Multiband Antena 9a4zz
Multiband Antena 9a4zz
Introduction
While constructing different antenna types (very short antennas, 9A4ZZ BIPOLE antenna-my original
solution and different versions of it, versions of EH antenna, my solution EMA antenna) I came to
decision to make a multiband HF larger antenna, suitable for portable and fixed work, as commercial
HAM antennas.
I have sublimed all available literature and applied solutions that have already been used for short
antennas.
I have used detailed measurements of distributed loaded monopole-antenna, a lot of amateur
homemade solutions and also some of my ideas for constructing simple HF multi-band antenna
(simple only in meaning of mechanical construction).
In 2005 I made a short, vertical DX antenna effective for the whole HF band and presented it at
Zagreb Radio Fest, in September 2005.
It is well known that vertical antenna is suitable for DX work because of low angle radiates, so that
kind of construction have been chosen.
Antenna had shown very good results at all HF bands during one year of usage.
Companies that are manufacturing HF antennas usually offer short vertical HF multiband antennas,
6-7 m high, suitable for work and for assembling in limited space.
In order to make selling and assembling of these antennas more simple, they are not anchored.
Furthermore they are slim and light, using traps and highly reduced ground plane system or do not
have it at all. Therefore their efficiency is reduced (especially on lower bands) and they have low
bandwidth.
What is in common for all those commercial antennae is that antenna for 80M- band is achieved only
as a result of constructing antennae for upper bands and is composed of traps that are not radiating.
All you get is a good SWR for antenna using 80M band with low efficiency and bandwidth.
Base of my vertical multiband antenna V8 - 9A4ZZ is efficiency antenna construction for 80M-band,
height of 6.5m with elements for upper bands that are added to this construction.
For better understanding please see the pictures from the article on Croatian language on the next
pages.
Principles
My antenna is combined from the antenna for 80M band 0.075wl high and antenna for upper bands
from 0.15wl up to 0.25wl. Construction of 80Ms antenna mechanically carries antennae for upper
bands.
Because the 80Ms antenna is short by construction, we must decrease losses as much as possible
by:
In order to get more efficient vertical antenna for 80M band with mechanical height about 0.1wl, area
under the curve of current distribution must be as large as possible, which directly determines
efficiency of radiation. For 0.25wl antenna it is the area under the quarter of sine curve.
My solution for that current distribution is irregular, vertical, rectangle 0.1wl high, which has a slightly
smaller area then under the sine curve of 0.25wl antenna.
That is achieved:
by the helix coil in the bottom of antenna which increases intensity of base current, then
inserting coil with large Q factor on two-thirds of height in order to extend antenna and to keep
uniform current distribution towards the intensity in bases of antenna
by the top-hat capacity on antenna top, which enables the current of such value so that the
current distribution along the antenna is uniform
In that way the area under the curve of current distribution is slightly smaller then area under the sine
curve of 0.25wl antenna while it is mechanically long only 6.5m.
Aside from this, antenna is mechanically fat from 55mm up to 65mm which in respect to its height of
6.5m electrically prolongs antenna and it has the larger area that also increases the efficiency and the
bandwidth, which is the main problem by short commercial antennas.
Antenna matching
Antenna has power feeding with the coaxial cable 50 ohm. The last 0.5m of the cable should be
stripped. The central cable line should be connected to helix, while the cable braid should be
connected to the ground plane system.
Firstly we match it up for 80M band. We must find the point of power supply with smallest SWR at the
end of helix coil, but with the upper frequency targeted for approximately 200 kHz, since by adding
other antennae wires the structure will spread and antenna will become electrically longer. In this way
it will be resonant on the wanted lower frequency. Antennae wires for other bands are not connected
at that time.
Then we match it up 40M band in a way that the vertical antenna wire for this band is connected in the
same point where the coaxial feeder has been connected and make sure that SWR is good at the
wanted frequency ie. 7.050 kHz. If not, connection should be made close to the point where the SWR
is the smallest and adjusted by changing their length. Procedure is the same for 30M, 20M, 17M,
and12M band. For 15M and 10M band, antennae wires are adjusted by changing their length.
When all bands have been adjusted by selecting places on the helix coil process of fine adjusting can
be repeated once more to correct eventual deviations for some bands.
Antenna is fed in one point with coaxial cable 50 Ohms and is automatically adjusted for above
mentioned bands. In this way working on upper bands is efficient because there are no traps neither
shortening. The antenna ground plane system has to be set up before the adjusting; 8 wires, each 8m
long.
Corrections of antenna matching can be achieved by fine wire tuning of antenna ground plane system
for the certain frequency.
Antenna construction
Antenna is 6.5m high; in the base is isolator PVC pipe with diameter of 50mm and 0.5m long.
On it AlMgSi tubing diameter 55mm in length 0.5m, then is PVC pipe with diameter of 65 mm and
2.2m long is installed on it helix coil of 90 windings made of Cu stripe 10mm wide and connected with
AlMgSi tubing with diameter of 55mm and 2.5m long.
Then, coil of 12 windings is inserted on the PVC pipe with diameter of 65mm and 0.4m long, from
coaxial RG58 cable, whose endings are shortened.
After that, AlMgSi tubing, with diameter of 55mm and 1.5m long, is connected and upon it capacitive
top-hat from 4 pieces of AlMgSi tubing with diameter of 20mm and 1.5m long is installed on eight
sides, each 0.72m long.
Resonant antenna wires for upper bands are set up from the top-hat to the base of antenna.
Antenna for 40M band is made with wire as linear loading.
Material specifications
AlMgSi tubing, diameter 55mm, length 2.5m, 1 piece
AlMgSi tubing, diameter 55mm, length 1.5m, 1 piece
AlMgSi tubing, diameter 55mm, length 0.5m, 1 piece
AlMgSi tubing, diameter 20mm, length 1.5m, 4 pieces
PVC pipe, diameter 65mm, length 2.2m, 1 piece
PVC pipe, diameter 65mm, length 0.4m, 1 piece
PVC pipe, diameter 50mm, length 0,5m, 1 piece
Cu strap, 0.5mmx10mm, length 18m
RG58 coax, length 3m
Cu wire, 2.5mm2, isolated wire, PVC, length 35m
Cu wire, 1,5mm2, isolated wire, PVC, length 64m
FeZn screws M10 mm, length 1m, 4 pieces
FeZn crooks, length 100mm x 6mm, 3 pieces
INOX screws M6mm, length 90mm, 9 pieces
INOX hose clamp diameter 70mm.2 pieces
INOX hose clamp diameter 20mm, 8 pieces
INOX hose clamp diameter 10mm, 8 pieces
Isolators egg, small 14 pieces
PVC rop length 20m for fix antennas wire
PVC rop 3x15m for anchor
This antenna has to be anchored on two-thirds of its height into three sides, especially because of the
added resonant wires for upper bands that are additional mechanical burden to the already large
construction of 80M band antenna.
Antenna weighs approximately 10 kg and is composed of three parts, out of which the longest is 2.5m
long, so it can be used in the portable work and similar. Details of antenna construction are shown on
pictures.
Conclusion
Advantages of V8 - 9A4ZZ multiband antenna comparing to commercial antennas of similar height and
purpose are:
much larger efficiency on 80M band, because the basic antenna for 80M is not a result of
putting traps for upper bands, but is specially constructed with large efficiency
twice wider bandwidth
on upper bands length of antenna is 0.25wl or longer, which makes it more efficient since
there are no traps that would make it electrically longer, but mechanically shorter, with losses
in traps and in that way eventually create problems in work
antenna is automatically adjusted for all HF bands
antenna has the simple mechanical construction, is easy for assembling, lifting and bringing
down of V8 - 9A4ZZ antenna can be done by only one person.
antene
Pie: Mladen Petrovi, 9A4ZZ
Vertikalna KV multiband-antena
V8 9A4ZZ
Vertical HF Multiband-antenna V8 - 9A4ZZ
Uvod
Princip rada
www.hamradio.hr
Temelj moje vertikalne KV multibandantene V8 9A4ZZ je uinkovita konstrukcija antene za 80-metarsko podruje,
visine 6,5 m, a antene za ostala via
podruja dodani su toj konstrukciji (sl. 1.).
Za razliku od komercijalnih multibandantena takvog tipa, moja antena nema
trapove, nego rezonantne vodie za
svako podruje, reda vrijednosti 0,25 .
Antena je tipa ground plane, ima veliki
antenski protuuteg, to je ini uinkovitom. Napajanje je u jednoj toki, paralelno, koaksijalnim kabelom 50 , za sva
podruja i automatski je prilagoena bez
dodatnih elemenata za prilagoavanje.
Antena V8 9A4ZZ kombinacija je
antene za 80-metarsko podruje visine
0,08 i antene za via podruja visine
do 0,25 , spojenih kao rezonantni
odsjeci. Antena za 80-metarsko podruje
27
antene
antene
Konstrukcija antene
Visina
6,5 m
50
VSWR
Doputena snaga
1 000 W
na 80-metarskom podruju
Dobitak
0 dBd
Dijagram zraenja
kruan
Polarizacija
vertikalna
www.hamradio.hr
29
antene
Zakljuak
Antenski dio
Gornje plastino ue*
Vertikalni vodi
Horizontalni vodi
Donje plastino ue*
40-metarsko
30-metarsko
20-metarsko
17-metarsko
15-metarsko
12-metarsko
10-metarsko
10 cm
10 cm
138 cm
198 cm
313 cm
320 cm
407 cm
617 cm
610 cm
425 cm
320 cm
309 cm
223 cm
215 cm
95 cm
97 cm
63 cm
75 cm
65 cm
260 cm
10 cm
55 cm
81 cm
78 cm
43 cm
344 cm
* Uraunat i izolator
30
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antene
Popis materijala
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31