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Cars Traveling Around A Banked Curve : W/ Friction

The document discusses the maximum and minimum speeds required for a car to travel around a banked curve without sliding. It uses Newton's second law and free body diagrams to model the forces on the car. For the maximum speed case, the potential motion is sliding up the incline, while for the minimum speed the potential motion is sliding down. Expressions are derived for both the maximum and minimum speeds in terms of the curve radius, gravitational acceleration, friction coefficient, and bank angle.

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Salman Khan
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671 views

Cars Traveling Around A Banked Curve : W/ Friction

The document discusses the maximum and minimum speeds required for a car to travel around a banked curve without sliding. It uses Newton's second law and free body diagrams to model the forces on the car. For the maximum speed case, the potential motion is sliding up the incline, while for the minimum speed the potential motion is sliding down. Expressions are derived for both the maximum and minimum speeds in terms of the curve radius, gravitational acceleration, friction coefficient, and bank angle.

Uploaded by

Salman Khan
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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Cars Traveling Around a Banked Curve (w/ friction)

Ex.
Find the maximum speed a car of mass m traveling along a banked curve (whose path is the
shape of a circle of radius r) can have in order to make the curve without sliding up the incline.

Nx

Potential Sliding Motion

N
Ny

N y N cos

fx

f x f s cos s N cos

fy

fs

v2

r
N x N sin

ar
or

ar

f y f s sin s N sin

Determine the motion in each direction using Newtons 2nd law and the force diagram.

Fx mar

Fy 0

N x f x mar

N y W f y 0

Substitute & solve for the Normal Force from the y component:
v2
N cos mg s N sin 0
N sin s N cos m
r
v2
N sin s cos m
r

N cos s sin mg

mg
cos s sin

Substitute the expression for the Normal force into the x component equation and solve for v:

v2
mg
m

sin

cos

s
r
cos s sin

v 2 g sin s cos

cos s sin
r
vmax

gr sin s cos
cos s sin

Including friction, this is the restriction on the speed of the car


to go around a banked curve without sliding up the incline.

If vcar > vmax, the car will slide up the incline

In terms of the angle:

v2
s
gr
tan 2
v
1 s
gr

* There is also a minimum speed the car must have when you include friction or
it will start to slide down the incline.
For this scenario, the potential motion is down the incline. This means the static friction force
points up the incline.

Ex.
Find the minimum speed a car traveling along a banked curve (whose path is the shape of a
circle) can have in order to make the curve without sliding down the incline.

Nx
N

fx

Ny

fs

fy

ar

v2

r
N x N sin

ar

N y N cos

or

f x f s cos s N cos

Potential Sliding Motion

f y f s sin s N sin

Determine the motion in each direction using Newtons 2nd law and the force diagram.

Fx mar

Fy 0

N x f x mar

N y W f y 0

Substitute & solve for the Normal Force from the y component:
v2
N cos mg s N sin 0
N sin s N cos m
r
v2
N sin s cos m
r

N cos s sin mg

mg
cos s sin

Substitute the expression for the Normal force into the x component equation and solve for v:

v2
mg

sin s cos m
r
cos s sin

v 2 g sin s cos

r
cos s sin

vmin

gr sin s cos
cos s sin

Including friction, this is the restriction on the speed of the car


to go around a banked curve without sliding down the incline.

If vcar < vmin, the car will slide down the incline
In terms of the angle:

v2
s
gr
tan 2
v
1 s
gr

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