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Title
EravurVaralaru (Eravur History)
First Edition
September 2005
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Pubrished by
Eravur Historical Research Centre, Eravur.
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ISBN No
955-1261-00- 3
Printed by
Com Print System
HL 1/2, Dias Place, Colombo 12. Tel: 2348415
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Cover Design
A. Az.eez Nizaruddeen
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Cover Photo
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Price
Rs. 475.00
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