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Solving Systems of Equations

This document provides a study guide on solving systems of equations. It defines a system of equations as two or more equations with the same variables. Systems can be solved graphically by drawing the lines on a coordinate plane, where their intersection is the solution if the lines intersect. Systems are classified as consistent and independent (one solution), consistent and dependent (infinitely many solutions), or inconsistent (no solution) based on the graphs. The document also explains how to solve systems algebraically using substitution or elimination. Examples of both methods are shown.

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515 views

Solving Systems of Equations

This document provides a study guide on solving systems of equations. It defines a system of equations as two or more equations with the same variables. Systems can be solved graphically by drawing the lines on a coordinate plane, where their intersection is the solution if the lines intersect. Systems are classified as consistent and independent (one solution), consistent and dependent (infinitely many solutions), or inconsistent (no solution) based on the graphs. The document also explains how to solve systems algebraically using substitution or elimination. Examples of both methods are shown.

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NAME _____________________________________________ DATE ____________________________ PERIOD _____________

3-1 Study Guide and Intervention


Solving Systems of Equations
Solve Systems Graphically A system of equations is two or more equations with the same variables. You can solve a
system of linear equations by using a table or by graphing the equations on the same coordinate plane. If the lines
intersect, the solution is that intersection point. The following chart summarizes the possibilities for graphs of two linear
equations in two variables.
Graphs of Equations

Slopes of Lines

Classification of System

Number of Solutions

Lines intersect

Different slopes

Consistent and independent

One

Lines coincide (same line)

Same slope, same y-intercept

Consistent and dependent

Infinitely many

Lines are parallel

Same slope, different y-intercepts

Inconsistent

None

Example: Graph the system of equations and describe it as


consistent and independent, consistent and dependent, or inconsistent.

x 3y = 6
2x y = 3

Write each equation in slope-intercept form.


x3y=6

y= x2

2 x y = 3

y = 2x + 3

The graphs intersect at (3, 3). Since there is one


solution, the system is consistent and independent.

Exercises
Graph each system of equations and describe it as consistent and independent, consistent and dependent, or
inconsistent.
1. 3x + y = 2
6x + 2y = 10

2. x + 2y = 5
3x 15 = 6y

3. 2x 3y = 0
4x 6y = 3

4. 2x y = 3
x+ 2y = 4

5. 4x + y = 2
2x + = 1

6. 3x y = 2
x+y=6

Chapter 3

Glencoe Algebra 2

NAME _____________________________________________ DATE ____________________________ PERIOD _____________

3-1 Study Guide and Intervention


Solving Systems of Equations
Solve Systems Algebraically To solve a system of linear equations by substitution, first solve for one variable in
terms of the other in one of the equations. Then substitute this expression into the other equation and simplify. To solve a
system of linear equations by elimination, add or subtract the equations to eliminate one of the variables.

Example 1: Use substitution to solve the system of equations.


Solve the first equation for y in terms of x.
2x y = 9
y = 2x + 9

Now, substitute the value 3 for x in either original


equation and solve for y.

First equation

2x y = 9
2(3) y = 9

Subtract 2x from both sides.

y = 2x 9

Multiply both sides by 1.

6y=9

Substitute the expression 2x 9 for y into the second


equation and solve for x.
x + 3y = 6
x + 3(2x 9) = 6
x + 6x 27 = 6
7x 27 = 6
7x = 21
x=3

2x y = 9
x + 3y = 6

y = 3
y = 3

Second equation

First equation
Replace x with 3.
Simplify.
Subtract 6 from each side.
Multiply each side by 1.

The solution of the system is (3, 3).

Substitute 2x 9 for y.
Distributive Property
Simplify.
Add 27 to each side.
Divide each side by 7.

Example 2: Use the elimination method to solve the system of equations.


3x 2y = 4
5x + 3y = 25
Multiply the first equation by 3 and the second equation
by 2. Then add the equations to eliminate the y variable.
3x 2y = 4
5x + 3y = 25

Multiply by 3.
Multiply by 2.

Replace x with 2 and solve for y.


3x 2y = 4
3(2) 2y = 4
6 2y = 4

9x 6y = 12
10x + 6y = 50
19x
x

= 38

2y = 10

= 2

y = 5
The solution is (2, 5)

Exercises
Solve each system of equations.
1. 3x + y = 7
2. 2x + y = 5
4x + 2y = 16
3x 3y = 3

3. 2x + 3y = 3
x + 2y = 2

4. 2x y = 7
6x 3y = 14

5. 4x y = 6
2x = 4

6. 5x + 2y = 12
6x 2y = 14

7. 2x + y = 8
3x +
= 12

8. 7x + 2y = 1
4x 3y = 13

9. 3x + 8y = 6
xy=9

Chapter 3

Glencoe Algebra 2

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