.0   1.92 A, i2  R e  0.
1 1 2

 A good definition of a “long time” is many time constants later.


  (1 R C ) t R
d)  i1  i2  (1  e ( R L ) t )  1
e  (1  e ( R L )t )  1 e (1 R C ) t .
1 2 1 2

R1 R2 R2
x2 x3
 Expanding the exponentials like e x  1  x 
   , we find :
2 3!
2
R 1R  R  t t2 
  1 t   1  t 2    1 1   2 2
 
L 2 L  R2  RC 2 R C 

R R1  R
   t  1    O(t 2 )      1 , if we have assumed that t  1.  Therefore:
R2 C 
2
 L R2
1  1   LR2 C 
t    
R2  (1 L)  (1 R2 2C )   L  R2 2 C 
 
 (8.0 H )(5000 )(2.0  10 5 F) 
 t   5
  1.6  10 3 s.
 8.0 H  (5000 ) ( 2.0  10 F) 
2

 48 V
3
e) At t  1.57  10 s : i1  (1  e ( R1 L )t )  (1  e ( 25 8) t )  9.4  10 3 A.
R1 25 
f) We want to know when the current is half its final value. We note that the current
i 2 is very small to begin with, and just gets smaller, so we ignore it and find:

  i1 2  0.960 A  i1  (1  e ( R1 L ) t )  (1.92 A )(1  e ( R1 L )t ).
R1
L 8.0 H
 e ( R1 L )t
 0.500  t  ln(0.5)  ln(0.5)  0.22 s
R1 25 

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