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Diesel Power Plant: Presented By: Andales, Madelyn M. Nolluda, Gerlie I. & Refrima, Christine Suzanne C. 3se - Bsee

This document provides an overview of diesel power plants. It describes how a diesel power plant works as a standby generator that uses a diesel engine as the prime mover to generate electricity. It then discusses the advantages and disadvantages of diesel power plants. The key components of a diesel power plant like the engine, fuel system, cooling system etc. are explained. The diesel cycle and different types of engines and fuels are also summarized. Examples of applications and an efficiency calculation are included.

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Christine Suzanne Castillo Refrima
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3K views29 pages

Diesel Power Plant: Presented By: Andales, Madelyn M. Nolluda, Gerlie I. & Refrima, Christine Suzanne C. 3se - Bsee

This document provides an overview of diesel power plants. It describes how a diesel power plant works as a standby generator that uses a diesel engine as the prime mover to generate electricity. It then discusses the advantages and disadvantages of diesel power plants. The key components of a diesel power plant like the engine, fuel system, cooling system etc. are explained. The diesel cycle and different types of engines and fuels are also summarized. Examples of applications and an efficiency calculation are included.

Uploaded by

Christine Suzanne Castillo Refrima
Copyright
© Attribution Non-Commercial (BY-NC)
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as PPT, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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Diesel Power Plant

Presented by:
Andales, Madelyn M.
Nolluda, Gerlie I. &
Refrima, Christine Suzanne C.

3SE - BSEE
What is a Diesel Power Plant?
A Diesel power station (also known as Stand-by
power station) uses a diesel engine as 
prime mover for the generation of electrical energy.
This power station is generally compact and thus
can be located where it is actually required. This
kind of power station can be used to produce
limited amounts of electrical energy. In most
countries these power stations are used
as emergency supply stations.
Diesel power plants are more efficient
than any other heat engine of
comparable size because:
i. These plants are cheap by way of initial
cost
ii. It can be started and stopped quickly
iii. Can burn a wide range of fuels
iv. Does not require a warming period
v. Does not need a large amount of water
for cooling
 Disadvantages of a Diesel Power Plant:
i. High running charges due to costly price
of diesel.
ii. Plant does not work efficiently under
prolonged overload conditions.
iii. Generates small amount of power.
iv. Lubrication cost is very high.
v. Maintenance charges are generally high.
Important fields of Application of
Diesel Power Plants
 Railroad locomotives
 Ship propulsion
 Road building and farm machinery
 Electric generators for small supply units
for public, industrial and institutional
purposes
How does it operate?
 The diesel burns inside the engine and the combustion
process causes rotational mechanical energy that turns the
engine shaft and drives the alternator. The alternator in
turn, converts mechanical energy into electrical energy.

 This type of electricity generating power station will


probably be used a long time into the future, due to a need
for reliable stand-by electrical source for emergency
situations.

 However, diesel power plants emit green house gases that


pollute the environment and also require frequent servicing.
Working Principle of Diesel Power
Plants & General Description
 An internal combustion engine in which
the fuel is ignited by injecting it into air that
has been heated into a high temperature
by rapid compression; hence, diesel
engines are also called compression-
ignition engines. The concept of Ignition
Engines was patented by Rudolf Diesel in
1892.
What is a Compression-Ignition
Engine?
 A compression-ignition engine (also known as a Diesel
engine) is an internal combustion engine that uses the
heat of compression to initiate ignition to burn the fuel,
which is injected into the combustion chamber during
the final stage of compression. This is in contrast to
spark-ignition engines such as a petrol engine
(gasoline engine) or gas engine (using a gaseous fuel
as opposed to gasoline), which uses a spark plug to
ignite an air-fuel mixture. The diesel engine is modeled
on the Diesel cycle. The engine and thermodynamic
cycle were both developed by Rudolph Diesel in 1897.
Example of a Diesel Engine
Diesel Cycle
 A repeated
succession of
operations
representing the
idealized behaviour of
the working fluid in
the diesel engine form
of heat engine.
 Main events that takes place in the
Diesel Cycle:
a. Suction Operation
b. Adiabatic Compression
c. Heat addition
d. Adiabatic expansion
e. Heat removal (Rejection)
a. Suction Operation – at constant pressure
in which air is sucked inside the cylinder
from the atmosphere at nearly
atmospheric pressure.
b. Adiabatic Compression of the working
fluid along a b, the temperature and
pressure are increased.
c. Heat addition along b c at constant
pressure; the gas temperature and
volume are increased.
d. Adiabatic expansion along c d, work is
done by the expanding gas, and, the
temperature and pressure decrease.
e. Heat removal (rejection) along d, a at
constant volume; the pressure and
temperature decrease, and the gas is
restored to its initial condition at a. Here,
the cycle is completed.
Diesel Fuels
 A diesel engine can use a wide variety of
fuels, ranging from natural gas to fairly
heavy petroleum distillate oils which are
cheaper than gasoline.
Diesel Electric Plant Main
Components
1. Engine
2. Engine air intake system
3. Engine fuel system
4. Engine exhaust system
5. Engine cooling system
6. Engine lubrication system
7. Engine Starting system
1. Diesel Engine.
 This is the main component of the plant which
develops power. The engine may be horizontal or
vertical type. Horizontal engines are used for
comparatively smaller outputs while vertical engines
with multi-cylinder construction are employed for larger
outputs. The engines are available in low, medium and
high speed ranges. Speeds commonly used are in the
range from 500 to 1,000 rpm. The rating of an engine
which should be specified correctly is the net output in
kw developed continuously at the crankshaft coupling
by the engine in good operating condition, at a height
of less then 450 m, at a temperature of 32° C and a
barometric pressure of 717.5 mm Hg. Diesel engines
are available is sizes from 75 kw to 3,750 kw.
2. Engine Air intake system
 This includes air filters, ducts, and
supercharger. This supplies the required
air quantity of air for combustion.
3. Fuel System
 This includes fuel
storage tanks, fuel
transfer pumps,
strainers, heaters,
and connecting pipe
work.
4. Engine Exhaust System
 To discharge the
engine exhaust to the
atmosphere outside
the building.
5. Engine Cooling System
 Includes coolant pumps, spray ponds,
water treatment or filtration plant and
connecting pipe work. The purpose of the
cooling system is to carry heat from
engine cylinder to keep the temperature of
the cylinder within safe limits.
Different Methods of Engine
Cooling
a) Direct air cooling
b) Indirect system
(Natural Circulation)
c) Indirect Cooling with
forced circulation of
water
d) Non-circulating
cooling system with
water.
6. Lubrication System
 The life of the engine and the efficiency
depend largely on the lubrication system.
Diesel Plant Efficiency and Heat
Balance
 If heat produced by _X kg of oil = Y KCal (where
1kWh = 860 KCal)
 Then we can derive the overall power plant
efficiency as:
Limay, Bataan Combined Cycle
Gas Turbine Power Station
 Description
25.6 FCVC Diesel Power Plant
 Description
THE END!

THANK YOU FOR LISTENING… 

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