4" B TECH 1ST SEM 157 MID (R10) INSTRU 1, The following instrument indicates the instantaneous value of the measurand and at the time at which it it is being measured: :->indicating instrument ‘The resolution of a digital meter with 4 digit display is : :->1/10000 ja whieh of the following types of A to D converts the conversion time is practically independent ofthe amplitude of the analog signal: ->suecessive approximation type ve ‘A digital voltmeter has 4 % digit display. the 1 volt range ean read upto: ‘A digital voltmeter has a reading range of 0 to 9999 counts.fiad the resolution ofthe volimeter in 1.9999 volt when the full reading is 9.999v : 2>1mV . The input impedance of digital instruments are: :->10X10 ¢ 6 ohm 6. 7. Which 8. Which ‘of the following are integrating instruments?: :>watt hour meter instrament measures the total quantity of electricity delivered in a particular time: »~ >integrating 9, The 10, The % wis the integrating principle of digital measurent: :->Voltage to frequency of full scale reading is specified as ----------of DVM :->accuracy 11. The maximfm reading on a 3-1/2 digit DVM will be: :->1999 12. The resolution of a 3 digit 0 to 1 v DVM is: -> 95M? 13. The resolution of a DVM with 4 digit display is : :> 0.0001 14. Ina digital voltmeter, the oscillator frequency is 500hz,the ramp voltage falls from Sv to 0 in 15ms,if the oscillator frequency falls to 480khz,a measurement of exactly Sv de would give a display of :>4,800 15. ina digital voltmeter, the oscillator frequency is 500hz,the ramp voltage falls from Sv to 0 in 1'5ms.the oumber of pulses counted by the counter is 16. The maximum reading of a three and half digit instrument i 17. .The resolution of a di 18, ina dual slope integrating type di >7500 fl ammeter with 3 digital display is: gital voltmeter the first integration is carried out for 10 periods ofthe supply frequency of 50 hz.if the reference voltage used is 2v,the total conversion time for an input 1 volt 01 19, Integrating digital voltmeter measures :->average value 20. An integrating digital voltmeter measures :->average value 21. Atthree digit 0 to 1 v digital voltmeter wiil have a resolution of 0.001 vol 22. A digital voltmeter is 23. Which sensitive than analog voltmeter :->More ‘of the following is/are not components in a dual slope integrating type voltmeter? :- > Differentiator 24. . What is a reading of 0.5245 on Iv range in four and a half digit voltmeter displayed as?:-> 35, A digital voltmeter has a read out range from 0 to 9999,when full scale reading is 9.999v she resolution of the full scale reading is : . > ImV 26, A signal of 1l0mY at 75 MELz is to be measured .which of the following instrument can be used?.i- >Cathode ray oscilloscope 27. An ADC normally used in a 31/2 digit multimeter is of ->Dual slope integration 28. . a three and half digit 0 to 1y digital voltmeter has a resolution of :->0,001v 29. | digital instruments have input impedance of the order of :->10M ohm 30. ‘The instrument that displays voltage or energy ofa signal as a function of frequency is known asi:->Spectrum 31, What is the range for a 3-1/2 digit digital yolimeter? :->0 to 1999. 32. To eliminate 50hz pick up in a dual slope DVM, the minimum period of integration of the input signal is 1s. 33, A DVM has: :> A resolution of L-partin 10 6 34, Which ‘one of the following digital voltmeter is most suitable to eliminate the effect of Period100. 101. 102. 103. The V-I characteristics of a thermistor exhi . The carrier material employed with strain gauges at room temperature i A synero is used to : :-> Convert an angular position of a shaft into an electrical signal ‘The dynamic characteristics of capacitive transducers are similar to those of: :->high pass filter . Capacitive transducers have the advantages of ; -->Very high input impedance, excellent frequency response, high sensitivity, and not being affected by stray magnitude fields The resistance of thermistor is 300ohm and its resistance temperature coefficient is 0.04/oC.A measurement with a lead resistance of 10ohm will cause an error of: :->0.05 pC Which one of the following is the most sensitivity device: :->Thermistor a negative resistance region. this statement is: = >rue for NTC thermistor . Rosette gauges are employed for measuring: :->strain in more than one direction |. A rosette gauge is used to determine: :-> Principal stress or strain direction and magnitude . . for surface temperature measurement one can Ui : +> thermocouple For a thermocouple pair(4,B) the extension wires: :->Should be identical pair elements A fixed resistor of suitable value is usually connected across a termistor to: :->improve linearity The principle of operation of LVDT is based on variation of : ->mutual inductance LVDT can be used for : :->force measurement in a beam Bonded strain gatiges are: :-> Used for stress analysis and for construction of transducers In-wire wound strain gauges, the change in resistance under strained condition is mainly on account of ; Change in length and diameter of wire A strain gauge with a resistance of 250 ohms undergoes a change of 0.150ohm during a test. the strain is 1.5 X 10 E -4.then the gauge factor is : ->4.0 The sensitivity factor of strain gauge is normally of the order of : :->1.5 to 2.0 . Which one of the following gives gauge factor of a strain gauge? -->(OR/RY(OL/L) ‘The wire material of strain gauges should have: :->High resistivity and low thermo-emf . Which of the following is not an advantage of semiconductor gauges as coropared to conventional strain gauges: > less sensitive to temperature changes A resistance strain gauge is fastened to a beam subjected to a strain of 1 X 10E6~yyieiding a resistance change of 240pohm if the original resistance of the strain gauge is 120ohm;the gauge” factor would be: :->2 >Impregnated paper ‘The strain gauges should have low: :-> resistance temperature coefficient Which one of the following is an active transducer? ::->Piezoelectric pressure transducer Which one of the following is a passive transducer? ‘LYDT ‘A transducers that converts measured into the form of pulse is called the- di 1 The transducers that converts the input signal into the output signal,which is a continuous function of time,is known as transducers ->analog Self generating type transducers are transducers: ;->active transducers: . Pair of active transducers is: :-> Thermocouple, Solar cell Which of the following transducers is classified as an active transducer? transducer ‘The lower limit of useful working range of a transducer is determined by : :->transducer error and noise Piezoelectric .. A Strain gauge is passive transducer and is employed for converting: :->Mechanical displacement into.a change of resistance High value pot resistance leads to: ->High sensitivity The demodulation is carried domain: :>analog The modulation is carried out in-----—--domain: :-> analog The carrier signal is ----~-signal :->Modulated ‘The band width of ideal systems is: :->infinite Band width is the range of ------signal: -> frequencies 38, 39, 40. 4 42, 4B 44. 4s. 46. a. 48, 49, 60. 61 62. 6. 64, 65. 66. nojse?, .-»successive approximation type DYM Ina DVM,the oscillator frequency is 400khz,the ramp voltage falls from 8v to Ov in 2ms.the number of pulses counted by the counter is: ->4000 A digital voltmeter uses a 10mhz clock and has a voltage controlled generator which provides a swidth {Ous/v of unit signal. 10v of input signal would correspond to a pulse count of :.:->1000 For a dual slope ADC type 3-1/2 digit DVM, the reference voltage is 100mv and the first integration time is set to 300ms.for some input voltage, the deintegration period is 370,2ms .~ >12B4 ‘A digital voltmeter has 41/2 digit display.the'1 volt range can read up to :->1.999 Ina DVM, the over ranging implies that: :->% digit is switched on Integrating principle in the digital measurement is the converstion of: :->voltage to frequency. The circuit generally used in digital instruments to convert sine waves into rectangular pulses is a: >Schmitt trigger The foliowing statements are related to a DVM.which them is true: :-~Common mode rejection is the same for ac and de voltages Accuraey of DVM is specified as: A DVM measures: :->average value a seven bit successive approximation DVM will convert the analog input into digital output in a period of: { b ] > 8 clock pulses Which one of the following is true of digital instruments?: :>can present the reading in overall context of range Which one of the following decides the precision of integrating digital voltmeter?::->Reference voitage of analog comparator An integrating DVM measures: :->True average of the input voltage The conversion of a voltage value to a time interval is crried out by comparing the unknown voltage with @ voltage ramp in a : > Ramp type DVM Piezoelectric crystal is generally employed for the measurement of which one-of the following::~ >acceleration - The piezoelecizic crystal voltage sensitivity is defined as: ->Field developed per unit strees Piezoclectric materials owe their property to the: :> lack of a centre of symmetry Piezoelectric crystals produce an emf: :->When external mechanical force is applied to it, Which one of the following materials is not used as piezoelectric transducer?: -->tungsten oxide Which one of the following transducers can be used for magnetic flux density measurement?: :- Shall effect transducer Piezoclectric crystals are used for the measurement of: :-> Temperature Piezoélectric crystal can be used to measure: Static and dynamic pressure A strain gauge with a nominal resistance of 120hm and gauge factor of 2 undergoes a strain of 10B-5.whatis the change in resistance in response to the stesin? ->2.4X10E-3 ohm A lem piezoelectric transducer having a g-cocflicient of $8V/kg/square of m is subjected to a constant pressure of 10E-3kg/cube of m for about |Sminutes.the piezo voltage developed by the transducer will be: :>S8my In an LVDT the output quantity : >is difference of the two currents flowing in the two secondaries Ina LVDT, the secondary voltages: ->very unequally depending on the core position . Sensitivity of LVDT is mainly due to: :->Exaet cancellation of secondary voltages Anac LVDT is given 6.3V input and produces5.2V for a range of + or -0.25inch when the core is -0.2Sinch from the centre, what is the output produced? : :>-2.6V . In an LVDT, there are two secondary coils which are connected for a single output. Which one of the following is correct: :> the coils are in series and in phase opposition ‘Syncros and resolvers not have the following advantages: :-> less operating speeds Which of the following statement is not true?: :>Syncros and resolvers have low accuracy Percentage of the full scale reading| | | 147, 148 149, 150. 151 152 153. 154. 155. 156. 157. 158. 159. 160. 161. 162 163. 164. 165. 166. 167. 168. 169. 170. 171. 172. 173. 174. 175, 176. 17. 178. 179. 180. 181 182. 183, 184, 185. 186. 187: 188. 189. 190, 191. 192, 193. free of noi: A specch signal occupying the band width of 300hz to 3khz is converted into PCM format for use in digital communication. if the sampling frequency is 8khz and each sample is quantized into 256 level, then the output bit rate will be: .:->64kb/s Ina digital read out system has a full scale indication of 999 its resolution is : ->one is indicating difference between zeros and full scale value : ->range Threshold is related-—--—-quantty :> minimum ‘The measure of random error is given by Random errors also known as -onstant is associated with the behavior of first order of the system: :-> time Ifthe range is 150V to 250V the span is: ->100 Ina digital read out system has a full scale indication of 999 its resolution is : Time constant is associated with the behavior of —-—-order of the system: :-> First ‘The output impedance is applicable to---signal sources: ->voltage is the difference between full scale and lower scale values: ->Span Live zero is applied whose output is ~----for zero input: >not zero Drift is a -- *_-variation in output signal: :->Low In the zero error the characteristics are-- linear Incase of zero error the characteristics forms-—--equation: :-> y=mxte ‘Systematic errors related to : :->instrument Gross errors related to--- ->experimenter . Dynamic characteristics related to measured is a function of : :>Time Random errors are due to :>sources Gross errors are due to lack of : :->knowledge Sensitivity is the ratio of change in output signal to change in -~ Zero stability is important when input is : :->Zero Zero stability related to -~ zading when input is zero: :-> Zero Indicated value=true value--- correction : :->- Repeatability applied to quota the standards o! Linearity defines proportionality between input and Responsiveness denotes--change in the measurement quantity: :-> Low Sensitivity of a measuring system should be: :->high for a recording instrument the scale may be for an indicating instrument the scale may be: -> Linear Correction i: to extor: ;>opposite True value =- value + correction: :->Indicated Un certainty is: :->inaceuracy ‘Accuracy is the neamess of -----value to true value: :->Indicated .-- is the neamess of indicated value to true value : ->accuracy _----=+ is the range of variation of indicated value from true value: :-> uncertainty Correction is : :->True value - indicated value Correction is expressed as % of — is the characteristics of pre: the degree of refinement with a measured value: :->Precision, ‘The meter provides output in the form of : ->mechanieal ‘The intermediate element modifies suitability of ---of primary element: :->output -device renders the indication possible on a calibrated scale: . ->end device In measufing systems----—-element modifies the suitability of output of primary element: >intermediate In measuring systems-------element senses the quality under measurement: :->Primary The instruments meant for dynamic conditions --be used for static characteristics: .->neither 1 in 999) > Input 105 106, 107. 108. 109, 110. ut 112. 13, us. ve} 116. 17. 118. 119, 120, 121 122 123, 124 125, 126. 127. 128. 129, 130. 31 132 133. 134 135, 136 137 138. 139. 140. 141 142. 143, 144. 145. 146, ampled signal 2(t) represents it self as sampled data & it is seen that 2(1)=0 at,x(t)=----: --> 0 nples are the values of in sampling process: :->amplitudes In----medulation the amplitude range of sampled analog signal is divided into finite no. of discrete levels::-> pulse code ‘The term quanta is related to ~~ modulation: :->pulse code The frequency at which g(t) is periodic is ->U/T The derivative of function is -----except at t=0: :->0 Att=0 the derivative of step function is: :-> Infinite The derivative of step function is zero except at ::> t=0 Laplace transform of unit impulse is: > 1 If the periodic signal g(t)=g(-t)the function posses: Ifthe periodic signal g(t)=-g(-t)the function possess- In the complex representation 1 ‘The angular frequency at which g(t) is periodic is : :->radius /s The ramp input signal at t <0 is: :->0 The ramp input signal at t> 0 is: ->A*t Ramp input signal starts from: :->0 Lapiace-transform of ramp input is : :->A/(S*S) Ina step input function for (> Oju(t)= : :>0 The parabolic input function at t < is :->0 ‘The parabolic input function at t >0 is :->A(*O/2 A parabolic input function is: :-> (a)f()=A.(t*)/2 . Impulse function is the 9f step function: :->derivative Laplace transform of parabolic input function is : ->A/(S*S*S) ‘ A periodic signal repeats in regular intervals of: :->time The quantity density its response becomes: :->output signal Signal is a variation of-quantity with: :->Time - The Pulse code modulation operating with a signal strength that is above the threshold value, the signal to noise ratio at.the receiver output will be: .:->Proportional to band width of the system The Laplace transform of unit ramp is: :>4/(S*S) Ltransform of step input is : :>A/S A step signal is: =>f()=A.u(t) ‘Ana periodic signal occurs: once Ina step input function for t> O;u(t)=: ==> 1 The ramp input is A(SA.t The performance of the DPCM-coder improves as the input increases Analog data having highest harmonic at 30khz generated by a sensor has been digitized using 6 level PCM what will be the rate of digital signal generated: :->180kbps A digital communication system uses 8-PSK modulation and transmits 3600bps.what is the symbols rate?: :->1200 symbols/sec In PCM system, if we increase the quantization levels from 2 to 8, how do the relative band width requirements vary?: :->get tripled How much is contributed by each bit in the code word of a PCM system under uniform and a symmetric quantization to the signal to noise ratio?: :->6db Which oné of the following pairs is not correetly matched? :->PCM: pre-emphasis Quantization noise occurs in -->Pulse code modulation ‘The signal to quantization noise ratio in an a bit PCM system: :->decreases with increasing value of n ‘The pulse code modulation has advantage over other methods of modulation in that: :>If the signal is kept above threshold value, the signal can be repeated of times and still remains symmetry =>Even symmeiry :->odd sample Osample correlation of the