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Bursa Wolfe Transformation

The document discusses coordinate transformation methods, focusing on 3D conformal coordinate transformations. It describes how rotation matrices are used to define the orientation of one coordinate system relative to another in 3D space. The Bursa-Wolfe transformation equation is presented as a method for performing datum transformations, using rotation parameters and a scale factor to transform coordinates from one datum to another. The document provides details of the NRMDP study that derived the parameters for transforming between the WGS84 and PRS92 datums in the Philippines.

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420 views7 pages

Bursa Wolfe Transformation

The document discusses coordinate transformation methods, focusing on 3D conformal coordinate transformations. It describes how rotation matrices are used to define the orientation of one coordinate system relative to another in 3D space. The Bursa-Wolfe transformation equation is presented as a method for performing datum transformations, using rotation parameters and a scale factor to transform coordinates from one datum to another. The document provides details of the NRMDP study that derived the parameters for transforming between the WGS84 and PRS92 datums in the Philippines.

Uploaded by

GabrielLorenzoBueta
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
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Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
You are on page 1/ 7

3/7/2012

Derivation of the WGS84-PRS92


Transformation Equation:
A review

Focused Group Discussion


Engr .John Louie D. Fabila

Coordinate Transformation
Bursa-Wolfe
2D
Transformation

3D Conformal

Coordinate Transformation
Mathematical process of converting
coordinate values from one coordinate
system to another
Used in various aspects of geodetic
practice, such as geometric and satellite
geodesy, geodetic astronomy,
photogrammetry and remote sensing

3D Conformal Coordinate Transformation

3D
Transformation

3D Affine

Molodensky

, , , s , X , Y , Z
3-Parameter

where
, , = rotation in x,y,z

Transformation
equations
can be expressed in 7
independent parameters;
x

y
Y
Y

s = scale
3D Polynomial

X , Y , Z = translations in x,y,z

3/7/2012

ROTATION MATRICES
To define the angular orientation of a 3D
coordinate system with respect to another
3D coordinate system, we need to define 3
rotation parameters

ROTATION IN A PLANE

ROTATION IN A PLANE

Given point P,
express its new
XY coordinates
as a function of its
old XY
coordinates, and
the rotation angle

3/7/2012

ROTATION IN A PLANE
Rotation matrices are orthogonal

r112 + r212 = 1
r11r12 + r21r22 = 0

ROTATION IN SPACE
,, are the rotation angle we need to
apply to make the 2 coordinate systems
parallel
Rotation matrix has nine elements,
governed by these 3 parameters
Construct xyz coordinate system parallel
to XYZ whose origin coincides with that of
xyz coordinate system

R 1 = RT

ROTATION IN SPACE

0
0 x '
x 1
y = 0 cos sin y '


z 0 sin cos z '

ROTATION IN SPACE

x
x '
y = M y '

z
z '

3/7/2012

ROTATION IN SPACE

x cos

y = 0
z sin

x

y = M
z

0 sin x
1
0 y
0 cos z

ROTATION IN SPACE
x cos


y = sin
z 0

x

y
z

y = M
z

FROM coord. system

x ' x
y ' = y = M M M


z ' z
m11
M = M M M = m21
m31

cos
0

0 x

0 y
1 z

x

y
z

ROTATION IN SPACE

ROTATION IN SPACE
Coord. system parallel to TO coord.
system

sin

m11 = cos cos

m12 = sin sin cos + cos sin

m13 = cos sin cos + sin sin

x
y

z

m12
m22
m32

m21 = cos sin m22 = sin sin sin + cos cos


m23 = cos sin sin + sin cos
m31 = sin

m32 = sin cos

m33 = cos cos

m13
m23
m33

cos cos
M = cos sin
sin

sin sin cos + cos sin


sin sin sin + cos cos
sin cos

cos sin cos + sin sin


cos sin sin + sin cos

cos cos

3/7/2012

3D Coordinate Transformation

3D Coordinate Transformation

After rotating, scale and translate

X
x ' X
Y = s y ' + Y


Z
z ' Z
X
x X
Y = sM y + Y


Z
z Z

X = sMx + T

Special Case: Datum


Transformations
Almost all modern datums are nearly
aligned, leading to small rotation angles
Datums using the same units of measure
have scale factor nearly equal to 1
The difference in size of ellipsoids used
are in the order of 1x10-6

Assumptions used
For small angles (in radians),
sin =
cos = 1
Product of 2 sines are equal to zero

Since scale is almost equal to 1, use (1+s)


instead of s for scale, where s is the
deviation from a value of 1.
For small values of s, we can use binomial
series expansion:
1
= 1 x + (higher order)
1+ x

3/7/2012

Bursa-Wolfe Transformation
Equation

Coordinate Transformation
cos cos
M = cos sin
sin

sin sin cos + cos sin


sin sin sin + cos cos
sin cos

1
M = RZ
RY

RZ
1
RX

X
Y = sM

Z

cos sin cos + sin sin


cos sin sin + sin cos

cos cos

RY
RX
1

X
1
Y
6
=
1
+
s

10
(
)

RZ
Z PRS 92
RY

Reverse Equation
RZ RY X X
x
1
1

y =
1
RX Y + Y
1 + s 106 RZ
z
RY RX
1 Z Z
RZ
RY X
X
1
X
Y

6
= (1 s 10 ) RZ
1
RX Y
+ Y

Z WGS 84
RY RX
1 Z PRS 92 Z

x X
y + Y

z Z
RZ
1
RX

RY X
X
RX Y
+ Y
1 Z WGS 84 Z

NRMDP results(Jones, 1991)


Rx
Ry
Rz

3.06762"
-4.90291"
-1.57790"

X
Y
Z
s

127.62195
67.24478
47.04305
1.06002

29 stations common
to both WGS84 data
set and the Luzon
Datum data set were
used

3/7/2012

NAMRIA WEBSITE

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