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Survey Lab 5 Form

This document is a laboratory report for a surveying practical training on applying a digital theodolite to establish a control traverse. It includes an introduction on the equipment used, the objectives, procedures, results and calculations from the experiment. A control traverse was conducted with 4 stations over a total distance of 28.8 meters. The angles and lengths were measured and adjusted. The final coordinates were calculated and the closed area of the traverse was determined to be 46.339 square meters. Sources of error and how to reduce them are discussed. The student demonstrated understanding of using a digital theodolite to measure horizontal and vertical angles for surveying applications.

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FikrilAzimAbdulSani
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491 views

Survey Lab 5 Form

This document is a laboratory report for a surveying practical training on applying a digital theodolite to establish a control traverse. It includes an introduction on the equipment used, the objectives, procedures, results and calculations from the experiment. A control traverse was conducted with 4 stations over a total distance of 28.8 meters. The angles and lengths were measured and adjusted. The final coordinates were calculated and the closed area of the traverse was determined to be 46.339 square meters. Sources of error and how to reduce them are discussed. The student demonstrated understanding of using a digital theodolite to measure horizontal and vertical angles for surveying applications.

Uploaded by

FikrilAzimAbdulSani
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
Available Formats
Download as DOCX, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
You are on page 1/ 16

CEVB 211 SURVEYING PRACTICAL TRAINING

LABORATORY EXPERIMENT NO. 5


THE APPLICATION OF DIGITAL THEODOLITE CONTROL TRAVERSE

SECTION: 03

NAME
MUHAMMAD FIKRIL AZIM BIN ABDUL SANI

ID
CE094946

DATE OF LABORATORY SESSION

: 10 DECEMBER 2015

DATE OF REPORT SUBMISSION

: 17 DECEMBER 2015

LAB INSTRUCTOR

: DR. AL MAHFOODH ALI NAJAH AHMED

TABLE OF CONTENT
CONTENT

PAGE

Table of Content

Summary/Abstract

Introduction & Objective

3-4

Materials or Equipments

4-5

Procedure

5-7

Results & Calculations

Discussion

Conclusion

References

PROBLEM STATEMENT
As a civil engineer, I am required to apply the knowledge of traversing for a new project site.

ABSTRACT/SUMMARY
The contour is the relative position of points in a plan that is represented by a map.
Contouring is defined as a contour line joining points of equal heights or altitude. The vertical distance between
successive contours is known as the vertical interval.
Contour lines are continuous lines and cannot meet or cross any other contour line, nor can any one line split
or join any other line, except in the case of a cliff.
The height between the successive contours is called the vertical interval or contour interval and is always
constant over a map or plan.

INTRODUCTION

Theodolite

Target

It is an instrument for measuring directions, can be optical where glass circles are used to measure direction and
usually these days they are digital.
A theodolite is an instrument which is capable of measuring angles to the nearest whole second. This can be done
for both vertical and horizontal angles. Vertical angles are required for the calculation of the elevation of points for
example, the reduction of slope distance to the horizontal. It also eliminates the manual reading of scales on
graduated circles.

OBJECTIVE
5

To apply the knowledge of using digital theodolite, establish control traverse and adjust the observation of
data.

Apparatus
1.
2.
3.
4.

Digital Theodolite (1 unit) + A1 size batteries (6 units)


Traversing Target (2 unit)
Tripod (3 units)
Hammer, nails and spray

Stati
on

Angle

Adjusted
Angle

Lengt
h

932530

654655

932441.
25
65466.2
5

6.5

131352
5
691525

360031
5

1313436
.2
691436.
25
3600000

6.9

C
D
Sum

7.3

8.1
28.8

Whole
E
Circle
Bearing
2640000 6.464
149466.2 3.676
5

1012042.
4
3503518.
6

Correction
E
N

Adjusted
E
N

Coordinates
East
No

-0.680

-0.599

+0.080

-7.063

-0.600

100.000

100

-6.307

-0.672

+0.089

+3.004

-6.218

92.937

99.

6.765

-1.357

-0.635

+0.085

+6.130

-1.272

95.941

93.

1.325
+2.65
2

7.991

-0.746

+0.099

-2.071

+8.090

102.071

91.

-0.353

-2.652

+0.353

Results

Sample Calculation

Total angle in polygon


= (n-2) x 180
= (4-2) x 180
= 360

Error of sum of angles:


= 3600315 - 3600000
= 00315

Angles correction:
= 00315 / 4
= 0048.75

Adjusted Angle A
= 932530 - 0048.75
= 932441.25

10

Whole Circle Bearing for station B


= (2640000 + 65466.25) - 1800000
= 149466.25

E for station A
= L sin (WCB)
= 6.5 sin 2640000
= -6.464

N for station A
= L cos (WCB)
= 6.5 cos 2640000
= -0.679

Correction for E for station A


= - [Total E x (Length/Total length)]
= - (+2.652) x (6.5/28.8)
= -0.599

11

Correction for N for station A


= - [Total N x (Length/Total length)]
= - (-0.353) x (6.5/28.8)
= +0.080

Adjusted E for station A


= Original E + Correction
= -6.464 + -0.599
= -7.063

Adjusted N for station A


= Original N + Correction
= -0.680 + 0.080
= -0.600

East Coordinates for station B


= 100.000 + Adjusted E
= 100.000 + (-7.063)
= 92.937
12

North Coordinates for station B


= 100.000 + Adjusted N
= 100.000 + (-0.600)
= 99.400

Area of closed traverse

1 x1
2 y1

x2
y2

x3
y3

x4
y4

x5
y5

1 100.000 92.937 95.941 102.071 100.000


2 100.000 99.400 93.182 91.910 100.000

= 37625.093 37532.415 = 92.678

1
2

x (92.678)

13

= 46.339 m2

Table 2: Traverse Form

Sample calculation:
1. Horizontal angle B and C
3600000 - 3130035 = 465925
Mean = (465925 + 465925)/2 = 465925
14

2. Point B Vertical Distance


Face Right = 3600000 - 2691000 = 905000
Mean = (904955 + 905000)/2 = 904957.5

Discussion
The main objective is from this experiment is understand more about the setting up and calculation of the
Theodolite. From the data obtained, the difference for horizontal angle is 000000 and vertical angle is
000405. We need to transit from the face left to face right for about two or more times for more accurate
reading. By transiting, the mean value is used as the actual angle.

15

Errors for this experiment includes the prism are not pointed towards the theodolite and even exhausted batteries.
To eliminate the error, we just take new batteries and for the prisms problems, the prisms is set up and adjusted
carefully. So, to reduce the error, tripods leg is anchored firmly. The bubble level also needed to be checked before
and after each reading. EDM errors could be exist when carry out the reading of the theodolite and the targets.

Conclusion
I am able to know how to measure the horizontal and vertical angles of theodolite and gain knowledge of
how to handle the equipment during the field work .Theodolite must be centred on the point using plum bob. The
mean horizontal between point B and C is both 465925 while the mean vertical angle of B is 904957.5 and C
is 90152.5. We also know how to adjust the reading system of the theodolite angle at the right plane. Centring
and levelling the instrument was to ensure the horizontal angle that was measured. I also know what types of
theodolite are classified which are Vernier theodolite, Optical theodolite, Electronic theodolite. We also know now
about that a modern theodolite consists of a movable telescope mounted within two perpendicular axes-horizontal
axis and vertical axis.

References

http://www.slideshare.net/x3HwaN/site-surveying-report-ii

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