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Appendix Exp 3

1. The document reports on experimental and theoretical results for free and forced convection. Experimentally, temperatures were measured at various points for free convection, resulting in an average temperature of 93.32°C and a heat transfer coefficient of 11.46 W/m2°C. Theoretically, properties were calculated resulting in a heat transfer coefficient of 9.0056 W/m2°C. 2. For forced convection, the experimental average temperature was 67.06°C and the heat transfer coefficient was 24.637 W/m2°C. Theoretically, properties were determined giving a heat transfer coefficient of 25.35 W/m2°C. 3. Comparisons

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45 views

Appendix Exp 3

1. The document reports on experimental and theoretical results for free and forced convection. Experimentally, temperatures were measured at various points for free convection, resulting in an average temperature of 93.32°C and a heat transfer coefficient of 11.46 W/m2°C. Theoretically, properties were calculated resulting in a heat transfer coefficient of 9.0056 W/m2°C. 2. For forced convection, the experimental average temperature was 67.06°C and the heat transfer coefficient was 24.637 W/m2°C. Theoretically, properties were determined giving a heat transfer coefficient of 25.35 W/m2°C. 3. Comparisons

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1.

0 APPENDIX

Free Convection: EXPERIMENTAL


At t=80 min

T 1+ T 2+T 3+T 4+T 5

a. Tm =

C)

96.5+95.5+94.6+ 90.6+89.4

C)

= 93.32 0C

b.

T f =T 8 ()
43.4

c.

T =T mT f ( )
93.3243.4 ( )
49.92

d.

A=

2 2
D (m )
4

( 0.02 )2 ( m2 )
4
3.142 104 m2

e.

T
( 6T 7)
kf A
(W )
Xo
Q=

110.7 3.142 104 ( 104.9103.4 )


(W )
0.01
5.2173W

f.

A S = DL (m2)
0.02 0.145 ( m2)
9.118 103 m2

g.

h Ex =

Q
(W /m2 . )
A s T

5.2173
(W /m2 .)
3
9.118 10 49.92

11.46(W /m2 . )

Free Convection: Theoretically

h. T m=

T 1 +T 2+T 3 +T 4 +T 5

96.5+ 95.5+94.6+ 90.6+89.4


()
5

93.92

i.

T f =T 8 =43.4

j.

T 1=( T m +273.15 ) ( T f +273.15 )


= (93.92+273.15) (43.4+ 273.15
= 50.52

k.

T mf =

( T m+ 273.15 ) + ( T f +273.15 )
2

(K)

( 93.92+273.15 )+ ( 43.4+273.15 )
(K)
2
341.81 K

Data from Thermodynamics heat transfer data booklet:


T mf =341.81 K

Temperatur
e (oC)
X1
X
X2

Y = 0.04418+
k = 0.04671

300
341.81
350

Thermal
Conductivity ,k
(W/mK)
0.04418
?
0.04721

Y1
Y
Y2

( 341.81300 )( 0.047210.04418 )
350300
W /m K

X1
X
X2

Temperatur
e (oC)
300
341.81
350

Kinematic Viscosity
,v(m2/s)
4.765x10-5
?
5.475x10-5

Y1
Y
Y2
3

Y = 4.765x10-5+
v

( 341.81300 )( 5.475 E54.765 E5 )


350300

= 5.3587x10-5

X1
X
X2

Y = 0.6935+

Temperatur
e (oC)
300
341.81
350

Prandtl Number, Pr
0.6935
?
0.6937

Y1
Y
Y2

( 341.81300 )( 0.69370.6935 )
350300

Pr = 0.69367

G r=

g D T 1
v

0.02

3(50.52)

5.3587 x 105 2
9.81(2.9256 103 )

=4039.41
1

N u=0.53 (Gr Pr )4
0.53(4039.41 0.69367)

1
4

3.8560

hTh =

Nu k
(W /m2 .)
D

3.8560 0.04671
(W /m2 .)
0.02

9.0056(W / m2 . )

A= D 2( m2 )
4
0.02


4
3.142 104 m2

C=D ( m )
( 0.02 )
0.063 m

m=

hTh C
(m)
kf A

9.0056 0.063
110.7(3.142 104 )

4.0388 m

tanh mL
mL

tanh(4.0388 0.145)
(4.0388 0.145)
0.8995

H=

hTh
(m)
kf m

9.0056
110.7 4.0388

0.02014 m

T b=T 1=96.5

( L X 1 )
cosh m ( LX 1 ) + H sinh m
[ cosh mL+ H sinh mL (T bT f ) ] +T f ( )

T Th 1=

49.96

( L X 2 )
cosh m ( LX 2 ) + H sinh m
[ cosh mL+ H sinh mL (T bT f ) ] +T f ( )

T Th 2=

48.54

( L X 3 )
cosh m ( LX 3 ) + H sinh m
[ cosh mL+ H sinh mL (T bT f ) ] +T f ( )

T Th3 =

47.11

( LX 4 )
cosh m ( L X 4 ) + H sinh m
[ cosh mL+ H sinh mL (T bT f ) ] +T f ( )

T Th4 =

45.68
6

( L X 5 )
cosh m ( LX 5 ) + H sinh m
[ cosh mL+ H sinh mL (T bT f ) ] +T f ( )

T Th5 =

44.26

TEx1 = 96.5
TEx2 = 95.5
TEx3 = 94.6
TEx4 = 90.6
TEx5 = 89.4

Forced Convection: Experimentally

T m=

T 1 +T 2+T 3 +T 4 +T 5
( )
5

71.0+ 69.8+68.6+63.4+ 62.5


( )
5

67.06

T f =T 8 ()
31.4

T =T m T f ( )

67.0631.4 ( )
35.66

A=

2 2
D (m )
4

( 0.02 )2 ( m2 )
4
4

3.142 10 m

T
( 6T 7)
kf A
(W )
Xo
Q=
4

110.7 3.142 10 (83.381.0)

(W )
0.01

7.999W

A S =DL(m2 )
0.02 0.145(m2)
9.106 103 m2

h Ex =

Q
(W /m2 . )
A s T

7.999
2
(W /m . )
3
9.106 10 35.66

24.637(W /m2 .)

Forced Convection: Theoretically

T m=

T 1 +T 2+T 3 +T 4 +T 5

71.0+69.8+ 68.6+63.4+ 62.5

67.06

T f =T 8 =31.4

T mf =

( T m+ 273.15 ) + ( T f +273.15 )
2

(K)

( 67.06+ 273.15 )+ ( 31.4+273.15 )


(K )
2

322.38 K

Data from Thermodynamics heat transfer data booklet:


T mf =322.38 K

Temperatur
e (oC)
X1
X

300
322.38

X2

350

Thermal
Conductivity ,k
(W/mK)
0.04418
?
0.04721

Y1
Y
Y2

( 322.38300 ) ( 0.047210.04418 )
350300

Y = 0.04418+
k = 0.0455

W /m K

The properties of air (

a 1 , k , at temperature

T mf from data book

k= 0.0455 W/(m.K)
= 3.0087
a 1=

10-5 (kg/m.sec)

0.5937 kg/m3

a p = d 2p ( m2 )
4

(0.052)2 ( m2 )
4
3

2.124 10 m

ao = d 2o (m 2 )
4

(0.026)(m2)
4
4

5.310 10 m

H=

h 1h2 w
1 ( m )
100 a

18.610.5 1000
(
1)(m)
100
0.5937

136.35 m

10

Q a=

C O a p ao 2 g H

a a
2
p

2
o

m3 / sec

0.64 (2.124 10 )(5.310 10 ) 2(9.81)(136.35)

(2.124 10

3 2

) ( 5.310 104 )

0.01854 sec

V O=

Qa
(m/sec)
AD

0.01854
(m/sec)
0.0150

1.210(m/sec )

V 1=

V o T mf
(m/sec)
T f +273.15

1.210 322.38
(m/sec )
(31.4+273.15)

1.2696 m/sec

Re =

DV 1 a 1

0.02 1.2696 0.5937


3.0087 105

501.055

Re

N u=0.615

11

501.055

0.615
11.144

hTh =

Nu k
(W /m2 .)
D

11.144 0.0455
(W /m2 .)
0.02
25.35(W /m 2 .)

A= D 2( m2 )
4
0.02


4
3.142 104 m2

C=D ( m )
(0.02)
0.063 m

m=

hTh C
(m)
kf A

25.35 0.063
110.7 (3.142 104 )

6.776 m

12

tanh mL
mL

tanh(6.776 0.145)
(6.776 0.145)

0.7675

H=

hTh
(m)
kf m

25.35
110.7 6.776

0.0338 m

T b=T 1=71.0

( L X 1 )
cosh m ( LX 1 ) + H sinh m
[ cosh mL+ H sinh mL (T bT f ) ] +T f ( )

T Th 1=

1365.3

( L X 2 )
cosh m ( LX 2 ) + H sinh m
[ cosh mL+ H sinh mL (T bT f ) ] +T f ( )

T Th 2=

1075.32

13

( L X 3 )
cosh m ( LX 3 ) + H sinh m
[ cosh mL+ H sinh mL (T bT f ) ] +T f ( )

T Th3 =

785.34

( LX 4 )
cosh m ( L X 4 ) + H sinh m
[ cosh mL+ H sinh mL (T bT f ) ] +T f ( )

T Th4 =

495.37

( L X 5 )
cosh m ( LX 5 ) + H sinh m
[ cosh mL+ H sinh mL (T bT f ) ] +T f ( )

T Th5 =

205.3

TEx1 = 71.0
TEx2 = 69.8
TEx3 = 68.6
TEx4 = 63.4
TEx5 = 62.5

14

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