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Homework 6

The document provides test results for a 1000-VA 230/115-V transformer to determine its equivalent circuit. It then asks to: 1) Find the equivalent circuit referred to the low-voltage side. 2) Calculate the voltage regulation at rated load for several power factors. 3) Determine the transformer efficiency at rated load and 0.8 PF lagging. The solution provides: 1) The equivalent circuit components referred to the low-voltage side. 2) The voltage regulation calculations for each power factor, ranging from 3.3% to -1.5%. 3) The transformer efficiency is calculated to be 94.9% under the given conditions.

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Muhammad Firdaws
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267 views

Homework 6

The document provides test results for a 1000-VA 230/115-V transformer to determine its equivalent circuit. It then asks to: 1) Find the equivalent circuit referred to the low-voltage side. 2) Calculate the voltage regulation at rated load for several power factors. 3) Determine the transformer efficiency at rated load and 0.8 PF lagging. The solution provides: 1) The equivalent circuit components referred to the low-voltage side. 2) The voltage regulation calculations for each power factor, ranging from 3.3% to -1.5%. 3) The transformer efficiency is calculated to be 94.9% under the given conditions.

Uploaded by

Muhammad Firdaws
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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2-3. A 1000-VA 230/115-V transformer has been tested to determine its equivalent circuit.

The results of the tests are


shown below.
Open-circuit test
Short-circuit test
VOC = 230 V
VSC = 19.1 V
IOC = 0.45 A
ISC = 8.7 A
POC = 30 W
PSC = 42.3 W
All data given were taken from the primary side of the transformer.
(a) Find the equivalent circuit of this transformer referred to the low-voltage side of the transformer.
(b) Find the transformers voltage regulation at rated conditions and (1) 0.8 PF lagging, (2) 1.0 PF, (3) 0.8 PF leading.
(c) Determine the transformers efficiency at rated conditions and 0.8 PF lagging.
SOLUTION
(a) OPEN CIRCUIT TEST:
0.45
= 0.001957 S
230
30
= cos 1
= 73.15o
(230)(0.45)

YEX = GC jBM =

= cos 1

POC
VOC I OC

YEX = GC jBM = 0.001975 73.15o = 0.000567 j 0.001873


RC = 1/ GC = 1763
X M = 1/ BM = j 543

SHORT CIRCUIT TEST:


19.1
= 2.2
8.7
42.3
= cos 1
= 75.3o
(19.1)(8.7)

Z EQ = REQ jX EQ =

= cos 1

PSC
VSC I SC

Z EQ = REQ + jX EQ = 2.2075.3o = 0.558 + j 2.128


REQ = 0.558
X EQ = j 2.128

To convert the equivalent circuit to the secondary side, divide each impedance by the square of the turns ratio (a =
230/115 = 2). The resulting equivalent circuit is shown below:
REQ,s = 0.532

X EQ,s = j441

RC,s = 134

XM,s = 134

(b) To find the required voltage regulation, we will use the equivalent circuit of the transformer referred to the
secondary side. The rated secondary current is
I S = 1000 /115 = 8.70 A
We will now calculate the primary voltage referred to the secondary side and use the voltage regulation equation
for each power factor.
(1) 0.8 PF Lagging:
VP ' = VS + Z EQ I S = 1150o + (0.140 + j 0.532)(8.7 36.87 o )
VP ' = 118.81.4o

VR =

118.8 115
100% = 3.3%
115

(2) 1.0 PF:


VP ' = VS + Z EQ I S = 1150o + (0.140 + j 0.532)(8.70o )
VP ' = 116.32.28o
VR =

116.3 115
100% = 1.1%
115

(3) 0.8 PF Leading:


VP ' = VS + Z EQ I S = 1150o + (0.140 + j 0.532)(8.736.87 o )
VP ' = 113.32.24o
VR =

113.3 115
100% = 1.5%
115

(c) At rated conditions and 0.8 PF lagging, the output power of this transformer is
POUT = VS I S cos = (115)(8.7)(0.8) = 800 W
The copper and core losses of this transformer are
PCU = I S 2 REQ , S = (8.7) 2 (0.140) = 10.6 W
Pcore =

(V p ') 2
RC

(118.8) 2
= 32.0W
441

Therefore the efficiency of this transformer at these conditions is


POUT
800
=
100% =
100% = 94.9%
800 + 10.6 + 32.0
POUT + PCU + Pcore

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