BIO 11 LABORATORY FIRST EXAM REVIEWER
I. MICROSCOPY
1. How does the viewed object move in relation to the movement of the slide?
2. What happens to the image as the diaphragm and the condenser are
adjusted?
3. Do objects at the center of the field move when shifting from LPO to HPO?
Why?
4. A high Numerical Aperture will require _______ amount of light.
5. Does the image remain in focus when shifting objectives?
6. The ________ enables one to study objects too small to be seen by the naked
eye.
7. __________ - joins the arm of the microscope and a u shaped base.
8. ___________- reflects incident light to the condenser and collects light to the
aperture.
9. ___________- adjusts the depth of field.
10.
___________ - used to move the body up or down ; also used for focusing
the image in LPO
11.
___________ - collects light and sends it to the stage
12.
___________ - adjust the amount of light passing through the condenser
13.
____________ - holds the draw tube, body tube and stage; for handling
purposes
14.
__________ is the diameter of the field of an optical sight
15.
The higher the magnification, the ________ field of view.
16.
The bigger the field of view, the __________ the magnification.
17.
The __________ is the ability of the microscope to focus on a particular field
18.
The ___________ magnification is the total magnification of the ocular and
the objectives.
19.
The format for writing linear magnification.
20.
The ___________ magnification is computed as : Drawing Size / Actual size.
21.
The format for writing actual magnification.
22.
The ____________ microscope consists of a single lens which provides a
large and clear field and gives a magnification of 6 x to 20 x.
23.
The dissecting microscope gives an ________ image and not an inverted
one as in the compound microscope.
24.
Formula for calibration constant.
25.
1 stage unit is equal to _____ um.
26.
1 mm is equal to _______ um.
27.
Unit for calibration constant.
28.
The other term for stereoscope.
29.
When switching to a different objective, should one recalibrate?
30.
The Higher the NA, the _________ the resolving power.
31.
Does the dissecting microscope have higher resolution than the compound
light microscope?
32.
_____________ means the number of times an object is enlarged by a lens
system or enlarged or reduced in the drawing or illustration.
II. THE PLANT CELL
1. These are the narrow canals or depressions along the walls of the Allium cepa
cells. They are channels which facilitate cellular transport and
communication.
2. IKI stands for?
3. ___________ are used to distinguish specimens because they react with
organelles
4. The ___________- is composed of the plasma membrane and the interior
components of the cell
5. True or False. One cell wall can only have one nuclei.
6. Cellular transport outside the cell
7. Cellular transport through the plasmodesmata
8. Cyclosis or ____________ is the circular movement of protoplasmic component
of cells. It happens to efficiently gather light upon photosynthetic activity.
9. Complete the table.
Pigment/
Specimen
Adaxial side
of Rhoeo
Abaxial side
of Rhoeo
Hydrilla Cell
Color
Pigment
Location
Function
Green
chlorophyll
chloroplast
Absorbs light
to drive
photosynthesi
s
Violet
9.)
10.)
photoprotectio
n
Green
Chlorophyll
Chloroplast
Absorbs light
to drive
photosynthesi
s
Ripe
Lycopersico
n Fruit
11.)
12.)
13.)
Attract seed
dispersal
agents
14.
____________ deters herbivores, hyper accumulation of calcium to prevent
related metal toxicity. Found in Dieffenbachia, A. cepa, Rhoeo begonia, etc.
15.
___________- needle-like structures, groups
16.
___________- thicker blunt ends, individual
17.
___________- rosette-shape
18.
___________- cuboidal / rectangular
19.
The __________ is made up of calcium carbonate crystals. Hyper
accumulation of calcium to prevent related metal toxicity.
20.
_________ cell has a secondary cell wall.
21.
The cystolith is more apparent with ___________.
22.
The __________- cements adjacent cells together via calcium and
magnesium particles.
23.
Other term for stone cell.
24.
The ___________- cell is dead in maturity, has a secondary wall and highly
impregnated with lignin.
25.
The _____________- is the empty space in the middle
26.
_______- makes up secondary wall
27.
18% APSS stands for? (used in staining coconut shell cells)
III. THE PLASMA MEMBRANE
1.
2.
3.
4.
5.
6.
7.
Plant Isotonic:___________
Plant Hypertonic : ___________
Plant Hypotonic : _____________
Animal Isotonic : ___________
Animal Hypertonic : ___________
Animal Hypotonic: ____________
Enough heat may disrupt the _________ layers such as the plasma membrane,
thus easing exit of pigments.
8. _______________- is the shrinking of the cytoplasm away from the wall of a
living cell due to outward osmotic flow of water.
9. The higher the sucrose concentration, the ______________ the plasmolysis
rate.
10.
In the presence of sucrose, the stomata _________.
11.
What happens to the oil globules?
12.
True or False. The plasma membrane has the capability to regenerate 2
layers.
13.
How does the amoeba remain intact in an aquatic medium?
14.
The oil represents the ____________
15.
The Albumen represents the ____________
16.
The nigrosin represents the ____________.
17.
Why is equilibrium never attained in a living cell?
18.
__________- bursting of red blood cells, thus exposing hemoglobin (dH 2O)
19.
__________ - shrinking of red blood cells due to hypertonic solution. (10 %
NaCl)
20.
__________ - red blood cell in isotonic solution _________ % NaCl
IV. RESPIRATION AND PHOTOSYNTHESIS
1. Formula for Aerobic Respiration
2. Formula for Anaerobic Respiration
3. ________ - energy storage form of plants
4. Starch indicated by IKI stain as ___________ stain.
5. What is the purpose of boiling the leaf?
6. Do the nongreen areas of the leaf contain starch?
7. True or False. Plants cannot carry photosynthesis under artificial light.
8. ___________- orange
9. ___________ - yellow
10.
___________- blue-green or yellow green
11.
___________- olive green
12.
The most nonpolar pigment
13.
The most polar pigment
14.
The solvent in the experiment is __________.
15.
True or False. A formation of precipitate on top of Ba(OH) 2 indicates
presence of CO2
16.
Does Alkaline Pyrogallol hasten root growth?
17.
List the pigments from polar to non polar (based on the experiment)
18.
True or False. Phenol red turns yellow in presence of CO 2
19.
CO 2 and Phenol Red forms _________ which turns it yellow.
20.
Why did the solution turn pink when hydrilla is placed in the yellow
solution?
ANSWER KEY
I. MICROSCOPY
1. Opposite to what is observed within the field of vision
2. The center does not change upon shifting objectives.
3. The area of observation is indirectly related to magnifying power. The Higher
the magnification, the smaller the area.
4. large
5. No
6. Micrroscope
7. Pillar
8. Mirror
9. Fine adjustment knob
10. Coarse Adjustment Knob
11. condenser
12. iris diaphragm
13. Arm
14. Field of vision
15. smaller
16. smaller
17. Depth of Field/ Focus
18. Linear
19. [_________ x]
20. Actual Magnification
21. [x__________]
22. dissecting
23. erect
24. SMD / EMD
25. 100
26. 1000
27. um / EMD
28. Dissecting Microscope
29. Yes
30. Higher
31. No
32. Magnification
II. THE PLANT CELL
1. Plasmodesmata
2. Iodo-potassium Iodide Stain
3. Stains
4. Protoplast
5. False. It may have one or more nuclei.
6. Aquaplastic
7. Symplastic
8. Cytoplasmic Streaming
9. Anthocyanins
10. Vacuole
11. Orange
12. Carotenoid
13. Chromoplast
14. Calcium oxalate
15. Raphide
16.
17.
18.
19.
20.
21.
22.
23.
24.
25.
26.
27.
Styloid
Druse
Prismatic
Cystolith
Stone
Glycerin
middle lamella
Sclereid
sclerenchyma cells
lumen
lignin
18 % alcoholic phloroglucinol-sulfuric acid solution
III. THE PLASMA MEMBRANE
1. Flaccid
2. Plasmolyzed
3. Turgid
4. Normal
5. Shrivelled
6. Lysed/ Lysis
7. lipid
8. Plasmolysis
9. higher
10. closes
11. Hydrophobic region of the plasma membrane remains intact under polar
solvents.
12. True
13. Because of its hydrophobic plasma membrane
14. Plasma membrane
15. Protein channel
16. Lipid insoluble protein
17. The plasma membrane is semi-permeable. It is capable of excluding/
digesting solutes even if its against the concentration gradient. And multiple
processes occur resulting to accumulation of solutes
18. Hemolysis
19. Crenation
20. Normal, 0.9 %
IV. RESPIRATION AND PHOTOSYNTHESIS
1. see nb
2. see nb
3. starch
4. purplish-black
5. To burst the chloroplast and to expose the chlorophyll to its medium
6. Yes. They contain a few amount of starch
7. False. They can perform photosynthesis in both artificial and natural sunlight.
8. Carotene
9. Xanthophyll
10. Chlorophyll a
11. chlorophyll b
12. carotene
13. chlorophyll b
14. non polar
15. True
16.
17.
18.
19.
20.
No. It starved the seeds of Oxygen thus there is no root growth
chlorophyll b < chlorophyll a < Xanthophyll < Carotene
True.
carbonic acid
because CO2 is consumed which brings it back to its basic condition.
