Sunte Simple Circuit

Vin 1 0 dc 5V
Vdd 4 0 dc 5V
r1 3 0 50K

M1 2 1 0 0 mosn W=2.5u L=1.2u AD=7.5u PD=8.5u AS=7.5u PS=8.5u

M2 2 3 4 4 mosp W=2.5u L=1.2u AD=7.5u PD=8.5u AS=7.5u PS=8.5u
M3 3 3 4 4 mosp W=2.5u L=1.2u AD=7.5u PD=8.5u AS=7.5u PS=8.5u

.model mosn nmos Vto=0.7 Kp=110u Gamma=0.4 Lambda=0.04 Phi=0.7

.model mosp pmos Vto=-0.7 Kp=50u Gamma=0.57 Lambda=0.57 Phi=0.8

.dc Vin 0 5 0.1

.print v(2)
.end

OUTPUT
T-Spice1
5 .5 v (2 )

5 .0

4 .5

4 .0

3 .5

3 .0
Voltage (V)

2 .5

2 .0

1 .5

1 .0

0 .5

0 .0

-0. 5

0 .0 0 .5 1 .0 1 .5 2 .0 2 .5 3 .0 3 .5 4 .0 4 .5 5 .0

Vin (V)
Ohm's law

Vin 1 0 dc 5V
r1 1 0 100K

.dc Vin 0 5 0.1

.print I(r1)
.end

OUTPUT
T-Spice2
55 i1 (r1 )

50

45

40

35
Current (uA)

30

25

20

15

10

-5

0 .0 0 .5 1 .0 1 .5 2 .0 2 .5 3 .0 3 .5 4 .0 4 .5 5 .0

Vin (V)
Half wave rectifier

r1 2 0 2K
d1 1 2 din4007
V1 1 0 sin(5 10 5Meg)

.model din4007 d is=1uA

.tran .2n 1000n

.print tran V(1) V(2)
.end

OUTPUT
T-Spice3
1 5 v( 2)

1 0
Voltage (V)

0 .0 0 .1 0 .2 0 .3 0 .4 0 .5 0 .6 0 .7 0 .8 0 .9 1 .0

Time (us)

T-Spice3
v( 1)
1 5

1 0
Voltage (V)

-5

0 .0 0 .1 0 .2 0 .3 0 .4 0 .5 0 .6 0 .7 0 .8 0 .9 1 .0

Time (us)
Full wave rectifier

r1 2 0 2K
d1 1 2 din4007
d2 3 2 din4007
V1 1 0 sin(0 10 10meg)
V2 0 3 sin(0 10 10meg)

.model din4007 d is=1uA

.tran .2n 1000n

.print tran V(1) V(2)
.end

OUTPUT

T-Spice4
1 0 v( 2)

6
Voltage (V)

0 .0 0 .1 0 .2 0 .3 0 .4 0 .5 0 .6 0 .7 0 .8 0 .9 1 .0

Time (us)

T-Spice4
v( 1)
1 0

5
Voltage (V)

-5

-1 0

0 .0 0 .1 0 .2 0 .3 0 .4 0 .5 0 .6 0 .7 0 .8 0 .9 1 .0

Time (us)
Voltage divider ckt

Vs 1 0 dc 5V
Is 3 2 dc 6mA
r1 1 2 2K
r2 2 0 3K
r3 3 0 4K

.tran 10us 500us

.print tran V(1,2) V(2) V(3) I(r1) I(r2) I(r3)
.probe
.end

OUTPUT

T-Spice5
i1 (r3 )

4
i1 (r2 )

i1 (r1 )
3

0
Current (m A)

-1

-2

-3

-4

-5

-6

-7

0 5 0 1 00 1 50 2 00 2 50 3 00 3 50 4 00 4 50 5 00

Time (us)

T-Spice5
v( 3)

v( 2)

1 0
v ( 1 ,2 )

0
Voltage (V)

-5

-1 0

-1 5

-2 0

-2 5

0 5 0 1 00 1 50 2 00 2 50 3 00 3 50 4 00 4 50 5 00

Time (us)
Diode connected load

Vdd 1 0 dc 5V
M1 1 1 0 0 mosn W=2.5u L=1.2u AD=7.5u PD=8.5u AS=7.5u PS=8.5u

.model mosn nmos Vto=0.7 Kp=110u Gamma=0.4 Lambda=0.04 Phi=0.7

.dc Vdd 0 5 0.1
.print id(m1)
.end

OUTPUT

T-Spice6
id (m1 )

2 .5

2 .0
id(m1) (mA)

1 .5

1 .0

0 .5

0 .0

0 .0 0 .5 1 .0 1 .5 2 .0 2 .5 3 .0 3 .5 4 .0 4 .5 5 .0

Vdd (V)
Active PMOS Load Inverter

Vdd 1 0 dc 5V
Vin 3 0 dc 5V

M1 2 2 1 1 mosp W=2.5u L=1.2u AD=7.5u PD=8.5u AS=7.5u PS=8.5u

M2 2 3 0 0 mosn W=2.5u L=1.2u AD=7.5u PD=8.5u AS=7.5u PS=8.5u

.model mosn nmos Vto=0.7 Kp=110u Gamma=0.4 Lambda=0.04 Phi=0.7

.model mosp pmos Vto=-0.7 Kp=50u Gamma=0.57 Lambda=0.57 Phi=0.8

.dc Vin 0 5 0.1

.print V(2)
.end

OUTPUT

Active pmos
v (2 )

4 .5

4 .0

3 .5

3 .0
Voltage (V)

2 .5

2 .0

1 .5

1 .0

0 .5

0 .0

-0. 5
0 .0 0 .5 1 .0 1 .5 2 .0 2 .5 3 .0 3 .5 4 .0 4 .5 5 .0

Vin (V)
Current Source Inverter

Vdd 1 0 dc 5V
V1 2 0 dc 2.5V
Vin 4 0 dc 5V

M1 3 2 1 1 mosp W=2.5u L=1.2u AD=7.5u PD=8.5u AS=7.5u PS=8.5u

M2 3 4 0 0 mosn W=2.5u L=1.2u AD=7.5u PD=8.5u AS=7.5u PS=8.5u

.model mosn nmos Vto=0.7 Kp=110u Gamma=0.4 Lambda=0.04 Phi=0.7

.model mosp pmos Vto=-0.7 Kp=50u Gamma=0.57 Lambda=0.57 Phi=0.8

.dc Vin 0 5 0.1

.print V(3)
.end

OUTPUT

Current source inverter

5 .5 v (3 )

5 .0

4 .5

4 .0

3 .5

3 .0
Voltage (V)

2 .5

2 .0

1 .5

1 .0

0 .5

0 .0

-0. 5

0 .0 0 .5 1 .0 1 .5 2 .0 2 .5 3 .0 3 .5 4 .0 4 .5 5 .0

Vin (V)
Push Pull Inverter

Vdd 1 0 dc 5V
Vin 2 0 dc 5V

M1 3 2 1 1 mosp W=2.5u L=1.2u AD=7.5u PD=8.5u AS=7.5u PS=8.5u

M2 3 2 0 0 mosn W=2.5u L=1.2u AD=7.5u PD=8.5u AS=7.5u PS=8.5u

.model mosn nmos Vto=0.7 Kp=110u Gamma=0.4 Lambda=0.04 Phi=0.7

.model mosp pmos Vto=-0.7 Kp=50u Gamma=0.57 Lambda=0.57 Phi=0.8

.dc Vin 0 5 0.1

.print V(3)
.end

OUTPUT

Push Pull
5 .5 v (3 )

5 .0

4 .5

4 .0

3 .5

3 .0
Voltage (V)

2 .5

2 .0

1 .5

1 .0

0 .5

0 .0

-0. 5

0 .0 0 .5 1 .0 1 .5 2 .0 2 .5 3 .0 3 .5 4 .0 4 .5 5 .0

Vin (V)
N-Channel Current Mirror

vdd 1 0 dc 5v
vout 2 0 dc 5v

m1 1 1 0 0 nmos w=2.5u l=1.2u AD=7.5p PD=8.5u AS=7.5p PS=8.5u

m2 2 1 0 0 nmos w=2.5u l=1.2u AD=7.5p PD=8.5u AS=7.5p PS=8.5u

.MODEL nmos nmos VTO=1 KP=40U GAMMA=1.0 LAMBDA=0.02 PHI=0.6

.dc vout 0 5 0.1v

.OP
.print id(m1) id(m2)
.PROBE
.end

OUTPUT
 cm
id (m2 )
800
id (m1 )

700

600

500
id(m2) (uA)

400

300

200

100

0 .0 0 .5 1 .0 1 .5 2 .0 2 .5 3 .0 3 .5 4 .0 4 .5 5 .0

vout (V)

N-Channel Modified Current Mirror

vdd 1 0 dc 5v
vout 2 0 dc 5v
r 1 3 10k

m1 1 3 0 0 nmos w=2.5u l=1.2u AD=7.5p PD=8.5u AS=7.5p PS=8.5u

m2 2 1 0 0 nmos w=2.5u l=1.2u AD=7.5p PD=8.5u AS=7.5p PS=8.5u

.MODEL nmos nmos VTO=1 KP=40UGAMMA=1.0 LAMBDA=0.02 PHI=0.6

.dc vout 0 5 0.1v

.OP
.print id(m1) id(m2)
.PROBE
.end

OUTPUT
 cm mod
id (m2 )
800
id (m1 )

700

600

500
id(m2) (uA)

400

300

200

100

0 .0 0 .5 1 .0 1 .5 2 .0 2 .5 3 .0 3 .5 4 .0 4 .5 5 .0

vout (V)

Standard Cascode Current Mirror

vout 6 0 5v
vref 4 0 5v

M1 3 1 0 0 mosn w=2.5u l=1.2u AD=7.5p PD=8.5u AS=7.5p PS=8.5u

M2 6 4 3 0 mosn w=2.5u l=1.2u AD=7.5p PD=8.5u AS=7.5p PS=8.5u
M3 1 1 0 0 mosn w=2.5u l=1.2u AD=7.5p PD=8.5u AS=7.5p PS=8.5u
M4 4 4 1 0 mosn w=2.5u l=1.2u AD=7.5p PD=8.5u AS=7.5p PS=8.5u

.model mosn nmos level=1 vto=0.7v kp=110u gamma =0.4 lambda =0.04 phi=0.7

.dc vout 0 5 0.1v

.OP
.print dc i(m1) i(m2) i(m3) i(m4)
.PROBE
.end
OUTPUT

Cascode cm

i 1( m 4)
45 0

44 0

43 0

42 0
Curr ent (uA)

41 0

40 0

39 0

38 0

37 0

0. 0 0. 5 1. 0 1. 5 2. 0 2. 5 3. 0 3. 5 4. 0 4. 5 5. 0

vout (V)

Cascode cm

45 0 i 1( m 3)

44 0

43 0

42 0
Curr ent (uA)

41 0

40 0

39 0

38 0

37 0

0. 0 0. 5 1. 0 1. 5 2. 0 2. 5 3. 0 3. 5 4. 0 4. 5 5. 0

vout (V)

Cascode cm

i 1( m 2)

40 0

35 0

30 0

25 0
Curr ent (uA)

20 0

15 0

10 0

50

0
0. 0 0. 5 1. 0 1. 5 2. 0 2. 5 3. 0 3. 5 4. 0 4. 5 5. 0

vout (V)

Cascode cm

i 1( m 1)
40 0

35 0

30 0

25 0
Curr ent (uA)

20 0

15 0

10 0

50

0. 0 0. 5 1. 0 1. 5 2. 0 2. 5 3. 0 3. 5 4. 0 4. 5 5. 0

vout (V)

Widlar Current Mirror

vdd 4 0 dc 5v
vout 2 0 dc 5v
r1 4 1 5.35k
r2 3 0 10

m1 1 1 0 0 nmos w=2.5u l=1.2u AD=7.5p PD=8.5u AS=7.5p PS=8.5u

m2 2 1 3 0 nmos w=2.5u l=1.2u AD=7.5p PD=8.5u AS=7.5p PS=8.5u

.model nmos nmos (level=1 phi=0.700000 vto=0.7 kp=1.9647E-04 )

.dc vout 0 5 0.1

.OP
.print dc id(m1) id(m2)
.PROBE
.end
OUTPUT

Wildar cm
id (m2 )

5 00

4 50

4 00

3 50

3 00
id(m2) (uA)

2 50

2 00

1 50

1 00

5 0

0 .0 0 .5 1 .0 1 .5 2 .0 2 .5 3 .0 3 .5 4 .0 4 .5 5 .0

vout (V)

Wildar cm
id (m1 )
5 60

5 50

5 40

5 30

5 20
id(m1) (uA)

5 10

5 00

4 90

4 80

4 70

4 60

0 .0 0 .5 1 .0 1 .5 2 .0 2 .5 3 .0 3 .5 4 .0 4 .5 5 .0

vout (V)

Wilson Current Mirror

vdd 2 0 dc 5v
vout 1 0 dc 5v
r 1 2 3k

m1 2 3 0 0 nmos w=2.5u l=1.2u AD=7.5p PD=8.5u AS=7.5p PS=8.5u

m2 3 3 0 0 nmos w=2.5u l=1.2u AD=7.5p PD=8.5u AS=7.5p PS=8.5u
m3 1 2 3 0 nmos w=2.5u l=1.2u AD=7.5p PD=8.5u AS=7.5p PS=8.5u

.model nmos nmos (LEVEL=1 PHI=0.7 VTO=0.7 KP=1.9647E-04 )

.dc vout 0 5 0.1v

.OP
.print dc id(m3) id(m2)
.PROBE
.end
OUTPUT

Wilson cm
id (m2 )

6 50

6 00

5 50

5 00

4 50

4 00
id(m2) (uA)

3 50

3 00

2 50

2 00

1 50

1 00

5 0

0 .0 0 .5 1 .0 1 .5 2 .0 2 .5 3 .0 3 .5 4 .0 4 .5 5 .0

vout (V)

Wilson cm
id (m3 )

6 50

6 00

5 50

5 00

4 50

4 00
id(m3) (uA)

3 50

3 00

2 50

2 00

1 50

1 00

5 0

0 .0 0 .5 1 .0 1 .5 2 .0 2 .5 3 .0 3 .5 4 .0 4 .5 5 .0

vout (V)

DC Analysis of Differential Amplifier

VID 7 0 DC 0V AC 1V
E+ 1 10 7 0 0.5
E- 2 10 7 0 -0.5
VIC 10 0 DC 0.65V
VDD 3 0 DC 2.5VOLT
VSS 4 0 DC -2.5VOLT
M1 5 1 8 8 NMOS1 W=9.6U L=5.4U ps=11u pd= 11u as=15 ad=15
M2 6 2 8 8 NMOS1 W=9.6U L=5.4U ps=11u pd= 11u as=15 ad=15
M3 5 5 3 3 PMOS1 W=25.8U L=5.4U ps=11u pd= 11u as=15 ad=15
M4 6 5 3 3 PMOS1 W=25.8U L=5.4U ps=11u pd= 11u as=15 ad=15
M5 8 9 4 4 NMOS1 W=21.6U L=1.2U ps=11u pd= 11u as=15 ad=15
M6 9 9 4 4 NMOS1 W=21.6U L=1.2U ps=11u pd= 11u as=15 ad=15
IB 3 9 220UA
.MODEL NMOS1 NMOS VTO=1 KP=40U GAMMA=1.0 LAMBDA=0.02 PHI=0.6
.MODEL PMOS1 PMOS VTO=-1 KP=15U GAMMA=0.6 LAMBDA=0.02 PHI=0.6
.DC VID -2.5 2.5 0.05V
.print V(6)
.PROBE
.END
OUTPUT
diffdc
3 .0 v (6 )

2 .5

2 .0

1 .5

1 .0
Voltage (V)

0 .5

0 .0

-0. 5

-1. 0

-1. 5

-2. 0

-2. 5

-2. 5 -2. 0 -1. 5 -1. 0 -0. 5 0 .0 0 .5 1 .0 1 .5 2 .0 2 .5

VID (V)

AC Analysis of Differential Amplifier without capacitor

VID 7 0 DC 0V AC 1V
E+ 1 10 7 0 0.5
E- 2 10 7 0 -0.5
VIC 10 0 DC 0.65V
VDD 3 0 DC 2.5VOLT
VSS 4 0 DC -2.5VOLT

M1 5 1 8 8 NMOS1 W=9.6U L=5.4U ps=11u pd= 11u as=15 ad=15

M2 6 2 8 8 NMOS1 W=9.6U L=5.4U ps=11u pd= 11u as=15 ad=15
M3 5 5 3 3 PMOS1 W=25.8U L=5.4U ps=11u pd= 11u as=15 ad=15
M4 6 5 3 3 PMOS1 W=25.8U L=5.4U ps=11u pd= 11u as=15 ad=15
M5 8 9 4 4 NMOS1 W=21.6U L=1.2U ps=11u pd= 11u as=15 ad=15
M6 9 9 4 4 NMOS1 W=21.6U L=1.2U ps=11u pd= 11u as=15 ad=15
IB 3 9 220UA

.MODEL NMOS1 NMOS VTO=1 KP=40U GAMMA=1.0 LAMBDA=0.02 PHI=0.6

.MODEL PMOS1 PMOS VTO=-1 KP=15U GAMMA=0.6 LAMBDA=0.02 PHI=0.6

.ac dec 20 100 110MEG

.print ac vm(6) vdb(6) vp(6)
.PROBE
.END

OUTPUT
 diff ac
v p (6 )
Voltage Phase (fdeg)

10 0 1k 10 k 10 0k 1M 10 M 10 0M

Frequency (Hz)

diff ac
v d b (6 )

3 0

2 5

2 0
Voltage Magnitude (dB)

1 5

1 0

10 0 1k 10 k 10 0k 1M 10 M 10 0M

Frequency (Hz)

diff ac
v m (6 )

3 5

3 0

2 5

2 0
Voltage Magnitude (V)

1 5

1 0

10 0 1k 10 k 10 0k 1M 10 M 10 0M

Frequency (Hz)

AC Analysis of Differential Amplifier with capacitor

VID 7 0 DC 0V AC 1V
E+ 1 10 7 0 0.5
E- 2 10 7 0 -0.5
VIC 10 0 DC 0.65V
VDD 3 0 DC 2.5VOLT
VSS 4 0 DC -2.5VOLT
cout 5 6 3pf

M1 5 1 8 8 NMOS1 W=9.6U L=5.4U ps=11u pd= 11u as=15 ad=15

M2 6 2 8 8 NMOS1 W=9.6U L=5.4U ps=11u pd= 11u as=15 ad=15
M3 5 5 3 3 PMOS1 W=25.8U L=5.4U ps=11u pd= 11u as=15 ad=15
M4 6 5 3 3 PMOS1 W=25.8U L=5.4U ps=11u pd= 11u as=15 ad=15
M5 8 9 4 4 NMOS1 W=21.6U L=1.2U ps=11u pd= 11u as=15 ad=15
M6 9 9 4 4 NMOS1 W=21.6U L=1.2U ps=11u pd= 11u as=15 ad=15
IB 3 9 220UA

.MODEL NMOS1 NMOS VTO=1 KP=40U GAMMA=1.0 LAMBDA=0.02 PHI=0.6

.MODEL PMOS1 PMOS VTO=-1 KP=15U GAMMA=0.6 LAMBDA=0.02 PHI=0.6

.ac dec 20 100 110MEG

.OP
.print ac vm(6) vdb(6) vp(6)
.PROBE
.END

OUTPUT
 diff ac cap
1 0 v p (6 )

-1 0

-2 0

-3 0

-4 0
Voltage Phase (deg)

-5 0

-6 0

-7 0

-8 0

-9 0

-1 0 0

10 0 1k 10 k 10 0k 1M 10 M 10 0 M

Frequency (Hz)

diff ac cap
v d b (6 )

3 0

2 0

1 0
agnitude (dB)

-1 0
Voltage M

-2 0

-3 0

10 0 1k 10 k 10 0k 1M 10 M 10 0 M

Frequency (Hz)

diff ac cap
v m (6 )

3 5

3 0

2 5

2 0
agnitude (V)

1 5
Voltage M

1 0

10 0 1k 10 k 10 0k 1M 10 M 10 0 M

Frequency (Hz)

TRANSIENT Analysis of Differential Amplifier

VID 7 0 pwl (0 0v 1u 0v 1.05u 300mv 3u 300mv 3.05u 0v 6u 0v)
E+ 1 10 7 0 0.5
E- 2 10 7 0 -0.5
VIC 10 0 DC 0.65V
VDD 3 0 DC 2.5VOLT
VSS 4 0 DC -2.5VOLT

M1 5 1 8 8 NMOS1 W=9.6U L=5.4U ps=11u pd= 11u as=15 ad=15

M2 6 2 8 8 NMOS1 W=9.6U L=5.4U ps=11u pd= 11u as=15 ad=15
M3 5 5 3 3 PMOS1 W=25.8U L=5.4U ps=11u pd= 11u as=15 ad=15
M4 6 5 3 3 PMOS1 W=25.8U L=5.4U ps=11u pd= 11u as=15 ad=15
M5 8 9 4 4 NMOS1 W=21.6U L=1.2U ps=11u pd= 11u as=15 ad=15
M6 9 9 4 4 NMOS1 W=21.6U L=1.2U ps=11u pd= 11u as=15 ad=15
IB 3 9 220UA

.MODEL NMOS1 NMOS VTO=1 KP=40U GAMMA=1.0 LAMBDA=0.02 PHI=0.6

.MODEL PMOS1 PMOS VTO=-1 KP=15U GAMMA=0.6 LAMBDA=0.02 PHI=0.6

.tran 0.05u 5u
.OP
.print tran v(6) v(7,0)
.PROBE
.END

OUTPUT
 difftran
v ( 7 ,0 )
3 00

2 50

2 00
Voltage (mV)

1 50

1 00

50

0 .0 0 .5 1 .0 1 .5 2 .0 2 .5 3 .0 3 .5 4 .0 4 .5 5 .0

Time (us)

difftran
v ( 6)

1 .5

1 .0
Voltage (V)

0 .5

0 .0

0 .0 0 .5 1 .0 1 .5 2 .0 2 .5 3 .0 3 .5 4 .0 4 .5 5 .0

Time (us)

DC Analysis of Two Stage CMOS Opamp

VID 7 0 DC 0V AC 1V
E+ 1 10 7 0 0.5
E- 2 10 7 0 -0.5
VIC 10 0 DC 0.65V
VDD 3 0 DC 2.5VOLT
VSS 4 0 DC -2.5VOLT

M1 5 1 8 8 NMOS1 W=3.6U L=1.2U ps=11u pd= 11u as=15 ad=15

M2 6 2 8 8 NMOS1 W=3.6U L=1.2U ps=11u pd= 11u as=15 ad=15
M3 5 5 3 3 PMOS1 W=18U L=1.2U ps=11u pd= 11u as=15 ad=15
M4 6 5 3 3 PMOS1 W=18U L=1.2U ps=11u pd= 11u as=15 ad=15
M5 8 9 4 4 NMOS1 W=5.4U L=1.2U ps=11u pd= 11u as=15 ad=15
M8 9 9 4 4 NMOS1 W=5.4U L=1.2U ps=11u pd= 11u as=15 ad=15
M6 11 6 3 3 PMOS1 W=112.8U L=1.2U ps=11u pd= 11u as=15 ad=15
M7 11 9 4 4 NMOS1 W=16.8U L=1.2U ps=11u pd= 11u as=15 ad=15
IB 3 9 20UA
cc 6 11 3pf
cl 11 0 10pf

.MODEL NMOS1 NMOS VTO=1 KP=40U GAMMA=1.0 LAMBDA=0.02 PHI=0.6

.MODEL PMOS1 PMOS VTO=-1 KP=15U GAMMA=0.6 LAMBDA=0.02 PHI=0.6

.DC VID -2.5 2.5 0.05V

.TF v(11) VID
.OP
.print V(11)
.PROBE
.END

OUTPUT
 two satge opamp
3 .0 v(1 1)

2 .5

2 .0

1 .5

1 .0

0 .5
Voltage (V)

0 .0

-0.5

-1.0

-1.5

-2.0

-2.5

-3.0

-2.5 -2.0 -1.5 -1.0 -0. 5 0 .0 0 .5 1 .0 1.5 2.0 2 .5

VID (V)

AC Analysis of Two Stage CMOS Opamp

VID 7 0 DC 0V AC 1V
E+ 1 10 7 0 0.5
E- 2 10 7 0 -0.5
VIC 10 0 DC 0.65V
VDD 3 0 DC 2.5VOLT
VSS 4 0 DC -2.5VOLT

M1 5 1 8 8 NMOS1 W=3.6U L=1.2U ps=11u pd= 11u as=15 ad=15

M2 6 2 8 8 NMOS1 W=3.6U L=1.2U ps=11u pd= 11u as=15 ad=15
M3 5 5 3 3 PMOS1 W=18U L=1.2U ps=11u pd= 11u as=15 ad=15
M4 6 5 3 3 PMOS1 W=18U L=1.2U ps=11u pd= 11u as=15 ad=15
M5 8 9 4 4 NMOS1 W=5.4U L=1.2U ps=11u pd= 11u as=15 ad=15
M8 9 9 4 4 NMOS1 W=5.4U L=1.2U ps=11u pd= 11u as=15 ad=15
M6 11 6 3 3 PMOS1 W=112.8U L=1.2U ps=11u pd= 11u as=15 ad=15
M7 11 9 4 4 NMOS1 W=16.8U L=1.2U ps=11u pd= 11u as=15 ad=15
IB 3 9 20UA
cc 6 11 3pf
cl 11 0 10pf

.MODEL NMOS1 NMOS VTO=1 KP=40U GAMMA=1.0 LAMBDA=0.02 PHI=0.6

.MODEL PMOS1 PMOS VTO=-1 KP=15U GAMMA=0.6 LAMBDA=0.02 PHI=0.6

.AC dec 20 100 110G

.TF v(11) VID
.OP
.print ac vm(11) vdb(11) vp(11)
.PROBE
.END

OUTPUT
 two satge opamp ac
v p (1 1 )

1 50

1 00

5 0
Voltage Phase (deg)

-5 0

-1 0 0

10 0 1k 10 k 10 0k 1M 10 M 10 0M 1G 10 G 10 0G

Frequency (Hz)

two satge opamp ac

v d b (1 1 )

1 00

5 0

0
Voltage Magnitude (dB)

-5 0

-1 0 0

10 0 1k 10 k 10 0k 1M 10 M 10 0M 1G 10 G 10 0G

Frequency (Hz)

two satge opamp ac

v m (1 1 )

1 5

1 0
Voltage Magnitude (kV)

10 0 1k 10 k 10 0k 1M 10 M 10 0M 1G 10 G 10 0G

Frequency (Hz)

Transient Analysis of Two Stage CMOS Opamp

vin 1 0 pwl (0 0v 1u 0v 1.05u 300mv 3u 300mv 3.05u 0v 6u 0v)
VDD 3 0 DC 2.5VOLT
VSS 4 0 DC -2.5VOLT

M1 5 1 8 8 NMOS1 W=3.6U L=1.2U ps=11u pd= 11u as=15 ad=15

M2 6 2 8 8 NMOS1 W=3.6U L=1.2U ps=11u pd= 11u as=15 ad=15
M3 5 5 3 3 PMOS1 W=18U L=1.2U ps=11u pd= 11u as=15 ad=15
M4 6 5 3 3 PMOS1 W=18U L=1.2U ps=11u pd= 11u as=15 ad=15
M5 8 9 4 4 NMOS1 W=5.4U L=1.2U ps=11u pd= 11u as=15 ad=15
M8 9 9 4 4 NMOS1 W=5.4U L=1.2U ps=11u pd= 11u as=15 ad=15
M6 2 6 3 3 PMOS1 W=112.8U L=1.2U ps=11u pd= 11u as=15 ad=15
M7 2 9 4 4 NMOS1 W=16.8U L=1.2U ps=11u pd= 11u as=15 ad=15
IB 3 9 20UA
cc 6 11 3pf
cl 11 0 10pf
r 11 0 10M

.MODEL NMOS1 NMOS VTO=1 KP=40U GAMMA=1.0 LAMBDA=0.02 PHI=0.6

.MODEL PMOS1 PMOS VTO=-1 KP=15U GAMMA=0.6 LAMBDA=0.02 PHI=0.6

.tran 0.05u 5u
.OP
.print tran v(2)vin
.PROBE
.END

OUTPUT
 two satge opamp tran
v (2 )

0 .0

-0. 5

-1. 0
Voltage (V)

-1. 5

-2. 0

-2. 5

0 .0 0 .5 1 .0 1 .5 2 .0 2 .5 3 .0 3 .5 4 .0 4 .5 5 .0

Time (us)

DC Linear Model of Opamp

.SUBCKT opamp1 13 12 16 10
RID 13 12 2MEG
R0 19 16 75
EA 19 10 13 12 2e5
.ends

AC Linear Model of Opamp

.subckt opamp2 13 12 16 10
RID 13 12 2MEG
R0 11 16 75
EB 11 10 17 10 1
R1 19 17 10K
C1 17 10 1.5619u
EA 19 10 13 12 2e5
.ends

Subckt of Opamp

* FILE opamp2_Model.cir
* PSPICE opamp model

.subckt opamp2 13 12 16 10
RID 13 12 2MEG
R0 11 16 75
EB 11 10 17 10 1
R1 19 17 10K
C1 17 10 1.5619u
EA 19 10 13 12 2e5
.ends

APPLICATIONS OF DC AND AC MODEL OF OPAMP

Eg 2.1 without feedback

VS 3 0 AC 1M 1KHZ
RI 2 0 10K
RL 6 0 20K
XA 3 2 6 0 opamp2

.subckt opamp2 13 12 16 10
RID 13 12 2MEG
R0 11 16 75
EB 11 10 17 10 1
R1 19 17 10K
C1 17 10 1.5619u
EA 19 10 13 12 2e5
.ends

.ac dec 20 1 10K

.print GAIN=’vm(6)/vm(3)’ vp(6,3)
.probe
.end

OUTPUT
 Eg2.1a
10 vp (6,3 )

-1 0

-2 0

-3 0

-4 0
Voltage Phase (deg)

-5 0

-6 0

-7 0

-8 0

-9 0

-1 00

1 10 10 0 1k 10 k

Frequency (Hz)

Eg2.1a
GA IN

2 00

1 50

1 00
GAIN (k)

50

1 10 10 0 1k 10 k

Frequency (Hz)

Eg 2.1 with feedback

VS 3 0 AC 1M 1KHZ
RI 2 0 10K
RF 6 2 150K
RL 6 0 20K
XA 3 2 6 0 opamp2

.subckt opamp2 13 12 16 10
RID 13 12 2MEG
R0 11 16 75
EB 11 10 17 10 1
R1 19 17 10K
C1 17 10 1.5619u
EA 19 10 13 12 2e5
.ends

.ac dec 20 1 1MEG

.TF V(6,0) vs
.print GAIN=’vm(6)/vm(3)’ vp(6,3)
.probe
.end

OUTPUT
 Eg2.1b
v p (6 ,3 )

-1 0

-2 0

-3 0
Voltage Phase (deg)

-4 0

-5 0

-6 0

-7 0

-8 0

-9 0

1 10 10 0 1k 10 k 10 0k 1M

Frequency (Hz)

Eg2.1b
GA IN

15

10
GAIN ()

1 10 10 0 1k 10 k 10 0k 1M

Frequency (Hz)

Eg 2.1 with feedback using subckt

VS 3 0 AC 1M
RI 2 0 10K
RF 6 2 150K
RL 6 0 20K
XA 3 2 6 0 opamp2

.inc "opamp2_Model.cir"
.ac dec 20 1 1MEG
.print GAIN=’vm(6)/vm(3)’ vp(6,3)
.probe
.end

OUTPUT

Eg2.1c
v p (6 ,3 )

-1 0

-2 0
Voltage Phase (deg)

-3 0

-4 0

-5 0

-6 0

-7 0

-8 0

-9 0

1 10 10 0 1k 10 k 10 0k 1M

Frequency (Hz)

Eg2.1c
GA IN

1 5

1 0
GAIN ()

1 10 10 0 1k 10 k 10 0k 1M

Frequency (Hz)

Eg 2.2 Rf = 1MEG
VS 10 0 PWL(0 0 1N -1 1M -1 1.001M 1 2M 1 2.001M -1 3M -1 3.001M 1 4M 1)
R 10 2 1K
RF 6 2 1MEG
RL 6 0 20K
C 6 2 0.1U
XA 0 2 6 0 opamp2

.subckt opamp2 13 12 16 10
RID 13 12 2MEG
R0 11 16 75
EB 11 10 17 10 1
R1 19 17 10K
C1 17 10 1.5619u
EA 19 10 13 12 2e5
.ends

.tran 50u 4m
.print tran v(6) v(10)
.probe
.end

OUTPUT
 Eg2.2
v ( 10 )
1 .0

0 .5
Voltage (V)

0 .0

-0 . 5

-1 . 0

0 .0 0 .5 1 .0 1 .5 2 .0 2 .5 3 .0 3 .5 4 .0

Time (ms)

Eg2.2
v ( 6)
1 0

5
Voltage (V)

0 .0 0 .5 1 .0 1 .5 2 .0 2 .5 3 .0 3 .5 4 .0

Time (ms)

Eg 2.2 Rf = 1K
VS 10 0 PWL(0 0 1N -1 1M -1 1.001M 1 2M 1 2.001M -1 3M -1 3.001M 1 4M 1)
R 10 2 1K
RF 6 2 1K
RL 6 0 20K
C 6 2 0.1U
XA 0 2 6 0 opamp2

.subckt opamp2 13 12 16 10
RID 13 12 2MEG
R0 11 16 75
EB 11 10 17 10 1
R1 19 17 10K
C1 17 10 1.5619u
EA 19 10 13 12 2e5
.ends

.tran 50u 4m
.print tran v(6) v(10)
.probe
.end

OUTPUT
 Eg2.2b
v( 1 0)
1 .0

0 .5
Voltage (V)

0 .0

-0 . 5

-1 . 0

0 .0 0 .5 1 .0 1 .5 2 .0 2 .5 3 .0 3 .5 4 .0

Time (ms)

Eg2.2b
v( 6 )
1 .0

0 .5
Voltage (V)

0 .0

-0 . 5

-1 . 0

0 .0 0 .5 1 .0 1 .5 2 .0 2 .5 3 .0 3 .5 4 .0

Time (ms)

Eg 2.3
VS 10 0 PWL(0 0 1M 1 2M 0 3M 1 4M 0)
R 10 11 100
RF 6 2 10K
RL 6 0 20K
C 11 2 0.5U
XA 0 2 6 0 opamp2

.subckt opamp2 13 12 16 10
RID 13 12 2MEG
R0 11 16 75
EB 11 10 17 10 1
R1 19 17 10K
C1 17 10 1.5619u
EA 19 10 13 12 2e5
.ends

.tran 50u 4m
.print tran v(6) v(10)
.probe
.end

OUTPUT
 Eg2.3
v( 1 0)
1 .0

0 .9

0 .8

0 .7

0 .6
Voltage (V)

0 .5

0 .4

0 .3

0 .2

0 .1

0 .0

0 .0 0 .5 1 .0 1 .5 2 .0 2 .5 3 .0 3 .5 4 .0

Time (ms)

Eg2.3
v( 6 )
5

1
Voltage (V)

-1

-2

-3

-4

-5

0 .0 0 .5 1 .0 1 .5 2 .0 2 .5 3 .0 3 .5 4 .0

Time (ms)

Eg 2.4
V1 3 0 dc 1.1
V2 2 0 dc 1.0
RI1 10 0 1K
RF1 6 10 10K
RI2 11 0 1K
RF2 12 11 10K

XA 3 10 6 0 opamp1
XB 2 11 12 0 opamp1

.SUBCKT opamp1 13 12 16 10
RID 13 12 2MEG
R0 19 16 75
EA 19 10 13 12 2e5
.ends

.options nopage
.dc V1 1.1 1.1 1
.print dc v(6) v(12)
.probe
.end

OUTPUT

TRANSFER ANALYSIS

V1<V> v(6)<V> v(12)<V>

1.1000e+000 1.2099e+001 1.0999e+001

Eg 3.1 Differential Input= 0.01

VD 2 1 sin(0 0.01 10khz)
VD 1 0 sin(0 5 1khz)
XOP1 2 4 6 0 opamp2
R2 4 6 10k
R1 4 5 200
R3 5 7 10k
XOP2 1 5 7 0 opamp2
R4 6 8 10k
R5 8 10 10k
R6 7 9 10k
R7 9 0 10k
XOP3 9 8 10 0 opamp2

.subckt opamp2 13 12 16 10
RID 13 12 2MEG
R0 11 16 75
EB 11 10 17 10 1
R1 19 17 10K
C1 17 10 1.5619u
EA 19 10 13 12 2e5
.ends

.tran 0.01ms 1.0ms

.print tran v(2) v(10)
.probe
.end

OUTPUT
 Eg3.1
v ( 10 )

0 .5
Voltage (V)

0 .0

-0 . 5

0 .0 0 .1 0 .2 0 .3 0 .4 0 .5 0 .6 0 .7 0 .8 0 .9 1 .0

Time (ms)

Eg3.1
v ( 2)
5

1
Voltage (V)

-1

-2

-3

-4

-5

0 .0 0 .1 0 .2 0 .3 0 .4 0 .5 0 .6 0 .7 0 .8 0 .9 1 .0

Time (ms)

Eg 3.1 Differential Input = 0

VD 2 1 sin(0 0 10khz)
VD 1 0 sin(0 5 1khz)
XOP1 2 4 6 0 opamp2
R2 4 6 10k
R1 4 5 200
R3 5 7 10k
XOP2 1 5 7 0 opamp2
R4 6 8 10k
R5 8 10 10k
R6 7 9 10k
R7 9 0 10k
XOP3 9 8 10 0 opamp2

.subckt opamp2 13 12 16 10
RID 13 12 2MEG
R0 11 16 75
EB 11 10 17 10 1
R1 19 17 10K
C1 17 10 1.5619u
EA 19 10 13 12 2e5
.ends

.tran 0.01ms 1.0ms

.print tran v(10)
.probe
.end

OUTPUT
 Eg3.1b
v (1 0)

20

15

10

5
Voltage (uV)

-5

-10

-15

-20

0 .0 0 .1 0.2 0 .3 0 .4 0.5 0.6 0 .7 0 .8 0.9 1 .0

Time (ms)

Eg 3.7
VCC 7 0 DC 15v
VEE 0 4 DC 15v
VMETER 10 6 DC 0v
V1 11 0 DC 0.1v
RS 11 2 100K
R1 2 10 100K
R2 10 0 100
XA 0 2 6 0 opamp2

.subckt opamp2 13 12 16 10
RID 13 12 2MEG
R0 11 16 75
EB 11 10 17 10 1
R1 19 17 10K
C1 17 10 1.5619u
EA 19 10 13 12 2e5
.ends

.dc V1 0 0.1 0.01

.print i(VMETER)
.probe
.end

OUTPUT
 Eg3.7
i(VMETER)
1 .1

1 .0

0 .9

0 .8

0 .7

0 .6
Current (mA)

0 .5

0 .4

0 .3

0 .2

0 .1

-0.0

-0.1

0 10 20 30 40 50 60 70 80 90 10 0

V1 (mV)

Eg 4.1 Second Order Butterworth VCVS Low Pass Filter

VS 10 0 AC 1M
R1 10 11 10k
R2 11 3 10k
RB 6 2 9k
RA 2 0 1k
C1 6 11 0.2u
C2 3 0 1.25u
XA 3 2 6 0 opamp1

.SUBCKT opamp1 13 12 16 10
RID 13 12 2MEG
R0 19 16 75
EA 19 10 13 12 2e5
.ends

.ac dec 20 1 1k
.tf v(6) vs
.print PHASE='vp(6,10)' GAIN='20*log10(v(6)/(v(10)*10))'
.probe
.end

OUTPUT
 Eg4.1
GA IN

-1 0

-2 0

-3 0
GAIN ()

-4 0

-5 0

-6 0

1 10 10 0 1k

Frequency (Hz)

Eg4.1
P H AS E

-5 0
PHASE ()

-1 0 0

-1 5 0

1 10 10 0 1k

Frequency (Hz)

Eg 4.2 Second Order Butterworth VCVS High Pass Filter

VS 10 0 AC 1M
C1 10 11 1u
C2 11 3 1u
R1 6 11 12.5k
R2 3 0 2k
RB 6 2 9k
RA 2 0 1k
XA 3 2 6 0 opamp1

.SUBCKT opamp1 13 12 16 10
RID 13 12 2MEG
R0 19 16 75
EA 19 10 13 12 2e5
.ends

.ac dec 20 0.001 1k

.tf v(6) vs
.print PHASE='vp(6,10)' GAIN='20*log10(v(6)/(v(10)*10))'
.probe
.end

OUTPUT
 Eg4.2
GA IN

-5 0
GAIN ()

-1 00

-1 50

-2 00

1m 10 m 10 0 m 1 10 10 0 1k

Frequency (Hz)

Eg4.2
2 00 PH ASE

1 50

1 00
PHASE ()

50

1m 10 m 10 0 m 1 10 10 0 1k

Frequency (Hz)

Eg 4.3 Second Order Butterworth VCVS Band Pass Filter

VS 10 0 AC 1M
C1 11 0 5u
C2 11 3 5u
R1 10 11 1k
R2 3 0 2k
R3 11 6 1k
RA 2 0 1k
RB 6 2 1.727k
XA 3 2 6 0 opamp1

.SUBCKT opamp1 13 12 16 10
RID 13 12 2MEG
R0 19 16 75
EA 19 10 13 12 2e5
.ends

.ac dec 20 1 1k
.tf v(6) vs
.print GAIN=’vm(6)/vm(10)’ vp(6,10)
.probe
.end

OUTPUT
 Eg4.3
v p (6 ,1 0 )

1 00

50
Voltage Phase (deg)

-5 0

-1 0 0

1 10 10 0 1k

Frequency (Hz)

Eg4.3
GA IN
11

10

5
GAIN ()

-1

1 10 10 0 1k

Frequency (Hz)

Eg 4.4 Second Order VCVS Band Reject Filter

VS 10 0 AC 1M
C1 10 12 5u
C2 12 3 5u
C3 11 0 10u
R1 10 11 1k
R2 11 3 1k
R3 12 6 500
RA 2 0 1k
RB 6 2 900
XA 3 2 6 0 opamp1

.SUBCKT opamp1 13 12 16 10
RID 13 12 2MEG
R0 19 16 75
EA 19 10 13 12 2e5
.ends

.ac dec 20 1 1k
.tf v(6) vs
.print PHASE='vp(6,10)' GAIN='20*log10(v(6)/(v(10)*1.9))'
.probe
.end

OUTPUT
 Eg4.4
GA IN

-5

-1 0
GAIN ()

-1 5

-2 0

-2 5

1 10 10 0 1k

Frequency (Hz)

Eg4.4
PH ASE

50

0
PHASE ()

-5 0

-1 00

1 10 10 0 1k

Frequency (Hz)

Eg 4.5 First Order VCVS All Pass Filter

VS 10 0 AC 1M
C 2 0 3.218u
R1 10 3 1k
R2 3 6 1k
R3 10 2 1k
XA 3 2 6 0 opamp1

.SUBCKT opamp1 13 12 16 10
RID 13 12 2MEG
R0 19 16 75
EA 19 10 13 12 2e5
.ends

.ac dec 20 0.001 1k

.tf v(6) vs
.print GAIN=’vm(6)/vm(10)’ vp(6,10)
.probe
.end
OUTPUT
Eg4.5
v p (6 ,1 0 )

-5 0
Voltage Phase (deg)

-1 0 0

-1 5 0

1m 10 m 10 0m 1 10 10 0 1k

Frequency (Hz)

Eg4.5
GA IN
1 .1

1 .0

0 .9

0 .8

0 .7

0 .6
GAIN ()

0 .5

0 .4

0 .3

0 .2

0 .1

-0 .0

-0 .1

1m 10 m 10 0m 1 10 10 0 1k

Frequency (Hz)

Eg 4.6 Second Order MFB Low Pass Filter

VS 10 0 AC 1M
C1 2 6 758e-12
C2 11 0 33.43e-9
R1 10 11 1k
R2 11 2 1k
R3 11 6 10k
XA 0 2 6 0 opamp1

.SUBCKT opamp1 13 12 16 10
RID 13 12 2MEG
R0 19 16 75
EA 19 10 13 12 2e5
.ends

.ac dec 20 1 100k

.tf v(6) vs
.print PHASE='vp(6,10)' GAIN='20*log10(v(6)/(v(10)*10))'
.probe
.end

OUTPUT
 Eg4.6
GA IN

-5

-1 0

-1 5

-2 0
GAIN ()

-2 5

-3 0

-3 5

-4 0

1 10 10 0 1k 10 k 10 0k

Frequency (Hz)

Eg4.6
2 00 PH ASE

1 50

1 00
PHASE ()

50

1 10 10 0 1k 10 k 10 0k

Frequency (Hz)

Eg 4.7 Passive Low Pass Filter

VI 1 0 ac 1 pulse(0 1 0 1us)
C1 2 0 5nf
C2 3 0 0.2uf
S1 1 2 10 0 switch
S2 2 3 20 0 switch

.model switch sw RON=0.5 roff=10e+8 von=5v voff=0v

VCK1 10 0 pulse(0 5 0 5n 5n 2.5u 5u)
VCK2 20 0 pulse(5 0 0 5n 5n 2.5u 5u)

.tran 0.2ms 2ms

VI1 11 0 AC 1 pulse(0 1 0 1us)
R2 11 12 1k
C3 12 0 0.2uf
.print tran v(3) v(12) v(1)
.probe
.end
OUTPUT

Eg4.7
v (1 )
1 .1
v (1 2 )
v (3 )

1 .0

0 .9

0 .8

0 .7
Voltage (V)

0 .6

0 .5

0 .4

0 .3

0 .2

0 .1

-0. 0

-0. 1

0 .0 0 .5 1 .0 1 .5 2 .0

Time (ms)

Eg 6.1 Wien Bridge Oscillator

.ic v(3,0) = 2v
RI 2 0 10k
RF 2 6 20k
R1 3 0 6.366k
R2 10 6 6.366k
C1 3 0 1nf
C2 10 3 1nf
XA 3 2 6 0 opamp1

.SUBCKT opamp1 13 12 16 10
RID 13 12 2MEG
EA 16 10 13 12 2e5
.ends
.tran 0.05us 50us uic
.print tran v(6)
.probe
.end
OUTPUT
Eg6.1
v (6 )

15

10

5
Voltage (V)

-5

-10

-15

0 5 10 15 20 25 30 35 40 45 50

Time (us)

Eg 6.2 Wien Bridge Oscillator Loop Gain

.subckt wien I O
.ic v(3,0) = 2v
RI 2 0 10k
RF 2 I 20k
R1 3 0 6.366k
R2 10 O 6.366k
C1 3 0 1nf
C2 10 3 1nf
XA 3 2 I 0 opamp1
.ends

.SUBCKT opamp1 13 12 16 10
RID 13 12 2MEG
EA 16 10 13 12 2e5
.ends
X TVI TVO wien
VS TVO TVI AC 1v
EVI VI 0 0 TVI 1
R1 VI 0 1e6
EVO VO 0 TVO 0 1
R2 VO 0 1e6
.ac dec 40 1khz 1meghz
.print PHASE='vp(vi)-vp(vo)' GAIN='vdb(vi,vo)'
.probe
.end

OUTPUT
 Eg6.2
GA IN

-5

-1 0
GAIN ()

-1 5

-2 0

-2 5

1k 10 k 10 0k 1M

Frequency (Hz)

Eg6.2
PH AS E

2 00

1 50

1 00

50
PHASE ()

-5 0

-1 00

-1 50

-2 00

1k 10 k 10 0k 1M

Frequency (Hz)

Eg 6.3 Colpitts Oscillator

.ic v(10,0) = 2v
RI 2 11 10k
RF 2 6 11k
R1 6 10 1k
L 10 11 5mh
C1 11 0 0.05u
C2 10 0 0.05u
XA 0 2 6 0 opamp1

.SUBCKT opamp1 13 12 16 10
RID 13 12 2MEG
EA 16 10 13 12 2e5
.ends

.tran 5us 300us uic

.print tran v(6)
.probe
.end

OUTPUT
Eg6.3
v (6 )

1 .0

0 .5

0 .0
Voltage (V)

-0. 5

-1. 0

-1. 5

0 50 100 150 200 250 300

Time (us)

Eg 6.4 Colpitts Oscillator Loop Gain

.subckt colpits I O
.ic v(10,0) = 2v
RI 2 O 10k
RF 2 6 11k
R1 6 10 1k
L 10 I 5mh
C1 I 0 0.05u
C2 10 0 0.05u
XA 0 2 6 0 opamp1
.ENDS

.SUBCKT opamp1 13 12 16 10
RID 13 12 2MEG
EA 16 10 13 12 2e5
.ends

X TVI TVO colpits

VS TVO TVI AC 1v
EVI VI 0 0 TVI 1
R1 VI 0 1e6
EVO VO 0 TVO 0 1
R2 VO 0 1e6

.ac dec 1000 1khz 0.1MEG

.print PHASE=’vp(vi) - vp(vo)’ GAIN=’ vdb(vi,vo)’
.probe
.end

OUTPUT
 Eg6.4
GA IN
0

-5

-1 0

-1 5

-2 0

-2 5

-3 0
GAIN ()

-3 5

-4 0

-4 5

-5 0

-5 5

-6 0

1k 3k 10 k 32 k 1 0 0k

Frequency (Hz)

Eg6.4
PH ASE

1 50

1 00

50

0
PHASE ()

-5 0

-1 00

-1 50

1k 3k 10 k 32 k 1 0 0k

Frequency (Hz)