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631 - 2009-Logarithm Summary Sheet - Explanation

This document provides explanations of key properties and laws of logarithms. It defines logarithms with base 10 as log x and base e as ln x. It then lists 4 properties of logarithms and 4 properties of natural logarithms. These properties explain the exponents needed to raise the base to a power to obtain the value inside the logarithm. Finally, it presents 3 laws of logarithms, such as the law that the logarithm of a product is the sum of the logarithms. The document serves to summarize the essential properties and rules for working with logarithms.

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128 views

631 - 2009-Logarithm Summary Sheet - Explanation

This document provides explanations of key properties and laws of logarithms. It defines logarithms with base 10 as log x and base e as ln x. It then lists 4 properties of logarithms and 4 properties of natural logarithms. These properties explain the exponents needed to raise the base to a power to obtain the value inside the logarithm. Finally, it presents 3 laws of logarithms, such as the law that the logarithm of a product is the sum of the logarithms. The document serves to summarize the essential properties and rules for working with logarithms.

Uploaded by

api-258903855
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
Available Formats
Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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Logarithm Summary SheetExplanation

Meaning of Logarithms
Log x = log 10 x
ln x = log e x

Property
1. log a 1 = 0

Properties of Logarithms
Reason
We must raise a to the power 0 to get 1.

2. log a a = 1

We must raise a to the power 1 to get a.

3. log a a x = x

We must raise a to the power x to get a x

4. a

logax

=x

Log a x is the power to which a must be raised to get x.

Property
1. In 1 = 0

Properties of Natural Logarithms


Reason
We must raise e to the power 0 to get 1.

2. In e = 1

We must raise e to the power 1 to get e.

3. In e x = x

We must raise e to the power x to get e x

4. e ln

In x is the power to which e must be raised to get x.

=x

Laws of Logarithms
Let a be a positive number, with a 1. Let A 0, B 0, and C be any real numbers.
Law
logB Description
loga
The logarithm of a product of numbers is the sum of
1. log a (AB) = log a A + log a B
the logarithms of the numbers.
A
2. log a = log a A log a B
The logarithm of a quotient of numbers is the
B
difference of the logarithms of the numbers.
3. log a (A C ) = C log a A.

The logarithm of a power of a number is the


exponent times the logarithm of the number.

Change of Property Base


Log a B = logB
loga
Logarithm Summary SheetExplanation
1/27/09mm-fd

631

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