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Tcp/Ip Networking: 69-3 Nguyen Thi Nho, P9, Q.Tbinh, Tp. HCM

This document discusses TCP/IP networking in Linux. It describes the TCP/IP protocol suite including key protocols like IP, TCP, UDP, and ICMP. It also covers IPv4 addressing formats and address types, as well as how to configure Linux networking through files like hosts, nsswitch.conf, and resolv.conf. The goal is to help Linux systems integrate into a TCP/IP network using the correct IP addressing and configuration.

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m3onh0x84
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31 views

Tcp/Ip Networking: 69-3 Nguyen Thi Nho, P9, Q.Tbinh, Tp. HCM

This document discusses TCP/IP networking in Linux. It describes the TCP/IP protocol suite including key protocols like IP, TCP, UDP, and ICMP. It also covers IPv4 addressing formats and address types, as well as how to configure Linux networking through files like hosts, nsswitch.conf, and resolv.conf. The goal is to help Linux systems integrate into a TCP/IP network using the correct IP addressing and configuration.

Uploaded by

m3onh0x84
Copyright
© Attribution Non-Commercial (BY-NC)
Available Formats
Download as PPT, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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Chapter 12

TCP/IP Networking

SAIGONLAB 83 Nguyễn
69-3 ThịThi
Nguyen Nhỏ,Nho,
P9, Q.Tân Bình, Tp.Tp.
P9, Q.TBinh, HCMHCM LPI 102
Objectives

 Recognize, define TCP/IP protocol suite


 IPv4 addressing
 Use basic TCP/IP applications (kppp)
 Construct TCP/IP configuration files
 Integrate a Linux system into a TCP/IP
network.

SAIGONLAB 83 Nguyễn
69-3 ThịThi
Nguyen Nhỏ,Nho,
P9, Q.Tân Bình, Tp.Tp.
P9, Q.TBinh, HCMHCM LPI 102
Overview of TCP/IP

TCP/IP suite grew out of a 1969 DARPA


funded project that look to develop a packet switching
network – ARPANET
1983, ARPANET divided into two networks: MILNET
and smaller ARPANET (Internet)
1990, ARPANET formally existence
TCP/IP is available to many OS : Linux, MS-DOS,
Windows, OS/2, Novell ,…

SAIGONLAB 83 Nguyễn
69-3 ThịThi
Nguyen Nhỏ,Nho,
P9, Q.Tân Bình, Tp.Tp.
P9, Q.TBinh, HCMHCM LPI 102
Overview of TCP/IP

Protocols: IP (Internet Protocol), Transmission


Control Protocol (TCP), User Datagram Protocol
(UDP), Internet Control Message Protocol (ICMP), …
IP : defines the structure of packets of data that
exchanged over the network
TCP : byte stream protocol that support error
checking, flow control and is extremely reliable.
( Telnet, FTP, …)
UDP : unreliable and connectionless : do not “agree”
to data being transmitted prior to the sender beginning
transmission and no technique to verify arrived data.
(NFS, NIS, DNS, …)

SAIGONLAB 83 Nguyễn
69-3 ThịThi
Nguyen Nhỏ,Nho,
P9, Q.Tân Bình, Tp.Tp.
P9, Q.TBinh, HCMHCM LPI 102
Overview of TCP/IP

ICMP : connectionless transport agent, exchanges


control information among network systems:
Checking remote hosts (ex: ping)
Detecting unreachable destinations
Network congestion
Redirect routes

SAIGONLAB 83 Nguyễn
69-3 ThịThi
Nguyen Nhỏ,Nho,
P9, Q.Tân Bình, Tp.Tp.
P9, Q.TBinh, HCMHCM LPI 102
Networks

Networks are composed of hosts, routers, ..


Hosts : end-user devices : pc, printer, fax, ..
Routers : have more than one interface cards allow
to connect to number of networks the same family
protocols
Gateways : like routers but also be convert between
protocols: TCP/IP and SNA (Systems Network
Architecture)
TCP/IP runs over : Ethernet, Token Ring, Serial Line
Protocols (PPP, SLIP), FDDI

SAIGONLAB 83 Nguyễn
69-3 ThịThi
Nguyen Nhỏ,Nho,
P9, Q.Tân Bình, Tp.Tp.
P9, Q.TBinh, HCMHCM LPI 102
Internet Protocol Address

A logical address IPv4 use 32-bit address with four


numbers (0-255) separated by ‘.’
IP address are assigned by a central authority
(InterNIC)
IP address mapped to hardware using ARP (IP to
MAC) & RARP(MAC to IP) protocols
Some address values reserved : 0 (not used), 10
(internal networks), 255 (broadcast), 127 ( loopback )

SAIGONLAB 83 Nguyễn
69-3 ThịThi
Nguyen Nhỏ,Nho,
P9, Q.Tân Bình, Tp.Tp.
P9, Q.TBinh, HCMHCM LPI 102
IPv4 Address Format

Every host has unique IP address


Includes Network ID and Host ID

SAIGONLAB 83 Nguyễn
69-3 ThịThi
Nguyen Nhỏ,Nho,
P9, Q.Tân Bình, Tp.Tp.
P9, Q.TBinh, HCMHCM LPI 102
IPv4 Address Format

Class A : 0.0.0.0 to 126.255.255.255


Class B : 128.0.0.0 to 191.255.255.255
Class C : 192.0.0.0 to 223.255.255.255
Class D : 224.0.0.0 to 239.255.255.255
Class E : 240.0.0.0 to 247.255.255.255

SAIGONLAB 83 Nguyễn
69-3 ThịThi
Nguyen Nhỏ,Nho,
P9, Q.Tân Bình, Tp.Tp.
P9, Q.TBinh, HCMHCM LPI 102
Three types of IP address

Unicast Traffic is destined for a single host


Multicast Traffic is destined for a group of hosts
requesting multicast
Broadcast Traffic is destined for all hostson a given
network

SAIGONLAB 83 Nguyễn
69-3 ThịThi
Nguyen Nhỏ,Nho,
P9, Q.Tân Bình, Tp.Tp.
P9, Q.TBinh, HCMHCM LPI 102
Internal (Private) IP Address

Class A : 10.x.x.x
Address: 10.0.0.1 to 127.255.255.254
Class B : 172.16.x.x to 172.31.x.x
Class C : 192.168.x.x

SAIGONLAB 83 Nguyễn
69-3 ThịThi
Nguyen Nhỏ,Nho,
P9, Q.Tân Bình, Tp.Tp.
P9, Q.TBinh, HCMHCM LPI 102
Setting up Networking
Configuration files : in /etc/
hosts Contains mapping b/w IP address and name; used for
name resolution
host.conf Controls name resolution on older systems;
replaced on newer systems by nsswitch.conf
hostname Contains the logical hostname
HOSTNAME Contains the logical hostname
networks Contains mapping b/w network address and name;
often blank file
nsswitch.conf Controls the sources used by different
system library lookup function like nameresolution,
supersedes host.conf
resolv.conf Controls the client-side portions of DNS and is
used in name resolution

SAIGONLAB 83 Nguyễn
69-3 ThịThi
Nguyen Nhỏ,Nho,
P9, Q.Tân Bình, Tp.Tp.
P9, Q.TBinh, HCMHCM LPI 102
Defining IP addresses

Defining IP addresses : in /etc/hosts


IP_address hostname aliases
Large sites use DNS
 One or more host on the network maintain all IP
address
 Individual hosts request addresses as needed
 Addresses cached locally to optimize DNS
…

SAIGONLAB 83 Nguyễn
69-3 ThịThi
Nguyen Nhỏ,Nho,
P9, Q.Tân Bình, Tp.Tp.
P9, Q.TBinh, HCMHCM LPI 102
Summary

Linux systems use TCP/IP for networking


Every host on the network must have an unique IP
address.

SAIGONLAB 83 Nguyễn
69-3 ThịThi
Nguyen Nhỏ,Nho,
P9, Q.Tân Bình, Tp.Tp.
P9, Q.TBinh, HCMHCM LPI 102

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