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Length of A Curve and Surface Area

This document discusses methods for calculating the length of plane curves and the surface area of solids generated by revolving plane curves about an axis. It defines plane curves using parametric equations and describes how to approximate a curve's length by summing segment lengths. The document also introduces the concept of using integrals to find the exact arc length of a curve and explains how to calculate the surface area of a solid formed by revolving a plane curve around an axis. Several examples are provided to illustrate these concepts.

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93 views

Length of A Curve and Surface Area

This document discusses methods for calculating the length of plane curves and the surface area of solids generated by revolving plane curves about an axis. It defines plane curves using parametric equations and describes how to approximate a curve's length by summing segment lengths. The document also introduces the concept of using integrals to find the exact arc length of a curve and explains how to calculate the surface area of a solid formed by revolving a plane curve around an axis. Several examples are provided to illustrate these concepts.

Uploaded by

raw.junk
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
Available Formats
Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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31B Length Curve

Length of a Curve and


Surface Area

31B Length Curve

Length of a Plane Curve


A plane curve is a curve that lies in a two-dimensional plane. We can define a plane
curve using parametric equations. This means we define both x and y as functions of
a parameter.

Parametric equations

Definition
A plane curve is smooth if it is given by a pair of parametric equations
x =f(t), and y =g(t), t is on the interval [a,b] where f' and g' exist and are
continuous on [a,b] and f'(t) and g'(t) are not simultaneously zero on (a,b).

31B Length Curve

EX 1

Sketch the graph of the curve given by these parametric equations.


x =3t2+2 y = 2t2-1 1 t 4

31B Length Curve

Arc length
We can approximate the length of a plane curve by adding up lengths of linear segments
between points on the curve.

31B Length Curve

EX 2

Find the circumference of the circle x2 + y2 = r2 .

31B Length Curve

EX 3

Find the length of the line segment on 2y - 2x + 3 = 0 between y = 1 and y = 3.


Check your answer using the distance formula.

31B Length Curve


EX 4

Find the arc length of the curve f(x) = x from x = 0 to x = 4.

31B Length Curve

Surface Area
Differential of Arc Length
Let f(x) be continuously differentiable on [a,b]. Start measuring arc length
from (a,f(a)) up to (x,f(x)), where a is a real number. Then, the arc length is
a function of x.

31B Length Curve


Surface Area of a Surface of Revolution
Rotate a plane curve about an axis to create a hollow three-dimensional solid.
Find the surface area of the solid.

Frustrum of a cone

31B Length Curve

EX 4

Find the area of the surface generated by revolving y = 25-x2 on the interval [-2,3]
about the x-axis.

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31B Length Curve

EX 5

Find the area of the surface generated by revolving x = 1-t2, y = 2t,


on the t-interval [0,1] about the x-axis.

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31B Length Curve

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