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An A Phyla Xis

Anaphylaxis is defined as a severe, life-threatening generalized hypersensitivity reaction affecting multiple body systems, characterized by rapidly developing symptoms and signs that may include airway obstruction, breathing difficulties, hypotension, and skin and mucosal changes. Symptoms can range from mild reactions such as an itchy rash to severe reactions including respiratory arrest and cardiac arrest. Emergency treatment involves removing the allergen, assessing and treating issues with the airway, breathing, circulation, and reassessment of the patient's condition. Adrenaline is a key treatment for its effects in reversing the symptoms of anaphylaxis.

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Nicole Solomon
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42 views2 pages

An A Phyla Xis

Anaphylaxis is defined as a severe, life-threatening generalized hypersensitivity reaction affecting multiple body systems, characterized by rapidly developing symptoms and signs that may include airway obstruction, breathing difficulties, hypotension, and skin and mucosal changes. Symptoms can range from mild reactions such as an itchy rash to severe reactions including respiratory arrest and cardiac arrest. Emergency treatment involves removing the allergen, assessing and treating issues with the airway, breathing, circulation, and reassessment of the patient's condition. Adrenaline is a key treatment for its effects in reversing the symptoms of anaphylaxis.

Uploaded by

Nicole Solomon
Copyright
© Attribution Non-Commercial (BY-NC)
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
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Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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Definition:

The European Academy of Allergology and Clinical Immunology Nomenclature Committee


proposed the following broad definition: 11
Anaphylaxis is a severe, life-threatening, generalised or systemic
hypersensitivity reaction.

This is characterised by rapidly developing life-threatening airway and/or breathing


and/or circulation problems usually associated with skin and mucosal changes.

Symptoms and Signs:

Symptons Signs
Mild Burning sensation in mouth Urticarial Rash
Itching of lips, mouth, throat Angio-Oedema
Feeling of warmth Conjunctivitis
Nausea
Abdominal Pain
Moderate (Mild +) Coughing/ wheezing Bronchospasm
Loose bowel motions Tachycardia
Sweating Pallor
Irritability
Severe (Moderate+) Difficulty breathing Severe bronchospasm
Collapse Laryngeal oedema
Vomiting Shock
Uncontrolled defecation Respiratory arrest
Cardiac arrest

Emergency treatment

Adapted from Advanced Pediatric Life Support 4th edition.


Remove
Allergen

Assess Airway Partial Adrenaline 10mcg/kg IM (0.01 ml/kg of 1:1000


obstruction/stridor Nebulized adrenaline 5mls of 1:1000
Repeat nebulizer after every 10mins as required
Hydroccortisone 4mg/kg initial dose then 2-
4mg/kg q 6hrs
No
problem

Complete Intubation with cricoids pressure or surgical


obstruction airway or laryngeal mask

Assess Wheeze Adrenaline IM 0.01 ml/kg of 1:1000


Breathing Nebulized salbutamol 2.5mg if <5yrs; 5mg if
>5yrs
Repeat Salbutamol as required
Hydrocortisone 4mg/kg initial dose then 2-
4mg/kg q 6hrs
Consider aminophylline 5mg/kg IV over 15mins
No
or IV salbutamol
problem

Apnoea Bag-Mask ventilation


Adrenaline 10mcg/kg IM

Assess No pulse Basic and advanced life support


circulation

Shock Adrenaline IM 0.01 ml/kg of 1:1000 repeat


every 5mins if necessary
0.09% saline 20ml/kg IV
No Infusion dose of adrenaline 0.1-5 mcg/kg/min
problem

Reassess ABC Chlorpherinamine tds for 48hrs to prevent


recurrence

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